Workers Press no. 247

INCORPORATING THE NEWSLETTER

What think The working class in action defence who claim and Measured Day Work Liass are not possiblesse Socialism' recently pu ) which pensi trade i endan the rank and mber step which wil deal than A deal essanecessary, clif win, he claims. class and the murance the British working We once they are gi en workers

SOCIALIST

LABOUR

LEAGUER

Trotsky Memorial Meeting

GLASGOW

Partick Burgh Hall inr Merkland st underground 7.30 p.m. • Admission 2s Trots gish techition Speaker:

(SLL

Sunday October 4 Please note changed date workers press

PUBLISHED FROM TUESDAY TO SATURDAY • NUMBER

247 As the Tory threat gets worse The TUC retreats 102ND Trades Union Congress

THE

meets under the shadow of the greatest political and

BY CHAEL BANDA

economic crisis that the British working class has ever faced. The continuing massive increase in unemployment, the sharp drop in pront rates and the investment cuts Rolls march combined with the projected Tory government attacks

NEXT TUESDAY

on wages, union rights, immıgrants, the social services, education and housing, now mean that the ruling class G. Healy about must, it it is to survive, take the nrst steps to the relations between the Inter- corporate state in Britain.

national committee and the unined secretariat. UCS pay- Meir to off strike see Nixon Clyde ISRAEL premier Golda Meir is to visit the US later this month. This was announced Thesskinan to thesates yesterday after the apparent settlement of her Saboar force a orat, with full union collab Longer leave stoppage Natiotte attend Fairfields co do the son cha seed tober, but will now leave ruer unan plannica, an almost certain to no talks with INIXon Glassmen seek port backing MEMBERS of the Pilkington rank-and-file reaction pulse yesterday over Lo dav s meeting in Liver boo where they will urge dock their to support

BYA WORKERS PRESS

CORRESPONDENT

Not serious YESTERDAY'S half-day strike Israeli by 2,600 members of the Post ever soaking r Ofice Engineering Union tor ploring wil further plante the longer leave got under way at the three London PO fac ation for the mo tories with gate metings Helen's missiles in further Fear is one to veni t the dealing That is why a the and deploring shi bere just again become a pos- spates to - leave claim for assist was PAGE FOR State Devlin: Dockers' worst fears are confirmed a nate cargo will et 828 for No confidence DOCK employers have released final details Devlin Tects the real to tand it three week madmal Phase Two deal which comes E33 10. ects the and of 50 into operation London docks from Monday Septem- Many real steels isy thr ber 21. for- regarded clauses expects contr the deal. These opposed eficiency All Trades Unions Leon Trotsky's Alliance Conference port por last words:

MINERS

'I am confident of Voluntary shifts

THIS SUNDAY

state" also body untary. the victory of the 10.30 a.m. - 5 p.m. will be Escargo Fourth International Smalle Danum Hotel Go forward'! drivers High Si

DONCASTER

considered unfit The daily organ of the Central Committee of the Socialist Labour League

SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 5, 1970

PRICE 6d.

MORRIS MOTORS OXFORD

Morris Motors workers voted yesterday for strike action for maintaining piecework in the Oxford plant -Productivity- Measured-Day 'Greater strain on Work driven workers' shiel it by mang me back at Cowley one of Britain a top medical 3946

BY A WORKERS PRESS CORRESPONDENT

soet thating hos- WORKERS at Morris Motors, the British-Leyland group factory in Cowley, Oxford, yesterday delivered a major blow to the company's plans to undermine the piecework system sciated overwhelmingly lavour or a recommenda this nation con pul by neg rarsons automati 1 ranspor and eneral • intel workers union senio: shon steward. tor a total stoppage support the Morris 1000 assembl workers who have been be achieved *Piecevon sembly strike for the intensity of when iously be tion the he routh that ko ma hater the erase leand Senior steward Parsons Talks on Garden talks refinery Minor assembly hines COVENT GARDEN porters' discontinuel strike in a few weeks' time work-to-rule for £25 guaran

PRICING

teed tall-back will continue until next Tuesday the resPonsible to privil be month earliest after yesterday's talks freed vite erase ous jobs. between emplovers and union terday in a London hotel the comp officials adjourned agreement.

PAGE FOUR COL. 8

Bathe motel is to be price Work. the em laters reall called or Trotsky Memorial Lectures Convenors from arringtor sended ther

OISKYS LAST WORD.

Constructile

MCC

THE VICTORY OF THE

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FOURTH INTERNATIONAL

GOFORWARD....

-onstruction worker itch holida

FEE

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THE WOR

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a cone see ble inagement is simply not all attacked their Monday, 14 September While the been priced TUC at Brishton on Tuesday "Trotsky's struggle against Stalinism' OUr 1s met Monday, 21 September average. "Trotsky's fight against revisionism'

CAN'T ACCEPT

GKN MEN

th Senioskers stewards told

BEAVER HALL

REJECT

"model Mansion House forced to

FORMULA

ve workers Starts 8 p.m. Admission 2s @ See Late News Both lectures given by G. HEALY (SLL national secretary)

• PAGE FOUR COL. 4 →

What think The working class in action closer and t ted lead in Pend to the accepta the en worse deal than A ds neces necessary, Cliff you fought, as the

SOCIALIST

LABOUR

LEAGUE

Trotsky Memoria Meeting

GLASGOW

Partick Burgh Hall (nr Merkland St underground) 7.30 p.m. • Admission 2s.

(SLL

Sunday October Please note changed date The daily organ of the Central Committee of the Socialist Labour League

SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 5, 1970

PRICE 6d.

THE NEWSLETTER • PUBLISHED FROM TUESDAY TO SATURDAY •

NUMBER

247 • THE 102ND Trades Union Congress meets ınder the shadow of the greatest political ano

BY MICHAEL BANDA

conomic crisis that the British working class has ever faced. Morris Motors workers voted yesterday for strike action for maintaining piecework in the Oxford plant.

The continuing massive increase in unemployment, Productivity- the sharp drop in profit rates and the investment cuts, Rolls march combined with the projected Tory government attacks

NEXT TUESDAY

'Greater social services, DATA members on wages, union rights, immigrants, education and housing, now mean that the ruling class yesterday to strain on G. Healy writes a bout must, if it is to survive, take the hirst steps to the relations between the Inter- corporate state in Britain.

and nation a mined Secretariat workers' UCS pay- as a mmended fascist conly by off strike e cokes sa of the toee and ee rules penalist Workers walked oshi orade walked Yesterday "The Times', nicase tonemployment

BY A WORKERS PRESS CORRESPONDENT

e an of yesterday's shift. WORKERS at Morris Motors, the British-Leyland group factory in ISRAEL premier Golda Meir is to visit the pith point US later this month. This was announced Cowley, Oxford, yesterday delivered a major blow to the company's in he sas kin i are the latest plans to undermine the piecework system.

vesterdav atter the apparent settlement of her cabinet crisis. At a mass meeting they voted overwhelmingly in procedure which increased She was originally due oration. Longer leave stoppage favour of a attend United «Whenever tion put by done automation Fairfields' Transpo refused ent the TUc has ing Union Workers senior more intense to do the strikers' work.

General Coun 9s it the shop steward, tor a total worthless stoppage support te morris lovo assemoi Glassmen seek workers wno nave been on strike for ten davs. port backing ing shop MEMBERS of the Pilkington he rack or pay result is that e rank-and-nie committee were strike optimistic' yesterday over to- No policy the ADIS 28. Liverpool in the volute product The studie much will urge dock wnere lney perspicacity support workers Con- that hit men righton plant Teaders That • ha missiles in after the rel and measure Motion

BY A WORKERS PRESS

Senior steward Parsons. Talks on with for exe sion, zone. thent White

CORRESPONDENI

Not serious *Mington products efficient black outline went and is Garden talks YESTERDAY'S half-day strike drawn rom next But threats Israeli by 2,600 members of the Post The stever sa palin tens, these mis ton estry COVENTGAKDEN porterd seriously in Washin Office Engineering Union for strike work-to-rule for £25 Jonger leave got under way will urch teed fall-back nent of the sacked glassmen.

at the three London PO fac-

PRICING

will continue i them ATTEMPTS to settle the until next luesdav at tories with gate metings responsible for pricill the will one Labour H Council, workers at earliest after yesterday's talks "with ey siles in further * sing Kent secutive between employers and union cole to he continue eat Marine bee Minor 1000 worked nd the Mitate East Ollelals aa ourned without began, the company agreement. force Measure

PAGE FOUR COL&

‹ The talks were called on n at the 6 st claims Trotsky Memorial Lectures tialism employers from calling Oil negotiations.

IROTSKYS LAST WORDS

sense

AM CONFIDENT

Fr

THE VICTORY OF THI

FOURTH INTERNATIONAI

GO FORWARD...

Devlin: Dockers' worst Construction so bess th does

9W THAT

9 THAT MEANS BITE

fears are confirmed ready.

THE WORERS PRE

handle cargo will ser 828 for is!

No confidence DOCK employers have released from final details the Devilt The eat so fand. bree weeks paid al assembli kanst ties and bindime. worker Phase Two deal which comes appeal markers and is cerned, Monday Septem- modes in ti The dOCKS Irom police attacked their picket 1 new Monday, 14 September her 21.

• PAGE FOUR COL. T

These heid er. mont milli dock lobby "Trotsky's struggle against Stalinism' state tha Tuesday opposed Brighto • ON All Trades Unions Donatoons be seat to: CEU r is 26-£7 ximum below the Leon Trotsky's Sweeting St, Liverpool Monday, 21 September Alliance Conference last words:

MINERS

at any time "Trotsky's fight against revisionism'

CAN'T ACCEPT

I am confident of

GKN MEN

THIS SUNDAY

BEAVER HALL

They and she volstar. san loading the victory of the 10.30 a.m. - 5 p.m. sunda star

REJECT

tien cannere accept as situa

GARLICK HILL

836 10S, Fourth International ling available; ansion House tube Danum Hotel *bingenes, crane divers

FORMULA

shand crews High St this sid leap workers Go forward'! Admission 2s stans oo.m

DONCASTER

considered unfit

• PAGE FOUR COL. 4 →

• See Late News Both lectures given by G. HEALY (SLL national secretary)

PAGE TWO

(vi) The peasants WE HAVE already taken Marx's well-known definition of the small peasantry as 'a class and not a class' to illu- strate his views on the rela- tion between the economic and political processes in a class's formation. Equally instructive is his explanation of how this very amorphous character of the peasantry, given their history since the decrees following the Revolution of 1789, laid the basis for the power of Louis Napoleon. Marx's classic text 'The 18th Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte' model besides constituting a of the method of historical materialism, throws much light on the subsequently vexed and momentous problem of the relationship of the peasantry to the socialist revolution.

For example, Lenin's stra- tegy in Russia did not include the 'peasant alliance' simply as an organizational device, but the extension into the was conditions of backward Russia of the theoretical conclusions of Marx and Engels from 1848 and in the subsequent years.

'The Bonaparte dynasty,' writes Marx, 'represents not the revolutionary, but the con- servative peasant; not the peasant that strikes out beyond the condition of his social existence, the small holding, but rather the peasant who wants to consolidate it; not the country folk who want to overthrow the old order through their own energies linked up with the towns, but on the contrary those who, in stupefied bondage to this old order, want to see themselves with their small-holding saved and favoured by the ghost of the empire. It represents not the enlightenment, but the superstition of the peasant; not his judgement, but his pre- judice; not his future, but his past; not his modern Cévennes [where a famous peasant up- rising took place in the early 18th century] but his modern Vendée [where the peasants supported the Royalists after 17891.'21 Contended In the years of the parlia- mentary republic of 1848 up to the coup d'état of Louis Napo- leon in December 1851, 'the modern and the traditional consciousness of the French peasant contended for mastery'.

Marx's method here should be noted. He does not deduce the political character of the peasant 'once and for all' from .

the economic-social definition of the class, but sees upon this basis a struggle between 'the past and the future' of the peasants as a class, a struggle joined only through the draw- ing of the peasants into the maelstrom of political history from 1848 to 1851, which has already been explained by Marx as the outcome of econo- mic and class developments at the national and international levels (above). This development 'from the outside' sets the terms under which the struggle of past against future in the peasantry takes place, and on this basis 21('18th Brumaire, Selected Works' Vol II, p. 416.) Fill in the form below and se

SECRETARY, SOCIALIST LI

186A CLAPHAM HIGH ST, L(

Name Address Marx discusses the disputes over local government, educa- tion, religion, morality, and so which raged among the on, peasants. This method should be con- trasted with any pseudo- Marxist 'analyses' which build up some 'model' of the class psychology of the peasant (or of the bourgeois, etc.) from the material conditions of his existence and then proceed to test it, confirm it, refine it, etc., through consideration various facts about peasant life and peasant history. Analysis Attempts to present work- by a similar ing-class culture method, instead of through the historical analysis the central experiences of the pro- letariat's struggle to become a "class for itself' in conflict with the bourgeoisie, prove still more ludicrous. This struggle between the past and the future of the peasantry is not to be under- stood just as a matter of con- sciousness, or as some tragic In May 16, 1871 the first words of '18th B workers toppled the statue of Napoleon from fate. Its material basis is made clear in the brilliant closing "The passages of 18th Brumaire', particularly in the following paragraphs: 'After the first revolution (1789) had transformed the peasants from semi-villeins into freeholders, Napoleon con- firmed and regulated the con- ditions on which they could exploit undisturbed the soil of France which had just come into their possession and slake their youthful passion for is But what now property. causing the ruin of the French peasant is his dwarf holding itself, the division of the land, the form of property which 7 e information about - below and send to NATIONAL 1

)CIALIST LABOUR LEAGUE,

HIGH ST, LONDON, SW4.

Napoleon consolidated in France. It is precisely the material conditions which made the feudal peasant into a small peasant and Napoleon into an emperor. 'Two generations have sufficed to produce the inevit- able result: progressive deterioration of agriculture, progressive indebtedness of the agriculturist. 'The "Napoleonic" form of property, which at the begin- ning of the 19th century was the condition for the libera- tion and enrichment of the French countryfolk, has developed in the course of this century as the law of their enslavement and pauperisation.

And it is just this law which is the first of the "idees napoléoniennes" which the second Bonaparte has to up- hold. 'If he still shares with the peasants the illusion that the cause of their ruin is to be sought not in this small- holding property itself but out- side it in the influence of secondary causes, then his experiments will burst like soap bubbles when they come vords of '18th Brumaire' were dramatically and litera f Napoleon from Vendôme column.

into contact with the relations of production." Marx goes on to show how the small-holding, the exten- sion of private property of the bourgeois into the type countryside, which had been the main guarantee of the bour- geois order against feudal restoration, had within two generations turned into the new enslavement of the small peasant: "The bourgeois order, which at the beginning of the century set the state to stand guard the newly-arisen small- over holding and manured it with laurels, has become a vampire that sucks out its blood and marrow and throws them into the alchemistic cauldrons of capital. The Code Napoleon is now nothing but a codex of distraints, forced sales and compulsory auctions."23 The future interests of the therefore only peasantry are to be found in the overthrow of the bourgeois order, and in alliance with that social force which can overthrow it, the proletariat. In so far as the peasantry remains the slave of its past, of its illusions of the perma- nent and prosperous small- holding, protected by the Emperor, its class nature will 22(Ibid, pp. 417-418.) 23(Ibid.) serve to strengthen the bour- geois state in its most repres- sive forms against the pro- letariat and the revolutionary sections of the peasantry itself.

Thus: *Besides the mortgage which capital imposes on it, the small- holding is burdened by taxes.

Taxes are the source of life for the bureaucracy, the army, the priests and the court, in short, for the whole apparatus of the executive power. Strong gov- ernment and heavy taxes are identical. 'By its very nature, small- holding property forms a suit- able basis for all-powerful and innumerable bureaucracy. It creates a uniform level of relationships and persons over the whole surface of the land.

Hence it also permits of uni- form action from a supreme centre on all points of this uniform It annihilates mass. the aristocratic intermediate grades between the mass of the people and the state power.

therefore, it 'On all sides, calls forth the direct inter- ference of this state power and the intervention of its immedi- ate organs."24 tically and literally fulfilled when after 3} hours work, • Whereas the first Napoleon, in the 1790s, could take his armies beyond revolutionary and repay France's borders with interest' the taxes of the peasants through the opening and up of vast new markets the plunder of other nations, second 'ghost' of the Empire needed to equip and his bureaucratic caste pay directly out of the state revenue from taxes; raising parasitism to new heights, if the expression is suitable.

Church Not only the state, but the Church also, is now placed in where it appears a position openly as the ideological pro- tector of the ruin and oppres- sion of the small peasant, religious rather than the accompaniment of his new- found independence, as in the 1790s. Finally the army, the napoléonienne, last 'idée which was after 1789 'the flower of the peasant youth, becomes under Louis Napoleon swamp-flower of the 'the peasant lumpenproletariat'.

The development of capital- ism between 1789 and 1848, the unfolding of its internal class conflicts just at the point where the bourgeoisie was forced to face up to its own 'republican' last struggle (1848), the maturing of new 2(Ibid, pp. 419-420.)

WORKERS PRESS

of production in relations society as a whole which im- periously demand the demise of the peasant small-holding all this has built up behind the back' of the peasant a situation in which his tradi- tional ideology is brought into complete contradiction with his material conditions of life, where every action into which he is forced will either con- firm his oppression in still more bestial forms or, by a leap in consciousness through alliance with the proletariat, set going the process that will abolish his own and all private property. Estimate Marx was wrong in his esti- mate of the stage of maturity for socialist revolution reached by French society in 1848.

And yet, from his historical- analysis of these materialist he cast a searchlight events the developing class on to relations of capitalist the system as a whole, and not only in France. It was 20 years before the ghost of Bonaparte was laid; but then, in 1871, in by • 3} hours work, Paris thousands of the action of workers in the Paris Commune who had certainly never read Marx, the final words of his '18th Brumaire' were dramatic- ally and literally fulfilled: 'But if the imperial mantle finally falls on the shoulders of the iron Louis Bonaparte, statue of Napoleon will crash from the top of the Vendôme column.' It remains to explain the political consciousness and role of the peasantry in terms of our earlier presentation of the role of ideology. When Marx talks about "false consciousness' he is not dismissing the ideological aspects of history as ephemeral. This 'false con- sciousness' must be understood necessary link in the as a causal chain, but the very con- ditions which make possible the recognition of its falseness as well as its necessity demand at the same time a struggle against its persistence. Marx concludes, the on illusions of the peasants: 'One sees; all idées napoléon- iennes are the ideas of the un- developed small-holding in the freshness of its youth; for the small-holding that has outlived its day they are an absurdity.

They are only the hallucina- tions of its death struggle, words that are reduced to phrases, reduced to spirits ghosts.

FINAL PART

REGULAR S

PART

ON PHILOS

SIXTEEN

'But the parody of imperial- Obviously this has been a ism was necessary to free the matter of political importance of French nation the working-class mass to Tne from weight of tradition ment ever since. the and to work out in pure form here We confine ourselves the the opposition between simply to taticatin from with state power and society.!"

selected quotations be And it in Paris great many which could was the of 1871, that Marx, Engels and Commune 20 used, years keenly later, that the proletariat made their followers were 'middle classes' aware of the its first revolutionary and that Marx's ref- against this 'pure form' of the problem, 'irrelevant bourgeois state. Paris was then erence to it as to present purposes' Capital' isolated, particularly from in the isolated after- was not an peasants in the countryside, thought. but this time, in contrast with 1848, the proletariat discovered Marx always discusses the in practice that the old state problem, however, strictly in 'smashed', machine must be to the framework of conflict in independent organs the principal class and new of a new type of state be set the given society, that derived from the relations of produc- up by the working class. tion the key sectors the The question of revolution- mode of production. Referring ary leadership based on Marx- to Ricardo, for example, ist theory and its need to pro- says: towards the strategy 'What Ricardo forgets to peasantry among all its other the continual in- tasks, was also posed by the mention is of the Paris Commune, because in numbers but 'parody' of 1851 had been middle classes situated the midway between the and workers lived through exhausted. on one side and the capitalists by 1871 qualitatively new ex- periences could be made. Marx and landowners on the other.

wrote to Kugelmann: These middle classes rest with But if the imperial mantle finally falls on the shoulders of Louis of Napoleon will crash from the top of the Vendome column. 'Whatever the immediate re- all their weight upon the work- of ing class and at the same time sults may be. a new point departure of world-historic im- increase the social security and power of the upper class. '2 gained.' been portance (April 17, 1871.) Marxists would make characaterization of the eco- (vii) A note on 'the mid- basis and political role nomic dle classes' of of each component part these middle with the classes, first and differentia- obvious UNDER THE general heading between 'new' middle tion of 'the middle classes, many based on the classes protes- different very questions are sional functionaries of the busi- often thrown together, : with and ness corporations state the purpose of suggesting that and 'old' middle institutions Marx's-division 'proletariat-. classes based on small business bourgeoisie and his insistence enterprise. But these classes on polarization between fundamental in not the these two classes, with the re- sense of the 'economic law of yolutionary consequences flow- motion' of capitalism. ing from it, is misguided be- They enter the are en cause it fails to account for the the level struggle between effect of intermediate and the classes in all its aspects; layers or classes. transitional this is why Marx draws atten- We have already that tion to their 'pressure' on the Marx's major work, 'Capital', proletariat and their function case concerned is in any with as an adjunct of the power of a level of analysis where these the bourgeoisie. intermediate layers are ex-/ from plicitly excluded Similarly, discussing an COn- of sideration. what is nowadays aspect called 'social mobility' (i.e. the At the political and ideo- logical levels, however, the role movement of individuals be- of these middle of strata is social classes), Marx Tween great importance. In this chap- emphasises the relation of such ter, for example, we have sum- social changes to the overall marized the verdict of Marx on power-situation between the the role of the peasantry in the Only from main classes. course of the last stages this standpoint can we ascer- and the bourgeois revolution tain the significance of the its juncture with the first ap- 'mobility': of the pearance revolutionary 1848. 26(Marx, "Theories of Surplus proletariat in Value'. Cited in Bottomore and 25(Ibid, p. 422.) Rubel, op. cit., p. 190.)

Saturday, August 29, 1970

• PART OF A

JLAR SERIES

PHILOSOPHY

Although this situation con- tinually brings an unwelcome number of new soldiers into the field, and into competition with the existing individual capitalists, it also consolidates the rule of capital itself, en- larges its basis, and enables it to recruit ever new forces for itself out of the lower layers of society...• "The more a ruling class is able to assimilaté the most prominent men of the domin- ated classes the more stable and dangerous is its rule.'

It is clear that the use of phrases like 'insurmountable class barriers' as indications of Marx's view of class by bour- sociologists like Lipset geois and Schumpeter amounts to misrepresentation. The gross question is not one of the fate of individuals or of the num- bers of such individuals but of the changes in class relations.

Later Marxists have taken account of the rise of the 'new' middle classes in exactly this way. These social groups were the subject of much discussion in the Marxist movement before the turn of the century. Lenin's review 1899) of Kautsky's the 'revisionism' of reply to Bernstein" indicates the terms of the discussion. Lenin wrote: "The chapter on the "new middle estate" is likewise ex- tremely interesting and, for us Russians, particularly instruc- tive. If Bernstein had merely wanted to say that in place of the declining petty producers a new middle estate, the in- telligentsia, is appearing, he would be perfectly correct, says Kautsky, pointing out that he himself noted the import- this phenomenon of ance several years before. 'In all spheres of people's labour, capitalism increases the number of office and profes- sional workers with particular rapidity, and makes a growing démand for intellectuals.

"The latter occupy a special the other position among classes, attaching themselves partly to the bourgeoisie by their connections, their out- looks, etc., and partly to the as increasingly wage-workers deprives the intellectual of his independent position, converts him into a hired worker and threatens to lower his living standard. The transitory, un- stable, contradictory position of that stratum of society now under discussion is reflected in widespread the particularly diffusion in its midst of hybrid, eclectic views, a farrago of contrasting principles and ideas, an urge to rise verbally to the higher spheres and to conceal the conflicts between . the historical groups of the population with phrases-all of which Marx lashed with his sarcasm half a century ago.'" Three years later, Lenin drew attention to the relation- ship between this new middle estate and the old type of petty bourgeoisie, this time along the lines of Marx's note about the latter's 'pressure' on the proletariat : all the countries of 'In Europé, Russia included, the bourgeoisie is steadily petty being "thrust to the wall" and falling into decline, a process which does not always express itself in the outright and direct elimination of the petty bour- geoisie, but in most cases leads to a reduction of its role in economic life, to deterioration of its living , conditions, and greater insecurity. 'Everything militates against it: technical progress in big in- dustrial and agricultural enter- prises, the development of the big shops, the growth of manu- facturers' associations, cartels even the and trusts, and growth of consumers' societies and municipal enterprises. And, 27(Kautsky, 'Bernstein und das Sociallemokratische programm: eine antikritik'.) 28 (Collected Works', Vol. IV, pp. 201-202.)

Saturday, September 5, 1970 France) is not a working-class while the petty bourgeoisie is "thrust to the wall" in being party either with regard to its the sphere of agriculture and policies or its social compo- industry, a "new middle social- stition. It is the party of the estate", as the Germans say, is new middle estate (the func- and developing, civil emerging tionaries, servants, etc.) of the new stratum petty and, in part, of the petty bour- bourgeoisie, the intelligentsia, geoisie and the labour aristoc- who are also гасу. *30 finding life in capitalist society harder and harder and for the most part Important regard this from the society viewpoint of the small pro- In his 'History of the Russian ducer. Revolution, Trotsky, far from. 'It is quite natural that this dismissing this 'new middle must inevitably lead to wide- estate' as irrelevant, it gives spread dissemination and con- a very important political role stant revival of petty-bourgeois in the revolution: ideas and doctrines in the most varied forms." 'Lenin described Sukhanov as one of the best representives Trotsky wrote in a similar of the bourgeoisie, and petty the political vein about rela- that is the most flattering thing tions between these two social that can be said of him. strata: 'Only in this connection it 'The Socialist Party (of must not be forgotten that the "(Ibid, Vol. VI, p. 434.)

30('Whither France', p. 142.)

SATURDAY

BBC 1

10.25 a.m. Weather. 10.30 Grandstand. Featuring Gillette Cup Final.

12.55 p.m. Football preview. 1.10 International moto-cross.

1.20, 2.20, 2.50 Racing from Ripon. 2.00 Show jumping. 4.55 Results service. 5.40 Rest of Basil Brush. 6.10 NEWS and weather. 6.20

GRANDSTAND.

The Gillette Cup Final. Lancashire v Sussex.

7.00

HIGH

ADVENTURE.

'Six Black Horses'. With Audie Murphy and Dan Duryea. A gunfighter and a cowhand fall out over a blonde. 8.15 IT'S LULU. With guest Dusty Springfield.

9.00 A MAN CALLED IRONSIDE. 'Eye of the Hurricane'.

9.50 NEWS and weather. 10.05

MATCH OF THE DAY.

11.05

THE MAN WHO

TALKS TO CHILDREN. Harold Williamson. 11.30 Weather.

REGIONAL BBC

All regions as BBC 1 except: 11.40 News. Canoren. est 10. 05-10.25 West. Sorth North, 10.45-11.05 5.40-6.10 Match ay. 11.32 Weather the South, West: 11.32 results

DURES

10.05-10.35 11.05-11.30 Saturday scotlanu: alla 10.35-11.15 Scope sound. 11.30-11.50 Sports final, news sportsces. The restiva

WITC

ane weatner.

BBC 2

3.00-4.30 p.m.

SATURDAY CINEMA.

'Call Me Mister'. With Betty Grable and Dan Dailey. American musical.

7.30 NEWS, sport and weather. GREAT ZOOS OF THE WORLD. West Berlin.

7.45 CHRONICLE REVIEW. Anthony Rossiter and W. H. Auden.

8.15 9.45

GARDENERS' WORLD.

10.05 THIRTY-MINUTE THEATRE. These Men Are Dangerous: Stalin'. 10.35

ROWAN AND MARTIN'S LAUGH-IN.

11.25 NEWS and weather. 11.30

MIDNIGHT MOVIE

'Never Love a Stranger'. With John Drew Barrymore and Steve McQueen.

ITV

12 noon 11.30 a.m. RAC road report. 11.35 Stay alive.

Wind in the 12.45 News. 12.50 World 12.15 p.m. Captain Scarlet. of willows. 12.55 On the ball. 1.20 International special. 1.35 sport. sports They're off! 1.45, 2.15 Racing from Sandown. 2.00, 2.30 Racing from special. 2.45 They're off. 2.50 Chester. 2.35 International sports Racing from Sandown. 3.05 Racing from Chester. 3.10 International They're off! 3.25 from Sandown. 3.35 sports special. 3.20 Racing International sports special. 3.55 Results, scores, 4.00 Wrestl- news. 5.15 Stewpot. 5.45 News. ing from St. Albans. 4.55 Results service. 5.50 Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.

BEVERLY HILLBILLIES.

6.15 6.45

OURS IS A NICE HOUSE.

Dickie 7.15

MAGGIE'S

PLACE.

With guests Clodagh Rodgers, Denny Willis, Suzanne Steele, Kevin Colson and Valentine. The Wedgewoods. 8.00

'ESTHER

AND

THE KING'. With Joan Gollins, and Richard Egan. Biblical spectacular.

NEWS.

10.00 THE GOLD ROBBERS. 'The Midas Touch'.

10.10

THE UNTOUCHABLES.

11.10 a.m. VANTAGE POINT.; 12.05

REGIONAL ITV

NeWS. 6n5 London. 5.15 Road 12.45 Joe 90. West. 6.10 Piper. .ondon 7.15 Cowboy Africa. West. London. gas. Gift Film. "Anything Goes . VITa

DITE

0.4) 10.00 With Stack Crosby. Masee snace Love Theat weather. Court Lauren woman adoos midnight LondonNews. place. 10.00 Chile Marge s 10.10 game. in e Weather. 11.45 Action

WESTWARD.

Faith 70. Channel 12.05 a.m. life. Weather.

HARLECH:

12.45 Lon- don 5.15 Robin Hood London SOUTHERN: 12.17 Weather. 12.20 Mr.

: 50 Randall and Hopkirk (deceased)

KARL MARX

question is here of a new capi- talist type of petty bourgeoisie, of industrial, commercial and bank clerks, the functionaries of capital on one side, and the workers' bureaucracy on the other - that is of that new middle caste, in whose name the well known German social democrat Eduard Bernstein undertook at the end of the last century a revision of the revolutionary conceptions of Marx' According to Trotsky, this 'new middle caste', , by reason particularly of its incorpora- tion of a section of the bureau- • within cracy grown up the working class, has a unique political role: 'In order to answer the ques- tion how revolution of workers and peasants came to surrender the power to the bourgeoisie (in Russia after February 1917), it is necessary TV 6.45 Tonk Nih 7.15 Cinema. 'Honky With Clark Gable and Lana professional Turner. A con man a well-bred lady from Boston. meets place. With 10.10 Cinema. 9.15 Maggie's plac Term Of Laurence )livier and Simone Signoret. A fifteen year-old girl brings charges of as- sault against a man three times her age. HTV (Cymru/Wales) black and white service as above except: 6.45-7.15 Hyd a lled. ANGLIA: 11.55 Seaway. 7.15 "Hitler'. With Richard Basehart 9.15 Maggie's At the end All one daesterdays. 12.05 ATV MIDLANDS: 12.15 Joe 90 12.45 5.45 Lon- 'Tarzan's Savage Espionage, weather. ULSTER: 12.45 London. 5.50 Laredo.

6.45 Film: Pinchgut. "Siege of With Sears. blow Aldo and Heather Ray An escaped convict threatens to up the 8.40 Sports Ours is a nice house. results. 9.15 Maggie's 10.00 London. place 10.10 Theatre. i1.10 Prisoner.

YORKSHIRE:

driving 12 in Train: 11.35 Better driving. 12 noon ing the family. 12.20 Woobinda. 12.45 Gunsmoke 6.10 News. 6.15 Sky's the limit. 6.45 "Tiger Bay'. Mills, Horst Hayley Buchholz Mills. and John girl nine-year-old becomes involved in a murder. 8.45 Ours a nice house. Maggie's 10.00 10.10 place. London. Name of the game. 11.35 Finders seekers. 12.05 Weather. GRANADA: 11.25 Casting around 11.50 Underwater swimming. 12.15 Stingray. 12.45 London. 5.10 Flipper. 5.15 London. 5.50 Laredo. 6.45 Lon- don. 7.15 Tough «Where guys: No Vultures Fly" With Anthony Steel and Dinah Sheridan. 9.15 Maggie's place. 10.00 London. 10.15 Man In suitcase. 11.10 South Bank summer.

TYNE TEES:

12.15 Joe 90. 12.45 5.50 Bonanza. 6.45 london. London. 8.00 Film: "Up Periscope'.

With James and Edmond Garner O'Brien. Second World War story. 10.00 London. 10.10 Theatre. 11.10 Gazette. 12.05 Epilogue.

12.4 YeSterdays. BORDER: 11.50 All our 5.50 Sports Branded. 6.45 Kenny Everett explosion.

"Parrish' Colbert, Troy Donahue and tobacco-growing country of Connecti- London: 10.10 Name of the game. 11.35 Party's moving

SCOTTISH:

12.45 London. 5.15 Sky's the Bonanza. 6.10 News. 6.15 6.45 limit. Movie: "Hell and High Water'. With Richard Widmark. 8.45 Ours is a nice house. 9.15 Maggie's place. 10.00 London. 10.10 Match Te- 10.25 port. Angels, Late 10.30 Movie: We're No With Humphrey Bogar' Bennett, Basil Rathbone Aldo Ray. Peter Ustinov. and Leo G. Carroll.

GRAMPIAN:

12 noon Wind in the willows. 12.15 Skippy. 12.95 London. 5.50 Laredo. 6.45 Movie: 'The One 8.45 Ours is Piece Bathing Suit'. 10.00 9.15 Maggie's place. nice house. London. 10.10 Movie: The Long and The Short and The Tall'.

WORKERS PRESS

to introduce into the political chain and intermediate link: the petty-bourgeois democrats and socialists of the Sukhanov type, journalists and politicians of the new middle caste, who had taught the masses that the bourgeoisie is an enemy, but themselves than teared any thing else to release the THE CONFERENCE, which masses from the control of that ended last week in the enemy. Appenine resort of Vallom- between 'The contradiction brosa, of the Christian Asso- the character of the revolution and the character of the power ciatons of Italian Workers that issued from it, is explained

(ACLI)

scene of was the by the contradictory character of petty-bourgeois veritable orgies of 'dialoging' ins new partition wall between the re- between Catholic clergymen and the volutionary masses capitalist bourgeoisie. '31 and Stalinists. No effort was spared by the observers from the italian Com- 'Paradox' Party munist their attempt 1n the opportunist LO Diesent Trotsky also suggests that of Catholic bureaucrats onrases the failure of the German re- under pressure as the gospel of volution of 1918-1919 can be class struggle.

ACLI,

laid at the door of the same up by the Vatican heirarchy to take over some of social elements. The 'paradox' the tasks of 'Catholic Action' and by which state power is handed thus to organize reggious obser. back to the bourgeoisie by pro- vance and discipline on a mass fessed socialists, he says: scale among the Italian working class, has become a close adjunct all the seems more of the Catholic trade union CISL, striking, the because experi- itself being forced, under rank- ence of the German revolution and-file pressure, to lead militant of 1918 did not then exist, and action against the employers. humanity had not yet wit- bitter struggles of During the nessed colossal and still more successful operation of this same type carried out by "new middle caste" led by the German social democracy. '32 In the 1930s, Trotsky made a further contribution the to 'political sociology' of these middle strata in his analyses of the Nazi movement ('Ger- THE DECISION by Costa- What Next?'). By the many: simply 1930s, it was not tinos Fafutis, a junior member matter representatives of the Greek judiciary in dominating and misleading the Piraeus, that millionaire ship- working-class movement, but of rather a question all the owner Stavros Niarchos must 'middle' sections, new and old, face a charge of 'lethally providing the for mass basis injuring' his wife Eugenia is the counter - revolutionary forces mobilized by Hitler.

an almost certainly temporary Central to all these examples obstacle to the plans of the is the need for a specific his- fascist regime to bury the torical analysis in each case of the actual constituents of the matter. "middle classes', the actual ex- According Niarchos Paris tent to which their interests lawyer, De Chambrun, Eugenia diverge or temporarily coalesce Niarchos took overdose of all taken in relation to the barbiturate sleeping tablets when Niarchos made a phone call from main determinant of the poli- tical relationship of forces, the the private island of Spetsopoula, where they were staying, to his historic struggle between the ex-wife Charlotte Ford (daughter two classes in modern great of the US car tycoon). production: bourgeoisie and When she was discovered in a proletariat. Niarchos attempted to re- colla, 31 (Trotsky, her, and this, says De 'History of the Chambrun, for the Russian Revolution', pp. 184- bruising and later found marks 185.) the corpse's throat. The family doctor, Arnautis, 32(Ibid.) was flown from Athens, but re-

SUNDAY

TV

BBC 1

9.00-9.30 a.m. Nai zindagi-naya jeevan. 10.30-11.30 Morning ser- vice. 1.25-1.50 p.m. Farming. 2.05 Heritage. 'Land For Leisure'.

2.29 News headlines. 2.30 Film for the family.

'Stowaway in the Sky. With Pascal Lamorisse. 3.45 Sunday grandstand. 3.45 Motor racing.

4.30 Hurling. Cork v Wexford. 4.55 Show jumping from Burghley. 5.30 Going for a song. 5.55 Tom and Jerry.

6.05 NEWS and weather. 6.15 LEADERS OF MEN. 'Christ'.

6.50

SONGS OF PRAISE.

7.25

DIAMOND SPECTACULAR IN LONDON.

8.15

IN TIME OF WAR.

'The Sea Shall Not Have Them'. With Michael Redgrave Dirk Bogarde. and Four carrying men vital information fight a battle for survival in the North Sea.

9.45 NEWS and weather. 9.55 OMNIBUS AT THE PROMS. In Memoriam Sir John Barbirolli.

Beethoven, Delius. 11.00 MY WORLD... AND WELCOME TO IT. 11.25 Weather.

REGIONAL BBC

dechrau 11.27 canmol. Weather. North Cumberiand 2ando Farm 10.30-11.30 11127 Nears South forum. West: 11 Wales: 2.30-3.15 B90-025 Desiras Ireland 1.25-1.48 Farming 11.27 3.13-3.4 Surf masters. News, weather.

BBC 2

1.50-6.30 p.m. CRICKET. The John Player League, Hampshire. v Kent. 7.00 NEWS review and weather. 7.25

THE WORLD ABOUT US.

'The Journals of Lewis and Clark'.

A journey undertaken in 1804 exploring the North-West Terri- tories of America. 8.15 MUSIC ON 2. The Bolshoi Ballet. Carmen Suite, Legend of Love and Spartacus.

BROADEN YOUR MIND.

9.55 THE TENANT OF WILDFELL HALL. 'Recluse'.

10.25 11.05 NEWS and weather, cricket scoreboard.

11.15 FILM NIGHT.

ITV

11.00 a.m.-12 noon Church service. 12.20 p.m. Sunday casson Taliesin tales. 12.40 Families talking. 1.05-1.20 Decimalization.

1.45 All our 2.15 Survival. 2.45 Big match. 3.45 Never a cross yesterdays. word. 4.15 Joe. 4.45 The 5.30 The forest rangers. golden shot.

CARTOON. 6.05 OBERAMMERGAU.

6.00

INCLUDE ME OUT.

6.35 7.00

STARS ON SUNDAY.

7.25 PLEASE SIR! 'Life Without Doris'.

7.55 HAWAII FIVE-O. 'Blind Tiger'.

SUMMER.

8.50

SOUTH BANK

With Deep Purple, Blue Mink, The Settlers. Peter Straker, Richard Barnes, Mud, Design, Con- tinum, Monty Modlyn and Malcolm Clare and his Dancers.

9.50

POLICE FIVE. 10.00 NEWS.

10.15

BIG

BROTHER.

'The Wife Factor'. With Faith Brook and Bernard Hepton. 11.15 AQUARIUS. 'It's Cannes, Man'.

11.45

THINK TWICE.

12 midnight VANTAGE POINT.

REGIONAL ITV

CHANNEL

25 00-12.15 Weather.! 1.45 • 2.15 Farm Seaway bo Big matche Londo ase to the bottom :.30 Skippy. 6.00 Bear London oberathe 6.05 London. 6.15 time magau. 755 Film Summer! Yellow Rolls Rex Rovce• With on: brama Bergm and Shirley Sharif. Ingrid Henbu Gmay and Willia Maclaine. 10.00 midnight E. 0.95 mitted Bank summer. 2.10 Weather. Action 70 As Channel I except: 1.20

HARLECH.

11.00-12 2.15 SP London farm 2.00 Decimalization ports 2.05 Faith 2.45 London. 3:15 London. Joe Tom Grattan's i 5.35 120 Weather 6.00 Poneve 6.05 London SOUTHERN: 11.00-12.05 London. 1.42 'Undercurrent'. With Katherine Screen: last year, which drew millions of Catholic workers into action, and in the strikes to be expected autumn,

ACLI

has been this obliged to polish up its left face to pressure its support. At the 1967 Conference- by the Stalinists as identified the beginning of its 'turn to the left'-it was sufficient to make 'the ritual denunciations of opulent society. But in 1970 stronger meat is required. ACLI has therefore ended its official links with Christian Democratic Party, and registered its independence of the Vatican heirarchy. A number of delegates fav- oured support for a new political movement (set up by Livio Labor, an ex-President of ACLI the Workers' Political Movement' which favours collaboration with the CP). 'struggle Phrases such as against neo-imperialism', 'a class against capitalism' movement and so on were freely tossed around. All this was music to the ears fused to sign a death certificate because of these marks. The body was then flown to Piraeus, where a police doctor signed a certificate attributing her death to barbiturate poison- ing, but noting marks on the face and throat. The government then took the initiative by estab- lishing a commission of six doc- tors to inquire into the cause of the death. The job of the commission was to provide the 'expert evidence' to put an end to the judicial case against Niarchos. Accordingly it was staffed with appropriate 'experts'. The chair- man was Dr Demetrios Kapsaskis, one of the main witnesses on behalf of the Greek regime be- fore the commission of inquiry into torture in Greece set up by the Council of Europe.

Kapsaskis there gave evidence that there was no torture what- soever in either the prisons or the police stations of the regime -evidence that even the reac- tonary representatives of Euro- 'democracy' found it im- pean possible to accept. Earlier, in 1963, it was Kap- saskis who signed a report back- TV Hepburn, Robert Taylor and Robert Mitchum. A young wife learns fright- ening things about her husband from his brother. 10.00 London. 11.15 South Bank summer. 12.15 Weather.

HTV

(Wales) colour channel 41 and HTV (Cymru/Wales) as above except: 1.30-2.00 Testun trafod.

ANGLIA:

11.00-12.15 London. 1.40 diary Kenny Weather. 1.45 Farming 2.15 Match of the week. 3.15 Everett explosion. 3.45 Jokers wild. 4.10 London. 5.30 Tom Grattan's war. weather. On 6.15 London. 7.25 Comedy: •Carry Cruising'. With Sidney James, Kenneth Williams, Kenneth Connor and Liz Frazer. 9.05 Hawaii five-o. 10.00 London. 11.15 South Bank summer. 12.10 Epilogue.

ATV

MIDLANDS:

11.00-12.15 Lon- don. 1.40 Douglas Fairbanks presents.

2.15 Star 3.15 "The Second soccer. With Jeanne Greatest Sex'. Crain, George Nader and Kitty Kallen. West- 4.40 London. ern 5.30 Forest 6.05 rangers. Popeye. London. 7.25 Film: "You're My Everything'. With Dan Dailey and Anne Baxter Story about a professional hoofer and the girl he 9.05 Saint. marries. 10.00 London. 10.15 South bank summer. 11.15 Strange report, weather.

ULSTER:

12.40-1.05 London. 1.50 Saint. 2.45 London. 3.45 Survival. 4.15 London. 5.30 Flipper. 6.00 Pop- 6.05 London. 7.25 Bracken's eye. 8.20 Movie: world. 8.20 'Ransom'. With Glen Reed. 10.00 and Donna London. 10.15 South Bank summer. Conceptions of murder. 11.15 YORKSHIER: 11.00-12.15 London.

1.05 100 years at school. 1.30 Yorkshire matters. 1.50 Farming diary. 2.20 Soccer. 3.20 "The Limping Man'. With Lloyd Bridges, Moira Lister. Mystery. 4.45 London. 5.30 Tom Grattan's war. 6.00 Felix the London. 7.25 cat. 6.05 Film: "The Nun's Story'. With Audrey Hepburn. Peter Finch. Edith Evans The story of and Peggy Ashcroft. novice, her initiation and her work the Belgian inl Congo. 10.00 London. 11.15 South Bank summer. 12.15 Weather.

GRANADA:

London. 11.00-12 noon 12.30 Faces of justice. 1.25 All our 1.55 Interpol calling. vesterdays. 2.20 3.20 Time Football. tunnel. 4.15 Sur- vival. 4.45 London. 5.30 Cartoon time.

5.35 HR Pufnstuf. 6.00 Felix the cat. 6.05 London. 7.25 Picture: "Decision Before Dawn'. With Richard Base. Werner. hart. Oskar Gary Merrill and Hildegarde Neff. 9.30 A man called Shenandoah. 10.00 London. 11.15 Felony squad. TYNE TEES: 11.00-12.15 London. 1.25 All yesterday. 1.50 Farming our out- look. 2.20 Soccer. 3.30 Matinee: "The Swordsman'. With Barry Parks and Ellen Drew. Two Scottish clans are locked bloody feud. 4.45 London. 5.30 Tom Grattan's war Enou 6.00 Lon- 7.25 Film: 'Hot don. for June'. With Dirk Bogarde and Sylva Koscina. A reluctant espionage agent becomes involved and in love in- 9.05 Randall and Hopkirk trigue. (deceased). 10.00 London.

10.15 South bank summer. To 11.15 It takes a thief. Science' 12.10 • Plea read by Maxwell Deas.

BORDER:

11.00-12.15 London. 1.45 diary 3.20 Saint. Border 1.50 Farming outlook. 2.20 Soccer. 4.15 Hogan's heroes. 4.40 London. 5.30 Tom Grat- tan's 6.00 London. 7.55 Love, war. American Style. 8.50 South bank sum- happening. wayne 9.53 mer. A musical Cartoon. 10.00 London. 11.15 and Shuster take an affectionate look Mae West. 12.05 Epilogue.

at SCOTTISH: 1.45 London. 2.15 Farm Gazette. Tom 2.45 3.45 Survival. progress 4.15 London. 5.30 Gra1955 6.00 Popeye. 6.05 war. London. Men of the West: The Naked Spur'. With James Stewart, Janet Leigh and Robert Ryan. 9.30 Hogan's heroes. 10.00 London. 11.15 South Bank sum- mer. 12.10 a.m. Late call.

GRAMPIAN: 1.45 London. 2.15 Farm 2.45 3.40 Tele. progress. phone game. 4.10 5.30 Flintstones, 6.00 London. 7.55 Time "No For Sargeants'. 10.00 Lon- don. 11.15 South Bank summer. 12.10 Person or persona?

PAGE THREE

EAST & WEST

the tonsils) of (or nectar to army were at the gates of Rome, Stalinist veteran Lombardo did the Papacy abandon feudalism Radice, archpriest of the Party's to its fate.) communion with 'progressive' ACLI's i clergymen. move leftwards has not been achieved without some At a 'round-table' organized at dissention. conference he the performed duet in honour of 'structural re- The Italian Bishops, led forms' Diez Cardinal Poma, have opposed the with Jesuit priest Alegria, according to whom: from Christian separation "The Christian Democrats and the Church heir- Community committed a social and historical archy, and a 'moderate' minority remains organized within sin in the 19th century: it ac-

ACLI.

cepted the bourgeois-liberal con- But the blessing of His Holi- of ception individual private ness remains, if a little muted.

property as the basis of the and political economic, The official Vatican newspaper order. 'L'Osservatore Romano' reported (In extenuation of Mother conference in neutral the terms, Church it should be added that and sources close St Peter's she 'sinned' under extreme throne indicate that mass duress: only when, in August excommunications are to be 1870, the troops of the nationalist expected. ing the finding of the Salonika But it insiould be pertically convicted murderer. police that the left-wing MP Gregorio Lambrakis had been imp noble to have him back, he killed in 'a road accident', whilst not be short Dlaces to in the proceedings that followed stay. As well as his pheasant- it became clear not only that infested private island of Spet- Lambrakis had been assassinated, sopoula, he has a villa in Ber- but that high officials of the muda, castle with all mod regime were implicated with ex- d'Antibes in cons at Cap the treme right wingers in the crime.

south of France, a large chalet recently And more he has three-floor luxury apartment in provided cover for murders the St Moritz., Switzerland, of the Centre Party MP Mandi- New York, a palace on the plush laras ('by drowning') Faubourg and the Honoré Paris Communist Party MP Tsaruchas and a long lease of half a floor attack'- ('from heart -whilst Claridge's Hotel, London. being taken to jail in a police And if exiled among the in- car). ternational flesh-pots, he will not be short of friends. Through the late Eugenia (daughter of millionaire ship tycoon George Livanos) he is ex- brother-in-law fellow ship- owner Aristotle Onassis. After divorcing Livanos' other daughter Onassis passed, by way Italian operatic of an affair with soprano Maria Callas, the into of Kennedy. arms Jacqueline Onassis has equally close (if less romantic) relations, via Bos- ton oil millionaire Tom Pappas, and Vice-President Spiro Agnew, i Nixon with the Niarchos is also close Niarchos acquaintance of the Greek royal family, exiled in London. He visited King Constantine in Having thus proved his Rome in December 1967, shortly dentials, he has also been chosen after the failure of his attempted by the colonels to represent them the inquiry the palace a peacemaker into

CUD

murder of the Cypriot ex-Minis- from the colonels. ter of the Interior, Gheorkadzis. It was therefore no great sur- prise when his commission con- cluded that Eugenia Niarchos' death was due solely to an over- of drugs. dose Within a few davs Niarchos signed with the an agreement government whereby he received rights to exploit the exclusive Aspropyrghos oil refinery viously state property), two- thirds share in the refinery itself, and a large reserved quota for the transport of crude oil from the Middle East. Eugenia Niarchos In return ne undertook to in- vest $250 million in the Greek over the next seven The acquaintance was cemented economy years. by substantial royal holdings in And within a month of his enterprises. some Eugenia's funeral, on June 6, he Aside from the present epi- Minister of was joined by the Greek sode, shipowners have Economy Makarezos, one of the every reason to feel grateful to three architects of the colonels the colonels regime. coup, at the launching, from his Before the coup the Greek shipyards at Scaramangas, of a merchant marine sailed largely huge floating dock named under flags of convenience 'Eugenia S. Niarchos'. (Panamanian, Liberian, Lebanese Having deposited bail of a few etc.) and were thus able to ex- thousand dollars, Niarchos ploit the crews to the maximum now thought be cautiously with long hours, harsh discipline, cruising outside Greek territorial low wages and casual safety regu- waters in his luxury yacht the lations. 'Creole'. Now they can do all this, He has every faith in the desire with even greater convenience, of the colonels to drop whilst flying the Greek flag, and charges against him, if only be- the 3,000 ships of Niarchos and would be • it inconvenient his fellow millionaires proudly for them to organize their plans arry the blue-and-white evidenc for the economy in conference f their patriotism

JUST OUT

NEW PARK PUBLICATIONS

A TROTSKYIST ANALYSIS

BY ROBERT BLACK

EW PARK PUBLICATION

PRICE 22sEd 86A Clapham Hiah S

PAGE FOUR

WORKERS PRESS

Ward ten years ago NE , prob- would have had counter-revolutionary bureau- more "They want to embellish it By or rather, lack Hume can Conclude futur Bill wil it do" "anyehing to scare Hunter suggested brider tune this week [Atkinson a leading THE EMPLOYERS and the Tory government have scored two important victories in the past North- period. One was the collapse of the dock strike

TO ALL TRADE

West and the other was the lifting of the blacking of 'Regret' Pilkington products on Merseyside docks.

engineering wo then a stune 19 gains.

In both cases, they took the measure of the trade and, steward union leaders ano operateo acues vasea on an under• standing of the men they had to deal with.

the used of titops on the doc corkers must place no con Soners Rewing for beet on the dock because union leaders and eventual mounting in. es these ly see doc open strategy is provide BIrkenhead • words o canisit to employmene enould ers 6° Sachetants spire But the Challenge these necteen dence Then had argin tente puf and the democratiation rights employment of 000000 hell unemployedment emplos Advisers hie decision Workers' Union headquarters during their seven-week black Municipa Disgruntled glassworkers ransack the St Helens General and changed. mained victimizednt men re a mistake rallied struggle against had oceans the were in the eXcuse to withdred. rein- union stated by Stoppare call Acid test a base for the managed while inere i no con fusion tacted, that all Priking n leadershen re. GLASGOW district committee The fight for blacking has This their of the Amalgamated Union of Rich means set ma become an acid test for trad unsuccess for Pilkington's will their vital engineering and rounary that workers has unanımously de cided to send a resolution to their EC calling for a one-day pie comes up against in • Tor anytie ciple stoppage or members through kind of leadership out the West ot scotland militancy. Such complacency against the closure of two Sterne (Prestcold) factories in the action-

AUSTRALIAN LETTER

and the Stalinists ulasgow Worst fears confirmed Sister Stop aRe Against s the scout the countes. held

BY AIR MAIL

Although union leaders

• FROM PAGE ONE

disappointment at

PAR AVION

man the Covered retreat the government Pitial are repared to take Trade unionists must acce fused to return to work after Pilkington * sandst ung industry to 'Watched'

• FROM PAGE DNE

sociation says i a sars. Association says usual Ter a to indee anail ofter i workers of Sydney sinker hasent re wicked workers organization of seat sel threaten in advantage sands at mere comployment piecew interesting ek (£1 85) pared assh eats i child endowmen® leader opposition Labo treats • Party Water Lewit bas pad tibe reschives (Common a is Budger and destroy th this factorie which has

LATE NEWS

i hat han co a Pring or proach ight for the black the

REJECT FORMULA

position in the past ore or it wil not be bet Australian Tories in has a facted the budie should not tool the worker Gregory Linwood roning a visit by It is important to replace Gregory. comedian climb-down

BY A FOREIGN RI

vorton toid tne Australli a that morning should through so seeds of thousand e the offer. The ficials spee second stanisters and anan Worker. Nationate service, and hunt reconsider a ente was the best offer they could workers on strike. Saturday, September 5, 1970

SPAIN

BY A WORKERS PRESS CORRESPONDENT

THREE THOUSAND miners are locked out in the Asturian coalfield (northern Spain).

The employers' action followed a walk-out on Tuesday by 1,000 miners after three of their com- rades had been killed by

• FROM PAGE ONE

a pit accident the previous day. tame the Palestine libera- The disaster occurred in a tion movement continues. privately-owned mine in Can- Hussein In Amman, is Narcea, but many of gas de working to isolate the guer- those who stopped work are rillas, avoiding an immedi- employed by the state-owned ate fight to a finish.

HUNOSA

• Demand The HUNOSA management issued a statement after the After the Jordan govern- walk out: ment's rejection' of the Iraqi threat to intervene in

NO LINK

guerrillas defence the of against the Jordanian army, 'We are really very sorry Hussein has demanded the about the accident [the Franco withdrawal of the 18,000 regime, which owns HUNOSA, Iraqi troops now in Jordan.

killed three striking building The situation in Amman workers Granada only last in is to be discussed today at month] but we do the meeting the Arab ot any link between that private League, representing the company [where the accident Arab states and the

HUNOSA,

occurred] and Palestine Liberation Organ- state company. izations. 'We cannot accept as reason- It was convened able the failure to Nasser at the request come to work for events Al Fatah. outside our first company and the area we are This will be the exploiting' the meeting since céase-

HUNOSA

then demon- fire began attended by both Arab which strated their 'sorrow' by states accept declaring the 'Rogers plan' and those September 19. lock-out until who have so far opposed it.

Further signs of After discussion with moves the by the Arab leaders to dent 'syndicates', state - controlled guerrilla movement which falsely claim lo rep. came yesterday, when the Spain's workers, Lebanese government asked 'compromise' was arrived at. guerrillas to pull back from The would lock-out still the Israel-Lebanon border. operate, but only until the Interior Minister Kamal 14th: that Israel Kumblatt said this would avoid giving

SUSPENDED

excuse for reprisal raids 'All workers who collec- on S Lebanon. tively and without justification turn up for work not on September 1 are suspended

CRANE BAN

without until the 13th pay inclusive of this month. 'Those

IN HULL

workers who did come to work that on day may take their holidays and HULL docks' stewards yester- apply for unemployment pay day threatened to operate an from the local Ministry of the overtime ban port Labour. The unions [sic! want employers take action against to emphasize the need to crane drivers refusing to work restrain absenteeism caused without supervision. by accidents in local pits? The supervisors struck HUNOSA and their 'union' Thursday because they will be stooges are not alone in this paid less than the cranemen concern. under Devlin Phase Two. As reported previous Yesterday, the port super- numbers of Workers Press, the fight for productivity is intendent stated that the being waged against the crane drivers' would lose Asturian miners by technicians whole returne day day's unless the and experts from both Poland work to by and the Soviet Union. 1 p.m. The Spanish working class will draw its own conclusions from this alliance.

ALL TRADES

UNIONS ALLIANCE

Productivity

MEETINGS

SOUTH-EAST LONDON: Sunda

• FROM PAGE ONE

Kerfiel e. Camberwell sentemer Treen. The Tories and the unions.

Grove Lane 'A man driven near his limit Green. thinks that more money will EDINBURGH: Sunday, September solve rarely does Problems, his but it Edinburgh Council races Club Albany street The junior hospital doctors, 'The Tories and the trade unions' he recently points out, re. large pay 'but ceived rises, BEr I SAM Teenlington Septem- this has done nothing to les- Corner Bromsgrove Bristol sen the strain of the excessive 'Trade unions - the vital hours that many of them question'. work'. September Though he concludes

HULL:

Wednesday, 9, that the should unions spend *Unemployment and the unions' money on studying the best

ATUA

Speaker: Trevor Parsons, national committee. means to maintain a man at efficiency maximum over

SOUTH-WEST

LONDON:

Tuesday long period of time, Professor September 8, p.m. Princes Head Mills' letter is a timely re- Rd, Falcon Battersea. SW1] British Ulster. minder of what productivity arau roons trom Force the Tories to resign'. really means. of Workers Press stands for

LEEDS:

9. September Wednesday complete opposition to all Hall. Upper Foun p.m. rades such deals and insists that the taine St. 'The fight against speed-up fight for higher wages can aloe The clothing industry'. and won without must be speed-up 'strings'. •Workers ries defend the mont 4033st one Tories COVENTRY: Thursday. Septembe 7.30 y:™: significanc Arms, Smith- of the Rolls-Royce DATA lockout'.

WEATHER

A FOREIGN REPORTER

southern and London, SE, central northerr England, and Rain Midlands: Rather cloudy. tics, yet his government malaces 9C 608. hill Nor- has several thousand troops SW Channel ( orlands drizzle England: currently fighting with the Mostly and hill US armed Near normal. forces against anax. coastal 18C (64F). Vietnam. N Ireland: NW Glasgow, The Australian labour Rather cloudy, occasional rain with Whose, dockers hill formal rich Sax. few bright movement, 17C (63F). struck May against on Max. 19c Nixon's war, must take up sional rain. Near normal.

Gregory's case and demand Sunday Monday:

OUTLOOK:

and that he be allowed entry to Unsettled, rain daron righter wind his political work carry on Monday. areas Sunday. unhindered.