Workers Press no. 309

THE DAILY ORGAN OF THE CENTRAL

LIVERPOOL TRADES

COUNCIL PRESIDENT

TALKS TO WORKERS

PRESS ON THE

Charter of Basic Rights THE CHARTER of Basic Rights is the rallying call of the All Trades Unions Alliance to the whole of the working class. By defending the right to strike and to full employment against Tory attack; by guard like seeking to and extend gains nationalization, the health service, council housing and comprehensive education it aims to draw together a - mass movement of workers that will stop this reactionary legis- lation and force the Tories out of office.

The Charter is now being circulated widely throughout the labour movement in prepara- tion for the ATUA's second annual con- ference in Birmingham on December 19.

As yet it is only a draft charter. It is open to amendment and discussion.

Our first comment comes from Liverpool where last year 40,000 workers struck against the Labour government's "In Place of Strife'.

EDDIE LOYDEN is president of the Liver- pool Trades Council, which gave a great lead last week when it passed a resolution calling all workers out on December 8 against the anti-union laws and demanding the TUC organize a general strike to bring this govern- ment down. bend tarter and can't disagree with any of its points. It will have an immediate appeal to the working class because it can be understood readily by everybody. All these rights are important to every worker and they all feel this.

We must now go out to the housewife and say, "The Tories are taking money out of your purse because of price rises".

We must go to the docker in Liverpool, who now has to deal with a near 50 per cent increase in fares and raise the demand of a sliding scale of wages and prices.

We must hammer and hammer away on these issues not only to involve the activists, but until the whole communities are behind -until all workers, housewives, tenants, us- students are in this fight. This is the kind of movement the Tories fear, not the TUC with their eight million bits of paper.

It is vital to fight on all the demands raised in the Charter because you can't take any one of the government's measures in isolation.

To divorce the struggle against the union laws from this total fight would be suicidal.

Why? Because the attacks on the health service, housing, the attempts push up un- employment, are all part of the government drive to weaken people, pass the union Bill and enslave the organized working class.

So what must be the Charter's aim-what is the aim against this of any movement government? It must be to broaden the base of opposition in all sections of the working class on all issues. Here December 8 comes in. As the Trades resolution don't Council implied, we See December 8 in Liverpool as just a day of protest. It must be a launching pad for a Eddie Loyden great campaign with the aim of forcing this out and replacing it government with one which will carry out a full socialist pro- gramme. So we come out with the demand-make and the trade union leaders fight, the TUC get ready for a general strike !

We must expose the trade union leaders and the TUC who say that the working class are not ready to fight or that they need to be educated. tell you, in Liverpool the ordinary 1 can worker is way ahead of Mr Feather. Factories that have never been known to move at all— where strikes are unknown - have voted unanimously to come out on December 8.

The spotlight must be on these leaders they either fight or clear the way for those that will. This is where the clause in the Charter on making the TUC fight is all important. This should be taken seriously.

I can't I have of the say any criticism itself. There may be discussion document and the kind of practical argument over of action to get the campaign programme against the government moving.

But the main thing now for all socialists is to go and agitate, agitate, at every out labour movement. Make people level in the see the connection between the union. legis- lation and all the other reaction- measures of this government.

ary we from tained fanatic tried to murd in Germany. HOME Office papers in Rudi With his wife and two Dutschke's appeal against he has ren Home Secretary Maudling's quietly in Cambridge deportation order have been he is a student at sent to the Immigration Hall. Appeals Tribunal. Part of the case will 1 His case is to be heard in behind closed London during the week some of the evide before Christmas. being kept The former Berlin student from Dutschke hims leader was ordered out of the public at large. the country by Maudling Maudling has when his two-year residence that for reasons of T permit ran out earlier this security' only non-cl year. He is still recovering evidence will be mad workers press The daily paper that leads the fight against the Tory government

INCORPORATING THE NEWSLETTER

MONDAY NOVEMBER 23, 1970 •

NUMBER 309

PRICE 6d THE DAILY ORGAN OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE SOCIALIST LABOUR LEAGUE Tory right wing more outspoken Vietnam £1,250 November Soviet dealing Dictatorship and Fund needs E532 1s 10 • encourages new

AT THE

stands are from the US bombings civil war threat

BY A FOREIGN CORRESPONDENT

IN STRONGLY-worded statements yesterday, China and N Vietnam both denounced the 24 hour resumption of bombing raids on N Vietnam.

Peking The People's again the Daily sala ralas fraudulent nus works for exposed the nature ol Nixons peace offers' in Vietnam:

BY A POLITICAL CORRESPONDENT

antin uring the weekend Capitalist THE TORY government has won a signifi- cant battle against the miners, but it has neglect not won the war to foist the inflationary behind crisis of capitalism on the backs of the working-class.

OBJECTIVE

flood death While Heath has decided to shelve are military boble tive general agreement The ediate exists in both wings of the cenaton ana a statutory wase the movement acting Tory Party on the freeze for the present and con- toll necessity in the to do this, complete unani- centrate on derealing Ine trade unions-with the compliance of on how to do it can mity

BY JOHN SPENCER

with hardly be claimed to prevail.

in an pureducracy. AN INCREDIBLE story of official push back the level of w bungling, regimes in air as paom and dividends." How the CP ary Melvin Pakistan in Laird's clain setbacks tary 1, the secretary broke the recent Before the disaster stuck military miners' strike a head-on from or the indo-chinat the peoples (Nor: Some of the delegates at the NUS conference yesterday.

Ford steps yesterday's have sua

VOLUNTEER

Porkers in l Pakista up MDW and credit wh stand fran and Student rights- ategic mandes cutti to scutty rotte, high way Seven. system nature of the sale bureaucracy пом, however, tion of such a he chiet wiso ca a vital issue which runs Hotel becaust o official's assistance

UNION

Dagenhan situation in the working class dustrial sorcern of body plant torch

PRESSING

BY DAVID MAUDE

Confirmed And 140 miles to the North THREE WEEKEND news items underline the The solderers have been sound Sen Renon hard consistenti international vote in favour of affiliation to the Trades Union decided alleged to Midate late Vietnamese Intimidate th Congress. pee hinter a time What amounts to an inter up to strikes. poisonous metal. amany they tred had mism hold the line.

ACTT

islandsur Crane-slingers The prospect of taking or Paper" smil datets the Tories clas: the from week slan 'But in for tened Stalinists work this tee 1,000-strong Margate NUS Without hera sence of exemplified comrence. 1 union vote down nou cham tail And. 6d-ar

• PAGE FOUR COL. 1

• PAGE FOUR COL. 1

Comes Dec 8 is also reaching Discontent students at All Trades MAGATE on saturday. shelved claim for upgrading.

Drafted Manchester's UrrICIAL backing 1or for Brian B see wagon seins Determined Unions Alliance Education, i enforce cous

OUTLAWING

sit-ins. EXPULSION, Ind Second Annual persistent right. in student rebels. on Frida Conference

BINDING

DiNed Codes of codes tability of it new Ta the scale that threat Cortina. communist. Robens is destiny helping them Discuss frame

'INVASION'

party hoped to one di have

THE CHARTER OF

While claiming th

BASIC RIGHTS

- A must for every trade unionist - as publication Make sure of your copy now.

The right to a job, to strike and No bases-India organize, to retain gains made, Secret Dutschke evidence; to fair prices, to welfare benefits mi any base in real ein the hands of and to decent housing. officials A test of persecution Defend and maintain these rights in a fight to DrIUSI force the Tories to resign.

BIRMINGHAM

Sat. December 19 e Rockefeller Founda- 1 on the came Digbeth Civic Hall, sast remi dord Hashanion More food prices up will have towed in deman • New Yorks Wendel Digbeth 10.30. am Vilkie Foundation. For delegates' or visitors' credentials send 5s Franked a former us Assan Columbia to Alan Wilkins, ATUA secretary, 53 The Hiron, more, arguing Styvechale, Coventry.

PAGE FOUR COL. 6

PAGE FOUR COL. 4

workers press The daily paper that leads the fight against the Tory government

INCORPORATING THE NEWSLETTER

MONDAY NOVEMBER 23, 1970 • NUMBER 309

PRICE 6d. THE DAILY ORGAN OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE SOCIALIST LABOUR LEAGUE Tory right wing more outspoken Vietnam

LIVERPOOL TRADES

£1,250 November

COUNCIL PRESIDENT

TALKS TO WORKERS

Soviet dealing Dictatorship and

PRESS ON THE

Fund needs Charter of E532 1s 10 Basic Rights encourages new • he THE CHARTER of Basic Rights is the US bombings rallying call or the All 1rades Unions Alliance to the whole of the working ciVil war threat markers pret WEIr the the stalinists. raking role of

BY A FOREIGN CORRESPONDENT

Ireland, in Spain and now IN STRONGLY-worded statements yesterday, China and N Vietnam both denounced the 24 hour resumption of bombing raids on N Vietnam.

the inle again Peking "Peone s ean tight, hack against Daily' the Per than spoorsing said raids exposed nunners ivi the traucueni nature of Nixon's 'peace offers' in Vietnam: imperialso has again torn peace editorial congratulatec detnam ese * weekends

BY A POLITICAL CORRESPONDENT

during the Capitalist THE TORY government has won a signifi.

cant battle against the miners, but it has 1 that there neglect not won the war to foist the inflationary suspend raids on the behind crisis of capitalism on the backs of the working-class.

OBJECTIVE

flood death While The Heath nas decided to shelve raids xists in both wings of the deflation and a statutory wage toll Tory Party on the necessity supplies mreeze or me present ano con.

fighting in the South and do this, complete centrate on defeating the trade unani- mity on how to do it can

BY JOHN SPENCER

unlons-wilt me cononance in recent weeks. with hardly be claimed to prevail.

сле union оигеаистасу. AN INCREDIBLE story of push back way oncia. bungling. govern increase ment ineptitude. cratt and and dividends. How the CP callous neglect hes behind Pakistan cyclone the disaster Not broke the only did the official miners' strike s about Tom Bectricity yesterday's on ali indo-china. Some of the delegates at the NUS conference yesterday.

Ford steps Cham ac airfield rounded by the s rest min the forces reso NALIOD In L Student rights- up MDW mersauts tumed t cutine the moone cynical benyl sea throughout the miners i sere take supplies supply route, High- system ounter-revolutionar a vital issue meet Ford's situation in the working class muspension of body-plant torch

PRESSING

serious condition. со трансу eek's Nobn

BY DAVID MAUDE

Confirmed • Menti

LEL

Ganges mr THREE WEEKEND news items underline the around Siem Repressing strike sell-out. hard This is confirmed by Beloffs timely nature of the National Union of Students' vote in favour of affiliation to the Trades Union Nixon's attempt indispensabi which washed a 25-fobt erm credi land was to stand i intensily cola campan wipe

ACTI

the main imperialist powers.

tadie Loyden Stalinists Swore ding It is this Scotland, of inter- nd the a in area. spires return vote down hour claim fai

• PAGE FOUR SOL. 1

Copies signed ony ti

PAGE FOUR COL T

Dec 8 over the MARCATE On Sauda a All Trades stock anno Wilson

OFFICIAL

backing for cy anti-trade union Determined Unions Alliance lation Education', intensifcatied. Day Ford appears determined to enforce ans of television techni protest Work system, both

OUTLAWING

they super in or kar in a for one Party Second Annual

XPULSION

• persisteni Chat Thi Conference all important. signed ode of conder talinist fears

BINDING

more urgent issue of nation ment seem to tre Discuss locu argumen whích th nework

'INVASION'

THE CHARTER OF

is pinint oming straight onto the se But the maye ras intended

BASIC RIGHTS

a letter to Conservatism (Our emphasis.) furiously con - A must for every trade unionist .

Make sure of your copy now.

The right to a job, to strike and Tel 01-720 2000 No bases-India But he sticks by its message What organize, to retain gains made, Secret Dutschke evidence; standards Which to fair prices, to welfare benefits the military bases in and to decent housing. we A test of persecution officials Defend and maintain these rights in a fight to think force the Tories to resign.

hould be summor

BIRMINGHAM

with his wife and two child S taquest sn Sat. December 19 He a sudent st care Example the Digbeth Civic Hall, More food prices up New Yorks Wendell Digbeth 10.30. am For delegates' or visitors' credentials Columbia send 5s i year and ne on time wed Charles to Alan Wilkins, ATUA secretary, 53 The Hiron, Styvechale, Coventry. weeks

PAGE FOUR COL. 4

PAGE TWO

25 years of the United Nations

BY CHARLES PARKINS

THERE IS a certain big US capitalism runs the Inter- Fund national Monetary for factory, in NW London right the conditions CICale When where any govern- you can see on investment ments seem to be risky debtors, the wall in the office a willing to take the IMF's' 'advice', then nasty things large map of the world. can happen to them. It is shaded in various Central Inteligence Alten cof That speciality of the colours, and if you had just Where given it a casual glance you these boys of the the cannot might think it was an old job the masses of workers political map of the world— and peasants have to be dealt with, then the 'heavies' be 'British Empire in red' and US marines, the sent in - the so on; but take a closer look.

Sixth Fleet, the Seventh Fleet, all standing forces by TIne around the world. This factory belongs to a sub- sidiary of the However, as well these giant American corporation; and traditional US enforcers, im- the map on the wall in the office perialism other has developed is a map of the General Motors means of 'protection'. empire countries where they Not only the "Green Berets', factories, subsidiaries, and own specialists in counter-revolution- whole industries. but the Blue Berets ary warfare, of the United Nations Similar maps vide intered on too, have used to enforce the will of world-wide been for the interests Standard Oil, United Fruit US imperialism. the the Chase Manhattan company, General Electric, Monsanto Bank, add them chemicals, and so on up and United States you have imperialism, the strongest in the of the world, and the whole imperialist pack. 'What's good for General Motors is good for the United States' was the saying originating from one of the GM bosses.

With their 'friends' in Con- gress, in the Pentagon and the State Department, it is these vast business corporations whose re- quirements determine the of US policies. Imperialism means giant mono- polies and banks striving to con- trol the world's sources ot ran dominate world materials, to markets, to invest in exploitation of the world's labour be masters of the whole world-wide of capitalist exploitation and profit. Bankers and monopoly capital- ists take interest in profound 'world affairs'. you live, Wherever wherever work, they are very much you interested in you-your wages, welfare, political opinions.

MAIN IMPETUS

That is to say, they are inter- ested the worker in you, irrespective of creed race, colour'-because, whatever their newspapers tell you, they know that you are the source of their profits. In that respect you are quite important person even an though they treat you as a noth- a number clock- ing, card. When the Chase Manhattan Bank published a report on in- vestment nrosnects in S Korea in 1967, it spelled it out as follows: 'In fact, the main impetus for Korea's growth comes from the determination and drive of its businessmen and officials. Americans comment on the dex- In the last article terity and aptitude of Korean we showed workers, who available at how, , over the Palestine 65 1947, the State Department was cash wage rates averaging and 88 by way of day in textiles cents a able to see to ll. cents a day in electronics.

These American domination, that US foreign policy was adopted as UN human characteristics produce industrial results. policy. Since the determination of Together with the policy of the Korean husinessmen and officials Soviet bureaucracy, America's expresed in their dedication of the successful manipulation the availability at to ensuring of her financial colonies votes of the Korean cheap rates ensured the wOt. fateful partition vote Korean dictatorship kers, the the UN- which an organiza- regarded favourably by US -played its 'peace' part Tion lol imperialism. launching the Palestine war.

Like Franco's Spain, and Korea and the In the war in Africa, S Korea is included when Congo intervention, US imperial- the politicians talk about defend- of 'free world'-free ism used domination the for ing UN to make its blue 'peace' flag exploitation. cover for counter-revolu- into a With its world-wide economic tion and imperialist war. US imperialism has to interests, have world-wide political and We can understand some more military power. And as the lead- if we look again at that General US ing imperialist power, the world Motors map the not only concerned with looking which we started. after the world-wide investments of American capitalists, but takes In the middle of the map is a blank white expanse. It is the main responsibility for main- not desert, nor is it unexplored. This taining and extending the waole large area, against the boundaries imperialist is the the world's banker and the world's of which the colours of General Motors policeman. enoure I would like information about

I THE SOCIALIST

LABOUR LEAGUE

below and send to NATIONAL Fill in the form

SECRETARY,

SOCIALIST

LABOUR

LEAGUE,

186A CLAPHAM HIGH ST, LONDON, SW4.

Name Address brought to a halt, is the area Soviet Union, covered by the China, E Europe, N Korea, and N Vietnam. A whole vast area has been torn out of the imperialist system by the spread of revolution.

That revolution began in Octover 1917, in Russia. It was attacked by the combined forces of Britain, France, Japan, USA- all the imperialist powers united in armed intervention to try and crush the young Soviet state.

Ever since then, this has been the one issue on which the rival imperialist powers can be united —their fear of revolution, their hope of 'containing' and possibly driving back and regaining their "lost territories' from that spread- ing tide. That is what the war in Korea was about. Américan went into troops Korea in September 1945, occu- pying the country up to the '38th with a Parallel' in accordance War Department plan, and by with the Russians. agreement Soviet troops which had come into the war against Japan had occupied the country North of the Parallel. There had been underground political movements under Japan- ese rule and a communist guer- had operated. With rilla force the defeat of Japan, local People's Committees were set up through- out Korea. On September 6, 1945, an assembly of these committees and decided Seoul to met in proclaim a People's Republic of Korea. Two days later, the American troops landed. US forces The occupation would not recognize the People's Committees. They established a US military, government.

PROCLAMATIONŚ

General Douglas MacArthur issued two proclamations. In the first it was stated that: 'All powers of government over the territory of Korea South of 38 degrees North latitude and the people thereof will be for the under present exercised my authority ... Persons will obey my orders and orders issued under my authority. Acts of re- sistance to the occupying forces or any acts which may disturb public peace and safety will be punished severely.. The second proclamation de- clared that US military courts would have the right to carry out the death penalty, or whatever other punishment they considered appropriate, they on anvone found guilty of acts 'calculated to disturb public peace or order'.

The assembly which had pro- claimed a People's Republic called for unification of the land reform, the re- country, moval of Japanese collaborators, extension of the suffrage, and the formation of co-operatives. But the US military government in Korea-USAMIGIK— proclaimed 1 1 9 m itself, on October 10, to be the only government in S Korea, and an end demanded to the pro- nouncements of irresponsible political groups. The USAMIGIK officers relied initially on Japanese officials, and then on Korean officials who had collaborated with the Japanese particularly to run the police force. On November 20, 1945, a Con- gress of the People's Republic met, and refused to dissolve itself on American orders--whereupon the US Genéral , commander, Hodge, activities declared its 'unlawful'. In the North, the People's Committees had begun national- ization of Japanese-owned in- dustries. In the South, the US authorities set about suppressing the People's Committees. *Law and order' had to be restored!

In December 1945, the foreign ministers of US, Britain and the USSR met in Moscow discuss the fate of the Korean people. Made homeless by the 1945 US intervention a Korean family sets out to find a new home The US was insisting on division of the country. The Soviet bureaucracy sought a com- promise, and a Joint Commis- sion' was set up. This Commission failed . to reach and in May agreement Mean- 1946 it was adjourned. while, in Korea, the division of the country was becoming reality.

The 38th Parallel became not just a demarcation line between two occupying powers, but front line between two different !

social orders. In February 1946 the People's Committees in the North estab- lished a Provisional Government under Kim il Sung. The follow- ing month, this government in the North introduced an agrarian reform, distributing one half of the land to 725,000 landless peasants. On March 23, Kim il Sung announced programme which he hoped would be adopted by the Provisional Government of Korea, once the Joint Commis- sion had completed its work.

This programme included the day: eight-hour working fixed of minimum wages; abolition child labour; compulsory educa- tion; an end to forced marriages and concubinage; free elections by secret ballot; land reforms; and nationalization of banks, mines, forests, and big companies.

In the South, however, having ordered the disbanding of the people's Committees, the Ameri- cans sponsored a 'Democratic Council', headed by the ageing conservative Syngman Rhee, who had spent most of his life in the United States. Its backing came mostly from landlords and business interests, and it was extremely reactionary.

The US authorities proceeded to stage elections for an 'Interim Assembly', a step towards a separate government for the South. The left opposed those elec-

WORKERS PRESS

tions as being a more perma- nently to divide the country. In any case the elections were held on the same limited franchise as had existed under the Japanese - only taxpayers and landlords could vote. It was a property owners election - and the conservatives won. The jails in the American- occupied zone were filling up Syngman Rhee's political with opponents, as opposition grew to him and his American backers.

The left demanded free elec- tions for the whole country, to of foreign follow withdrawal troops. There were strikes and demon- strations all over the American- occupied South, and in the city of Taegu over 100 people The were killed. US military government suppressed all left- wing movements, and in Septem- ber 1946 it banned all left-wing ow to , papers. The regime which US imperi- alism was imposing was one in which landlordism, corruption and inflation flourished. An opinion poll, held by the US authorities themselves, showed that most people in S Korea felt they had been better off under the Japanese than they were under US rule. Workers' wages in 1947 were worth less than quarter what they had been in 1936!

COMMISSION

A reporter for the American 'Christian Science newspaper Monitor' reported in 1946: 'The People's Republic, com- posed of Socialist and Communist elements, enjoys far more popu- than other single political grouping support The Joint Commission set up by the powers made no pro- gress. The Americans refused to accept representatives of trade peasants' organizations, unions, and left-wing youth movements.

The •Joint Commission was adjourned in May 1946. In June, the Provisional Gov- ernment in the North decided to proceed with the labour law set out in Kim il Sung's programme.

In August it announced the nationalization of mines, fac- tories, railways, banks, communi- cations, establish- commercial etc. Whatever its short- ments comings, the government in the North was carrying out a social revolution. Meanwhile in the South, a former official of the US military government, W. D. Reeve, had written: 'The Korean in the American area was lacking food, clothing and shelter and believed that his fellow man in the Russian- occupied area could not be so as he himself was. badly off became Indeed his condition much worse during the American occupation than it was before but the greatest cause of failure of the American occupa- tion of Korea may be attributed to the inaction of American distributing land authorities in and homes and other real pro- perty to the Koreans. With growing discontent and unrest in the South, and the breakdown of the Joint Commis- sion, the US made its next move in September 1947 — proposing that the Korean question should not be handled by the Big Four but by the United Nations.

The US could be confident, of that, with its immense course, economic grip on most of the member states, it would get its own way.

INTERFERENCE

On November 14, 1947, the UN General Assembly estab- lished a United Nations Tem- Commission on Korea porary

(UNTCK).

that the US was Realizing dominating the UN, and worried that UN interference, if accepted in Korea, could be the pre- cedent for the UN to claim the right to 'settle' other issues, the Soviet Union refused to assist the Commission. The UNTCK reported in fav- elections, in S our of holding Korea alone. This was opposed by sections of the people -- wide liberals as well as the left - because they saw it as a step to making the division of the coun- try permanent, and because the situation in S Korea-with left- wing movements crushed, and many thousands of political the jails, and the prisoners in franchise restricted--was hardly conducive to a free election.

The elections were due on May 10, 1948. Extreme right- wing terrorist groups supple- mented the work of the police, and in the six weeks before the elections some 589 people were killed. A popular uprising in Cheju Do in April was put down severely; a number of villages being raized to the ground. Also in April 1948, representa- tives of a whole number Korean political parties, trade unions, and peasant organiza- tions, from both North and South, met in Pyongyang; and issued a communiqué on April 23, branding Syngman Rhee as a traitor, denouncing American to divide the country and plans attacking UNTCK as being an attempt to deceive the people.

The conference accused the US of planning to make S Korea an American colony; and demanded withdrawal of foreign and unification of the troops country. The elections in the South went ahead - with over 500 people murdered during the election campaign, large sections of the people disqualified from voting, and a whole range of parties boycotting the polls. The right wing won, and the UN commission certified the results as 'a valid expression of the will of the electorate'. Many observers thought dif- ferently; but on December 12, 1948, the UN General Assembly passed by 41 votes to six, a reso- lution declaring this right-wing government, under Syngman Rhee, to be 'a lawful government ... based on elections which weré a valid expression of the free will of the electorate ' and what is more that this is the only such government in Korea' The United States had already recognized the Rhee government in August 1948, as had Nation- alist China and the Philippines.

The US and Syngman Rhee gov- ernments had also made agree- under which American ments firms took over exploitation of gold and tungsten mines. American capital alsö took electrical, import-export, over shipping and other companies in US marines under shell fir Korea. American companies were rights given monopoly on petroleum and coal transport and distribution. The Rhee government might be the only one that was recog- nized by the United Nations, but not the only one in it was Korea. In August, the parties and organizations which had met at Pyongyang held their own elec- tions. Delegates from both of Korea's artificial divisions were elected to form one government, in Pyongyang, which took the name-under Kim il Sung-of Democratic Republic of Korea.

There were two governments, then, in Korea. One was a gov- ernment that gave land to the and nationalized the peasants banks, the mines and the fac- tories. The other was recognized by the United Nations; it was and dominated landlords and it offered businessmen, up the country's resources to exploitation by imperialism.

These were the two Koreas— two different social orders. The geographical boundary could only be an incidental frontline; a civil frontline. The real war division, in Korea as every- where else, was a class division -the 38th parallel was a front- line along which the sides hap- pened temporarily to be arranged, in the class war. In October 1948, there was more unrest in the South, and a mutiny of gendarmery units at Yosu, during which workers and the area set peasants in up revolutionary committees.

In 1949, imperialism suffered a heavy blow-the victory of the Chinese Revolution. Chiang Kai Shek, and what was left of his forces, were chased off the main- and the Communist army land, looked set to take Formosa too, and finish him off-unless his American allies stepped in to rescue him. The Chinese Revolution was a blow especially the US. to American capitalists had owned a considerable stake in China, forward and had looked to expanding it. During the Second World War, an important section of the ruling American class had ressed for the war in the Paci c to be given the main priorit in American strategy. Now, having defeated Japan, undisputed and become the masters of the Pacific, they had shock of seeing the main prize, China, snatched from their grasp by revolution. An opinion poll conducted in America at this time did not Americans whether they ask thought the Revolution in China was a good or a bad thing—it asked them whether they thought the US government could have done more to stop it. Whatever the hesitations of the American government, an important section of the Ameri- can ruling class wanted to have a go at China. Among them General was Douglas MacArthur, who was to command UN forces in Korea.

Another was Secretary of the Navy, Matthews who declared on August 25, 1950: 'To have peace we should be willing, and declare our inten- of ay any price, even the tion, to instituting price war, to compel co-operation for peace.'

Chiang Kai Shek and Syngman Rhee both wanted to involve the US in a war in the Far East. Chiang wanted us to ensure him. commitment to protect Syngman Rhee, who was losing votes heavily, and was frightened of being overthrown, was making bellicose speeches about an invasion of the North, and obvi- ously banking on US support to carry it, out. He was given encouragement by John Foster Dulles, of the who had State Department, America declared that must take 'positive action' in the Far East. Arriving in Korea on June 17, 1950, Dulles gave a pep-talk to Rhee's troops: 'No adversary, not even the under shell fire in Korea strongest can resist you', he told a unit at the front. 'The time is far-off when be not you will able to display your 'prowess.'

The time was not far off. On June 18, while Dulles was stomp- ing Korea, the Chief of the Imperial General Staff, Field Marshal Sir William Slim, was in Melbourne holding a confer- with Australian defence ence chiefs. Strict security precautions observed, but it were was reported that China was among the topics discussed and that *American liaison officers in Mel- being informed of bourne were the decisions'. On the same day, in Tokyo, US Defence Secretary Louis Johnson - another advocate of preventive war' — arrived, with General Bradley, for talks with MacArthur and Dulles. These talks, too, were covered by strict security. A week later, the war in Korea began. At 3 a.m. on June 25, the US deputy representative at the UN, Ernest A. Gross, phoned up sec- retary General Trygve Lie, and reported to him that according to the US ambassador in Korea, N Korean forces had invaded S Korea that morning, and there- fore asked for the Security Coun- cil to be summoned. The UN Temporary Commis- sion in Korea, also reported the war, but wasn't outbreak of really sure who had actually started it. The United States government said that N Korea had started it, and that was enough for the United Nations. The Security Council-at this time being boycotted by the Soviet Union-voted in favour of action to stop the 'N Korean aggressors'. In effect this meant rubber-stamping American action. Truman had already ordered US forces to support the S Korean forces. Whatever the immediate cause of the outbreak of war, whoever 'fired the first shot'-and a lot of the evidence suggests that the Americans were lying-the war was, as David Horowitz in 'From Yalta to Vietnam' says: Monday, November 23, 1970 •... fundamentally a civil war in which foreign powers eventu- ally became deeply involved.

We have seen the class nature of the conflict. According to an , A. Crofts, american Journalist his is why the N Korean force were able to sweep down into S Korea so succesfully. 'The invaders' Russian tanks could easily have been stopped in the hills by a resolute • But millions of S defence. . . Koreans welcomed the prospect of unification, even on Commun- ist They had suffered terms. police brutality, intellectual repression and political purge. Few felt much incentive to fight for profiteers or to die for Syngman Rhee. 'Only 10 per cent of the Seoul population abondoned the city; deserted, and many troops a number of public figures, includ- ing Kim Kiu Sic, joined the North.' The UN invasion force which landed at Inchun, under the command of MacArthur, was an army of counter-revolution.

Having claimed initially that the purpose was only to halt N Korean forces invading S Korea, the USA and its allies in the UN proceeded invade N to Korea. If the UN forces were be defending up. posed to liberating' the Korean people, they used strange methods to do SO.

NAPALM BOMBS

In fact, the methods and weapons used were the ones we might expect to be used in a counter-revolutionary war, to crush the people at all costs-if necessary wipe them out altogether. It was in Korea that the US forces-under the UN flag- first tried out napalm bombings.

Describing effects, the Korean correspondent of the

BBC:

'In front of us a curious standing figure little was legs straddled, crouched, arms held out from his sides. He had and the whole of his no eyes, body, nearly all of which was visible through tatters of burnt rags, was covered with a hard with yellow black crust speckled He had to stand pus.. because he was longer no covered with a skin, but with a crust-like crackling which broke I thought of the easily. hundreds of villages reduced to ash which I personally had seen and realized the sort of casualty list which must be mounting up along the Korean front' The people in S Korea were not treated any different, just because officially they were "allies'. "The war was fought without regard for the S Koreans, and their unfortunate country was regarded as an arena rather than a country to be liberated.

*As a consequence, fighting was quite ruthless, and it is no exag- geration to state that S Korea no longer exists as a country. Its towns have been destroyed, much of its means of livelihood eradi- cated, and its people reduced to a sullen mass dependent upon charity: ['Brassey's Annual, Armed Forces Yearbook.'] There is a lot more that you can read about the UN war in Korea, and probably a lot that remains to be written. What we have shown is how the UN forces were brought into civil war, as an army counter-revolution, and the kind of atrocity and mass slaughter to which this led.

ATOMIC THREAT

Syngman Rhee, the UN's man, boasted that by the end of the war the population of N Korea was reduced from 12 to three million. The UN intervention came to starting a world very near and the Americans did war, threaten, during negotiations, to use atomic weapons. There are still US troops in S and they still fly the Korea, United Nations flag over their HQ in Seoul. According to Wilfred Burchett, "Again Korea', the in his book S Korean troops sent to fight in S Vietnam also go under the UN flag. In condemning UN atrocities in Korea, Burchett, who is a Stalinist, goes on to say that he is not hostile to the UN as an organization, and that it has changed since the days when it was a cover for US aggression in Korea. He thinks that had the new Afro-Asian countries been mem- bers in 1950 'history might have taken a different course'.

Well, next week we shall examine what the UN did in the Congo.

Monday, November 23, 1970 AN ARTICLE by Dr from the old Caesarian-type dictatorial regimes Shugolysky, the Soviet 'expert' Two classic examples of the Latin on 'new style' junta are, of course, America, published in the Brazil and Argentina, where, atter coming to power, the British Communist Party banned military communist and other weekly 'Comment', Nov. lett-wing parties, down cracked the on trade ember 7, marks an im. unions and stepped up the persecution- -and, in the case portant new stage in the of Brazil, the torture-of poli- Kremlin's turn towards tical opponents. the ruling classes of S Awkward facts America. These awkward facts totally ignored by Shugolvsky.

His only reference to Brazil is attack the ultra-left' an on Anxious the to portray which he claims is responsible for the present situation there.

military regimes as 'progres- sive, Shugolvsky The vicious offensive un- contrasts leashed by these regimes on the mainly verbal 'anti- the working do not fit class Shugolvsky's of imperialism' into pattern of military military which can be juntas driven the left by mass regimes in Latin America to popular pressure. today with the openly re- So the bitter experiences of actionary, pro-US dictator- the working-class movement of the two major Latin American ships of the early post-war countries are relegated to period: Stalinist limbo. Jailings 'Among there the military was a deepening dissatisfaction But the jailings and tortures with the policies of the dic- -tators, who wanted to use the Shugolvsky's main is aim force army as a punitive the military to boost regime which came to power in Peru against the people. two years 'ago. Here we find 'junta' 'In the early 1960s a new the which conforms most closely to his ideal, and wave of military coups swept clearly to become the which is Latin America. Military juntas for model all future military backed by or governments were set up in takeovers the Stalinists: one country after another, but 'The re-armament of the they were basically different

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WORKERS PRESS

ARTICLE

BY

ROBERT BLACK

Lima students (left) demonstrate against the military junta. obsolete sters brought up on traditions. Shugolvsky insists that these 'modern thinkers, once they ousted have the old stagers tied to the landed class (as in Peru), will carry through the democratic revolution, solving the land problem and ending the domination of the national economy by imperialism. But nowhere does he state the class nature and loyalties of the Peruvian junta. These, as a recent series of articles in Workers Press have shown, are capitalist to the core. Leaning on the workers and to drive harder bargain with imperialism and feudal reaction, it will round viciously on the working class once it begins to fight for its own socialist demands. Action In fact the Peruvian junta has already acted ruthlessly of against any section the population-workers, students.

A group of Peruvian peasants.

peasants-attempting to carry struggle beyond orward the perialism are related directly the limits established by the the junta's firmness in military regime. independent checking any movement of the masses. Its ability to deal with and wring concessions from im- Bonapartism in Latin New Park Publications

IMPORTANT READING

NEW PARK PUBLICATIONS

A TROTSKYIST ANALYSIS

BY ROBERT BLACK

vailable rom lew Park Publications 86A Clapham High St.. Sw rice 24s post ins America is a noose around the necks of the working class and peasants, and in poor Shugolvsky's article the Stalin- ists are tying the knot even more tightly. (It is important to remember that the Cuban Castro regime was the first openly to praise the Peruvian junta, even while it holds in jail peasant leaders such as Hugo Blanco.) Deal The Stalinist strategy in this explosive situation is as clear as it is deadly. The masses of Peru - and other countries where similar regimes are in power—are to be tied to the : policies of the new-style officer caste, which, the Kremlin be hopes, used can as a bargaining counter in its deal- ings with US imperialism.

This we can deduce from Shugolvsky's article, where he writes: "To my mind the situation in Peru is favourable to a gradual rapprochement between military and the working masses. In Peru the civil mis- sion of the military has spread outside the narrow propaganda aims set forth by the Penta- all important for both the Stalinists--and the imperial-

PAGE THREE

'General Torres seems to be "new type of mili- exactly the man" Nelson tary which Rockefeller has fingered as Latin America's best social and economic hope.' Stalinists This could be Dr Shugolvsky himself speaking! For his own article concludes with these amazing lines: 'The responsible [i.e., Stalin- ist] revolutionary forces have the a positive programme for army to counteract the false imperialist propaganda ...It is the opinion of the Commun- Parties that the healthy ist forces in the armies must play an important role in the liber- ation movement and in effect- ing deep social change. "The Communists strongly oppose vulgar anti - military views, and manifestation of sectarianism in relation to the military, because these simply add grist the to re- actionary mill.' (Emphasis added.) From now on, declares this Kremlin publicist, the Com- munist Parties of Latin America must not only act as apologists for military rule, but actually clear its road to power. Their task in countries where such regimes already exist will be to track down and denounce workers, peasants and students struggling against military rule and for a final settlement of accounts with imperialism and its national agencies. For Shugolvsky makes it quite clear. Opponents of mili- tary rule are 'sectarians' with 'vulgar anti-military views'.

This, then, is the Kremlin's counter-revolutionary strategy for Latin America, a blueprint that has been applied with such tragic results for the the Middle Asia, East and Africa. Position But the crisis of im- very has brought perialism which the Peruvian and Bolivian regimes to power is also gener- forces ating the which can overthrow them, as the move- ment in Chile (at present re- flected in the election of Allende) shows. their In overwhelming majority, the masses of Latin America have made clear they desire the defeat of imperialism.

down for such a role by the By publishing Shugolvsky's US. treacherous article, the leaders The 'Washington Post' of the British Communist Party writes of October 10, 1970, make clear where they stand Bolivia's new rulers: in that fight.

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PAGE FOUR

a public debate with the Stalinists?

Capitalist neglect • declare a national emer and food and medicine fill out end Cox's Bazar, 100 miles evidence coat ine inland to higher ground Two-thirds This muld have saved per one victim corrupted by Us add completels on We Pakistan and ce companies force men whic allocatio have ben sent into tected as order 10 get capital that hundreds of ration nds of corrupted milany densi and ere Vietnam

• FROM PAGE ONE

endorsement of the US European Security Conferen -that gives sues of the day

SOLIDARITY

workers" revolu Formin for the victory of t colonia per the defence of the agalnst attacks of the Tories

LATE NEWS

"JO CARLI rUN

STUDENT PAY

(See page one photo andritains presentor Students which wanted to scrap ire grant ninimum negotiations 00 Snion i talks cation THE London Region of the rational Socialists engaging in with the Stalinists? capitalists' The state 'Socialist Worker' for Nov- ember 21 announces that Roger Protz and Duncan Hallas (IS) will speak Monty Johnstone with (Communist Party) and Barney Davis (Young Communist League) on Strategy for Socialism'. Between Stalinists and Marx- ists, strategy 1s certainly not a matter for debate. Stalinism is the principal anti-revolutionary force on the world arena. The only purpose in appearing on platforms where Stalinist representatives are present is to fight Stalin- ism. The state capitalists organ-

CONFIRMATION

of the ize this debate because they dangerous political defeat- have something in the common ism of International the with Stalinists the Socialism group (stressed in on question of strategy. Workers Press over the last week) came last Thursday Both agree that the fight night at meeting of the against anti-union laws be University Socialist Bristol restricted to protest on Society, called to discuss December 8 and that the trade action against the Tory anti- leaders union should not be union laws. forced to mobilize the unions leading IS member in towards general strike to Bristol said his group force the lories to resign. started from the assumption Neither demands. the bringing that the laws would prob- down of the government. ably reach statute the This is the of the books. result state capitalists' perspective of capitalism without major This brings them round to the Stalinist conception that the line of the Stalinists and pressure can persuade the the state capitalists. Tories to adopt the liberal policies which were possible First we have the left during the boom of the 1960s.

phrases: •December 8 must be the only beginning Both the Communist Party oI a More strikes, campaign. and the state capitalists lobbies and demonstrations opposed to the mobilization must follow'. we must of the working class in united involve all workers the 1n struggle force the govern- to ment to resign. campalen . . But how? What about For all these reasons, forcing the leaders to union debate on strategy between mobilize the mass movement?

the Stalinists on the one hand What about a general strike and the IS, who call the Soviet to bring down the Tory gov- Union capitalist country, ernment? Nothing, nothing makes perfectly good sense.

whatsoever. Instead, we must wait until AND Nonist NOW the re- the unions have been demo- of cratized! «Red the Mole'; of Tariq All's organ involve 'In order to the 'International Marxist Group', mass of workers in the trade show their political colours. unions as national organiza- While the state capitalists tions, we must have a massive snuggle 'closer to the Stalin- of trade union ists, so the 'Red Mole' makes democracy. As long they as advances to the state capital- feel they influence cannot ists. decisions, the mass of workers Reporting a recent debate will be indifferent their to between Tony Cliff and Ernest trade unions. Mandel, they sulk about Cliff's And they go on to outline lack of theoretical seriousness various proposals for the and plead: regular election of officials, 'We hope that this debate lower salaries for these typical of IS's real was not officials, etc. positions and that the debate between IS And then: and the Fourth International (i.e., the Pabloite If these steps are taken, revisionists to whom the IMG workers will really feel they is attached) can increase in are fighting to defend their depth, clarity and comradeli- organizations. Once the ness.' tremendous of the Dower Very touching, to be sure !

working class is involved in the fight But behind all this smooth against the Tories, then Heath 'English' table-talk there is will stand no absolutely chance chacks of succeeding deadly in his going and relentless attack on those Marxist principles which are

NOTHING

so fundamental to the building of the i revolutionary alterna- tive. could more clearly indicate the

MARXISTS

"clarify ' IF their relation io dangers to the working class the from middle-class this state capitalists, who grouping. oppose defence of the gains of Revolution and It is absolute nonsense the October to oppose the building of a Bol- say that the workers are indifferent this will shevik leadership, to their trade lead to surely not greater unions'. It is precisely their 'comradeliness' but the on attachment to their unions contrary to a clearer under- which makes necessary the Tory attack, standing of the need to smash and which is the the of the state basis for the revisionism great revolu- capitalists. lying tionary struggles immediately ahead. But again there very good reason for the willing- To say i the struggle must debate and to get ness to wait until the are unions 'comradely'. reformed is to justify to 'Red Mole's' If we turn cowardly running away from analysis of the anti-union laws the fight against the Tories, fight and how to them, we and, above all, to avoid the find that despite slight differ- force struggle noW to the formulation, the of trade bureaucracy ences union to IMG is behind 100 per cent mobilize the unions. By saying that the workers are indifferent to their unions, 'Red Mole' lets these leaders officials will start investiga- off the hook. Instead it calls in- tions into trying to get on those (presumably a small creases in discretionary grants, minority) who oppose the Bill which mainly affect 16 to 18- to form local Trade Union year old students. Action Committees. He rejected claim for This, like the 'Councils of immediate action to try to Action' which the state capi- award scrap the discretionary talists talk about, is just and substitute it with system formula to avoid fight standard grant for all stu- the trade union 'We must do one thing dents. bureaucracy. at a time' he said. All these middle-class pushed by groups are the

NIXON EFFIGY BURNED

of sharpness the class con- About 80 Indian students into the of frontation arms burned an effigy of President the Stalinist bureaucracy, the Nixon outside the American main agency inter- embassy in New Delhi yester- national labour movement for day in the holding protest against back the working resumed bombing of N Viet- class and enabling the capital- nam. ists to through their carry Police guarded the embassy attacks. the students shouted It slogans outside. is time for every Workers Press supporter to step up the fight against Stalinism and revisionism, Registered as newspaper Workers the and to mount a nationwide Office. Published

HOST

campaign to force the trade Press, 186a Clanham High Street, London. S.W.4. union leaders to fight the gov- Printed by t. London: Plough Press the ernment on anti-union 1806 Clanham Hish Street. laws. S.W.4.

WORKERS PRESS

• FROM PAGE ONE

SOD is te onyanswer to inflation. As one it: without contract Heath is underestimating of the slavily crisis ana unal untess immealate denagonary measures are taken. the racialism, pect or unleashing ords to extra are mentary up a partist WIll cede into the distance. It Is out ollis • ConLexI appreneusion ana unal Mi Powell nas once again emerged last weekend- significantly in the Scottish US-Europe 'trade war' —report

BY CLIFF SLAUGHTER

PROSPECTS of a trade war between the US and the Com- mon Market will increase if The that "Force the Tories *nunnic of Action' reformist which the IS are calling Britain joins the 'Six', says a was were nobilize slogan the Torie report published today by the shop stewards' the Billiter the would British - N American Com- back the ment passant social mittee. would carry ucmocrals. who Socialist Young student betrayals Committee Society members caled Tol works cass Protectorsl nicasures would more con- Stewares to take nart Americd an a ascriminalors campaign to force the union revolutionary ducive Dracuces CurODe Could call the Tories said, if the create new problems between strike to force through. the two. iffering on more revolutionize Theodore Geiger bring writes students that the danger Uut of the "VIcIous spiral of mutual 1933 Stalinist slogan: retaliations member said Anoler IS Alter muer, our turn . ncreased by America will be against greater o all walduidll capulls Portuguese Sailors fight Franco mercenaries sailors SIX French are in NW police military hospital in Vigo, free in which police opened invade French Navy warships in Vigo 100 sailors A policeman was clubbed over head with bottle Guinea Harvour

LOOK

Darl fractured. value on saturaay nient. the Civilians joined the sallors Muntar pollce nave cancelled rocks at the police throwing leave and ordered

FOREIGN

sailors back their mercenaries wrench attempted over- ships Warning shots in the air government battle failed began when disperse the throw crowd Spanish police intervened to Guinea, radio and police then opened direct stop a fight. Conakry, tue Capital, Calmed. An official broadcast said the mercenanes. backeu Portugal. nao come malay neighbouring trom guese Guinea. Touré President Dekol nounced he was taking per- command Conakry's defence and said interior to defend troops their rom the capital. Guinea, rich in ine valuabl THE most important discussion at the Tenth mineral so tale complained Congress of the Hungarian Communist Party, United Nations about incur- which opens today in Budapest, will not be on

SIONS

Iron where larce the domestic problems of the Kadar regime.

areas have wrested Portuguese imperialsm Attencing the oneress Tanos Instaled the liberation movement 'fraternal delegates' will the ine Kremlin's tanks after

PAIGC.

the Party Secretaries the of 1956 bloody crushing September, Touré said Jnior Germany Hungarian uprising led Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria mercenaries the bureaucray, Schramme of the prin-

VIC

most the Congo They are certain to discuss energetic supporters ot this the progress of the Kremlin's were tams slaltiess Alricans lor an invasion.

campaien ior an all- curopean nas ror usuese panes nave mace collecuive security correr. diplomatic and trade relations number or nights over and has Guinean territory in recent meeting of the Warsaw Pact stepped up its com- recesty powers in March 1969. with the Greek mercial links butcher of the Buda- friend of Franco

• FROM PAGE ONE

Sudene el only be able

WEATHER

will to combat

SCOTLAND,

England will be Ireland and 'firemen' through forging firm the extreme with Halliy develop- InKS Unc aevelodine and sunny at first. but cloudy struggle of the working class ments in universides weatner wit rain. drizzle and in all these countries. But Frankel told his central, col-

TUC

over amilation in itselt leagues in launching the com- and very partial ny a ret steadily move step in this direction mittee mal lnere is d lyranny districts dur tea che day bey or opinion in walen proressors NUS president Jack Straw's response to the Cox and Shetland until later even.

views radical share the festo- -the most objectionable in Near elements are attacked and is that which relates prevented from speaking their temperalures in the N but with frost inland university that over collane atast will Decome milder in the S. committee members incuce Ully meeting of bureaucratic minds.

Tuesday Chicago economist Milton out ook Tor Wednesday: Friedman and London School Changeable 1 ne nent to derene stucent Economics rain at times but bright nants is now sebaraole irom Robert Mackenzie and Donald an alternative ine nont tor tem- Macrae. leadership. peratures. British university lecturer based NE busmen strike over has denied that formed last pay sanctions sacking right-win and allis nanced utrillan austry. NINE HUNDRED buses of Friday night at a Newcastle The student German meeting. the Northern General Trans- The four pairs of busmen a letter the of romptoyers port fleet are off the road sacked came League Newcastle, and alter an utimatum to 4.0Ul Associations Chester-le-Street. busmen to send money to the witnaraw a ten- CrOUD. sat National firm's ultimatum said Freedom week ban be Lut overtime : officials of the oclence. anstanty sacked. General Eight Workers had recommended

LINKS

men were early on saturday morning for return normal working ailing to respond to the firm's Attempting rebuttal of VDS o enable new wate talks ultimatum and the to start in London tomorrow.

claims that students associated WILl neo-Tascist гтед vowe The Union's sympanheiy. closing all depots officer, said that attended a league meeting in recional Bad Godesberg last week, despite this the men had Richard Loewentha decided impose Tessor Representatives company's men had said that 'the only thing Northern of have a basic wage of £20 a week.

with the Highlands S sinister trime of * The alim or owels speech ree industries, rights of assembly and demon middie class ainst the trade unions what they more glorion ent and creation. 'It is a duty which confronts ase itis a dut individuals whe bands." their courage Mr Powell's n Bretain and th of civil war Stalinist mis-leaders. the ole concerts to but trade unions and resigil. E Tori additional day tha danger. We say say. Rep My Lai trial implicates whole war machine As IHE court-martial of Lt. William Calley ad- journed at Fort Benning, Texas, at the weekend, it was clear that not an individual, but the whole American imperial- ism's war in Indo-China is the real subject of the trial. My Lai chidam in March 1968 lawyers acting come to the sigin Programme that e highest circles among forces among the American Ds trope are ems. aisguise as Monday, November 23, 1970

BAVARIA

OVER seven million W German voters went to the polls yesterday to elect the Diet (regional parliament) of the most southerly region, Bavaria The election comes at the end of a campaign marked by

BY A WORKERS PRESS

the reactionary and

CORRESPONDENT

demogogy nationalistic Toser Franz the part of Strauss, leader of the main He her of azi rupin employers' party a number of i in the area, groupings, thế Christian and Social Union the slightly more discreet

(CSU).

backing of the powerful and Catholic wealthy Church Strauss has become the W machine in Bavaria. German employers' main agent in collecting middle-class and In the hope that his base there can lumpen elements for be converted into a use against the organized working national movement number of W Germany's largest mono- class. polies including the

BMW

His beer-hall speeches whip firm and the Bayer them up with displays of the have given paper combine and crudest anti-communism him massive financial support.

wild attacks on the govern- Social Democratic ment of Chancellor Brandt for 'aban- doning' the territory of US 'sympathy' Germany in agreeing the Oder- Neisse frontier with Poland.

*Law and order' is another for Israeli favourite theme, with promises to 'save the father- land' from the 'left-wing vio- arms request lence which threatens to engulf it'. CAIRO daily 'Al Ahram' yes- Attitude terday released details of the new arms deal under discus- Strauss's own attitude to between sion Israel and the violence was revealed in his United States. recent statement in New York: Already the Zionists are due mean to win freedom, justice and a pleasant life for to receive military aid worth the German people-if neces- £208 million during the current financial year. sary by means of a machine- gun. Their requests for more Whatever is necessary *will be arms considered by raise a rabble from the most Washington with sympathy', backward elements in society, according to US State Secre- Strauss will produce. tary William Rogers.

PUBLIC LECTURES

Elements of Marxism The importance of Marxist philosophy in the building of the revolutionary party.

Lectures by M. Banda (Editor of Workers Press) Hall, Whitney Chambers, Fanshawe Ave, BARKING: Co-op 8 p.m. Mondays. November 23 and 30. NEWCASTLE: Hotspur Hotel, Haymarket. 7.30 p.m. Sunday, November 29. Lectures by C. Slaughter (Central Committee member of the Socialist Labour League) SWINDON: Eastcott Hotel, Manchester Rd, 8 p.m. Wednesdays.

December 2, 9 and 16. LIVERPOOL: Royal Institution, Colquitt St (nr Bold St), 7.45 Wednesday, November 25. p.m. OXFORD : Northgate Hall, 8 p.m. Thursday, November 26.

Lectures by G. Healy (national secretary of the Socialist Labour League)

SOUTHAMPTON :

Polygon Hotel, the Polygon, 7.30 p.m.

Sundays. December 6, 13 and 20.

BEXLEYHEATH: Roberts Hall, Christchurch, Broadway, 8 p.m.

Tuesdays. December 1, 8 and 15.

ACTON: Oddfellows Hall, Fletcher Rd, W3. 8 p.m. Thursdays.

December 10 and Lectures by P. O'Regan (SLL) BALHAM: Co-op Hall, 47-51 Balham High St, SW12. 8 p.m.

Mondays. November 30 and December 7 and

A WORKERS PRESS PAMPHLET

by BERNARD FRANKS Meusure and r ll werks cnd tew l Lis..

URGENT KEADING

for every Trade Unionist Packed with information on all types of deals 160 pages Illus. 3s 6d Available from Workers Press, 186a, Clapham High St, London, SW4.