Workers Press no. 34

INCORPORATING THE NEWSLETTER • PUBLISHED FROM TUESDAY TO SATURDAY • NUMBER 34 • THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 1969 SURRENDER TO TUC deal

INCORPORATING THE NEWSLETTER •

'TROTSKYISTS

bid for TUC CHIEF Victor F power in the car industry' the inflammatory ran to bring about the headline in the 'Birming- ham Evening Mail' on the planned London Tr eve of last Saturday's All Trades Unions Alliance As in the miners' Motor Workers' Confer- strike only three weeks ence. ago, Feather stepped in It headed an article by one Pugsley Calvin purporting to prevent the guards to the Trotskyist expose taking action to win menace in the car industry.

Pugsley's article doubt for parity no their claim 'Evening represents the with motormen's mileage contribution to Mail's' the witch-bunt against car rates. workers that spokesmen for guards' have action the employers The been busily stoking up over committee, which had the past few weeks. called the strike on Satur- pot- It the contains usual of facts, half-truths, day after rejecting pourri insinuations and downright London Transport's Is to lies which characterize 7s. 4d. day mileage witch-hunt against every offer-which it described impartial' militants in the "pathetically int- organs of the press barons.

then as The first sentence sets adequate' surrendered "Militant Trotskyist tone : Tuesday to pressure on extremists are stepping up and from Feather the a determined bid for power NUR and ASLEF leader- in the motor industry with a major rally of car workers ships. in Birmingham tomorrow.' The strike movement of The from the main danger appears, Com- ASLEF and guards

NUR

conference, was a result of came about as that it challenged the of the feeling deep resent- Party's 'traditional munist ment concerning mileage leadership of the militant and the fact that the union Britain's rank- left among car workers'. had done and-file leaders nothing the new Having given account of to fight for rates. an Mass of guards the preparations of the con- meetings decided on one-day strikes ference account clearly -an until equal mileage lifted straight from the was pages of the Workers Press won. -Pugsley goes on to 'deal' with the political differ- Condemned Trotskyism between ences and Stalinism. For this they were supplied Pugsley Whoever roundly condemned by his 'information' for with both union leaderships. this section of the article The fight was just as much deserves an award for com- the present pressing so much ignorance against union leaderships as it was against little into So space : the LTB. gulf which The dialectical [!] Now, result of as divides (Trotskyism and pressure from Feather, the opened Stalinism] during movement has been wound the early of the ycals nothing up with new • Revolution when Russian gained, under conditions Leon Trotsky disagreed of confusion and chaos and his fellow Bolshevik with with the capitalist press of leaders on the course given the job and television world revolution—a quarrel of calling off the strike.

that was ultimately to lead to Trotsky's assassina- All the pressure is off the negotiators who tion in Mexico. only started negotiations ten This is a fairly typical sample because of Pugsley's political level.

days of the ago bring the historical strikes. It tries to strike in fact, origins of Trotskyism in the The was, called off on Tuesday after- struggle against the Stalin- when the early shift noon, ist theory of socialism in had down the already gone, con- to one County the strike was still vinced B-feature melo- level of a оп. drama. Who actually convened Pugsley then gets down to the real meat of his job: with the action committee meet- the assistance of anonymous

• PAGE 4 COL. 9 -

'trade unionists' he sets out the traditional to paint

NATIONAL

picture of the bomb-in-hand industrial agitator. "The believe in

TEACHERS

fomenting industrial unrest as a means of creating

STRIKE

climate for workers' revolu- tion', he quotes 'a Midlands

SOON?

unionist' as saying. trade every strike and "They think dispute must have a politi-

THE

National Union of cal end.' Teachers saud yesterday more Not a mention, of course, of than 5,000 Birmingham the real problems facing car teachers will stage a half-day workers - the emn overs' strike next Wednesday in the for speed-up, plans campaign against the Burnham Measured-Day Work and Committee's new pay offer.

penal clauses in every car The stoppage is expected to factory in the country. 450 and close city schools about the affect 180,000 children. Not word 'responsible' The attempts of teachers being are called to a mass demonstra- union leaders to foist this package on the car workers.

tion during the afternoon.

The fight against the em- • See page four for national

• PAGE 4 COL. 7 →

Young Socialists

GRAND XMAS

BAZAAR

Canning Town Public Hall doors open 12 noon Can you sew? knit? paint?

make something for our Bazaar?

give something towards our bazaar?

tin of grocery? jumble? Have you a Help us make this the best bazaar ever held !

Help us raise the money for our daily paper—

THE WORKERS' PRESS

TER • PUBLISHED FROM TUESDAY TO SATURDAY • NUMBER 34

'Victor Feather intervened on Tuesday out the last-minute calling off of the

BY JOHN SPENCER

ndon Transport guards' strike.

F AER LINGOS TRISH

Fights to Gatect Are 2525

WESTWARD AIRWAYS

GATWICK SHUTTLE!

desk at Heathrow Airport. This is part of the sub-contractors General The Westward AirwayA vation Servicts to Airpowers are of thing.

Airport British Titan, Billingham workers continue

BY DAVID MAUDE

SHOP

STEWARDS

at London's Heathrow air- port have refused to with- draw blacking of the THE STRIKE by 500 Transport and General Workers' General Aviation Services, Union (T&GWU) members at British Titan products, Canadian ground the Billingham, has been made official by the union.

handling company awarded At a mass meeting a contract there. By our Industrial reporter Stockton last week, the men kersport niod and return made three statement stating work would take place only that it was astonished to hear Workers' (renaral senior stewards if the seven men sacked ten the had officially have rejected British Airports mimbers davs ago under a new pro- demand for walking scheme were le- existing agree agree-, denance three days to halt the black- instated. there would ana annear to be 102. decisio hearine On union's atte DOlDT

• PAGE 4 COL. 8 →

entering into acements at management theme men utain" men claim • that : the productivity was ending October walked on and when sacked men's Jobs. Encouraged their de- by cision ine men the nicket line to ner. man suade incoming lorries —Says scrum half turn back. The firm's goods have heen TEFF PALMER, the New- found guilty of disturbing the by Middlesborough higeror peace at the Oxford university.

bridge scrum-half, has an- dockers. Soringhoks match last Wed Now that the strike should nounced that he has made ›fficial we nesday. himself 'unavailable' for the He said he would appeal ive this warning Gwent tezm to play the The feeling against conviction. amongst South African Springboks at at the is the enta do A year old man men and Ebbw Vale next Wednesday.

court the end pleaded Coat possessing offensive productivity deals. and said that he did

• PAGE 4 COL. 1 →

not think he WaS near selection for the cide thought I had better make my views known beforehand'. Release Inacio Palma He said that he felt strongly and would apartheid and watch a not even INACIO PALMA, a lead- Springbok game. the cocialict ing member of the Portu- join the Portuguese with guese League for Unity of Disgust Revolutionary Action, 'I think by playing under arrest gains now Spring or going to that he, along Madrid, is in immediate Wall showing boks vou • he opponents are of extradition to da neer apartheid". regimes of Snain and Portu.

CunDOrt TOr Portugal, where he faces explained. gal, be released at once.

life imprisonment. 'But if refuse to you sou are stoo stay Demonstration The Portuguese Students' demonstration calling ng your disgust.

PHILIP

for Committon in Palma's release will cront hritain has by calar for inter. hold the Portuguese Apartheid lational campaign to secure Committee. Studiantc bound his release he is de- Sunday, November ported to imprison- Hyde Park, Corner, London.

assembling for a year at ment in Portugal. Tuesday after being sex. The daily organ of the Central Committee of the Socialist Labour League

NO. VER

JAN 31 1970

PRICE Gd. New move by company on Vauxhall

VAUXHALL

MOTORS

having recalled all 16,000 workers at its Luton, Dun- stable and Ellesmere Port plantsmay well be putt ing into operation the next stage ora man to force through its notorious new Callaghan on immigration DroQuCElVIt roposals the reports accorame received by the Workers Press. Through the On Tuesday, 40 workers the with a walk- ut for a meeting with sho Powell hoop stewards at the end of last weck. der ther By a polltical correspondent plinary procedure brought the most TUESDAY'S Commons on immigration debate striking proof so far of the Tory Party's wholesale swing towards the policies of Mr Enoch Powell. Powell's statements-believed to be his first on this issue in parliament-were separated from those of the Tory front bench only by their demagogic phrasing.

which leadership tory

MRS

Test ground Strategic summer obediend trough Powell's political hoop.

GANDHI

arms talks Mr Tames Callaghan had

SACKED

annarentv aso been taking -a threat lessons in the art. the suremmen Indira Gandhi Was expelled to China a loophole from the Congress Party. By our foreign correspondent been accused of inten: reement's one bas

THE SOVIET

• monday forming with the ro-Moscow that Deputy Foreign Mini munist Party. Semenor Vladimir comich would. the Soviet already been taken. committed acad The numbers arriving in deleganon to декі WeCK L ois country he prese une walled unde ndian parliament re-opens.

States the limitation control, he said Pianis of strategic arms. with owenly disagreement

GREET

ntroduces I probabilit

WORKERS PRESS

Callaghan? natonal questions arms cont believe

TWO QUESTIONS

Obs hone the Callaghanions laboration must demand the swers Failed alreadyell been at two public meetings See the film of the first issue being prepared and printed and the film 'Young Socialists, 1969' set st selected tage m Sain sil cied bet

OXFORD

Picket line Friday, November 21, 8 p.m.

A.T.U.A:

clash— Northgate Hall St. Michael's Street meetings

33 B.S.R.

OLLERTON (NOTTS)

GLASGOW

'Lessons of the miners' women strike' Sunday, November 23, 7.30 p.m.

Saturday, November 15 held Partick Burgh Hall 1 p.m. nr. Merkland Street underground

PICKETS

flour nearers at hoth meetings willkı threw MIKE BANDA (Editor of Workers" Press) Two Yorkshire miners bombs. and sat down SHEILA TORRANCE (National Secretary of the the road yesterday outside Young Socialists)

NOTTINGHAM

the Better Sound Repro ductions factory in East •What Next for the Kilbride, Lanarkshire,

WEATHER

Miners?' where a dispute over union Sunday, November 16 recognition has been rag- le an or showers e 7.30 p.m. ing for 13 weeks. Lane bas Gedling

ELLESMERE PORT

*Report back from the (54F) MotOr workers Sournere Conference' England, Channe Sunday, November 16 clare of the inspector cloudy Some showers. comits moderate. Warm: 10.30 a.m s. Cold. Forty-four peopl Coaximum 13C (5Sp).

workers press

SURRENDER TO TUC.

INCORPORATING THE NEWSLETTER •

'TROTSKYISTS

bid for TUC CHIEF Victor F power in the car industry' the inflammatory ran to bring about the headline in the 'Birming- ham Evening Mail' on the planned London Tr eve of last Saturday's All Trades Unions Alliance As in the miners' Motor Workers' Confer- strike only three weeks ence. ago, Feather stepped in It headed an article by one Calvin Pugsley purporting to prevent the guards the Trotskyist expose action to win taking menace in the car industry.

Pugsley's article no doubt their claim for parity 'Evening represents the with motormen's mileage Mail's' contribution to the witch-hunt against car rates. workers that spokesmen for guards' action the motor employers have The been busily stoking up over committee, which had the past few weeks. called the strike on Satur- It the usual contains pot- half-truths, day after rejecting of facts, pouri insinuations and downright London Transport's Is to lies which characterize 7s. 4d. a day mileage every against offer-which it described militants in the organs of the press barons.

then as 'pathetically int first The sentence sets adequate' - surrendered "Militant Trotskyist tone : on Tuesday to pressure extremists are stepping up from Feather and the a determined bid for power with NUR and ASLEF leader- in the motor industry a major rally of car workers ships. Birmingham tomorrow' in The of strike movement The main danger from the

ASLEF

NUR

guards and conference, it was edene come result of came about as that it challenged the the feeling of deep resent- munist Party's 'traditional militant ment mileage eadershi . Of eate But In's rank- and the Tact that the union left mong had done and-file car workers'. leaders nothing Having account of to fight for the new rates. given an the preparations of the con- Mass meetings of guards decided on one-day strikes ferencean account clearly straight from mileage lifted the until equal was Workers Press pages of the won. on to 'deal' -Pugsley goes the political with differ- Condemned Trotskyism between ences and Stalinism. For this they Pugsley were Whoever supplied roundly condemned by "information' for with his both union leaderships. the this section of article The fight was just as much deserves an award for com- present against the union pressing so much ignorance leaderships as it was against little into so dialectical Spacef the LTB. gulf which 'The Now, result of [Trotskyism as divides and pressure from Feather, the Stalinism] opened during has been wound movement the early of the years nothing new up with Russian Revolution when gained, under conditions Leon Trotsky disagreed of confusion and chaos and with his fellow Bolshevik with the capitalist press leaders the course of on and television given the job world revolution-a quarrel of calling off the strike.

[1) that was ultimately to All the is off lead to Trotsky's pressure assassina- tion in Mexico? the who union negotiators only started negotiations ten This is a fairly typical sample of Pugsley's political level.

days ago because of the strikes. It tries to bring the historical origins of Trotskyism in the The strike was, in fact, called off on Tuesday after- Stalin- struggle against the early shift when the ist theory of socialism in noon, had already gone, con- one country down to the vinced strike was still level of a B-feature melo- the drama. on. Who actually Pugsley then gets down to the convened the action committee meet- of his job: with real meat the assistance of anonymous

• PAGE 4 COL. 9 →

'trade unionists' he sets out traditional to paint the

NATIONAL

picture of the bomb-in-hand industrial agitator.

TEACHERS'

'The "Trots" believe in industrial unrest fomenting as a means of creating a

STRIKE

climate for workers' revolu- tion', he quotes a Midlands

SOON?

trade unionist' as saying. "They think every strike and must have a politi- dispute

THE

National Union of cal end Teachers said yesterday more Not a mention, of course, of than 5,000 Birmingham the real problems facing car teachers will stage a half-dav employers' workers strike next Wednesday in the - tie for campaign against the Burnham lans speed-up Measured-Day Work and Committee's new pay offer.

in every car The stoppage is expected to penal clauses factory in the country. close city schools and affect 180,000 children. being Not word about the 'responsible' of attempts The teachers leaders to foist mass demonstra- this called to a packare on the car workers.

tion during the afternoon.

The fight against the em- See page four for national

• PAGE 4 COL. 7 →

situation Young Socialists

BAZAAR

Canning Town Public Hall doors open 12 noon Can you sew? knit? paint?

make something for our Bazaar?

give something towards our bazaur ?

Have you a tin of grocery? jumble?

Help us make this the best bazaar ever held !

Help us raise the money for our daily paper—

THE WORKERS' PRESS

TER • PUBLISHED FROM TUESDAY TO SATURDAY

NUMBER 34

out the last-minute calling off of the

BY JOHN SPENCER

0-9АЯ LINO: 18451

Fights to Getrict Arport 2525

WESTWARD AIRWIS

The Wontrard Always daton services, to Airpat. Thers are of te s General sub-contractors British Titan, Billingham workers continue

BY DAVID MAUDE

SHOP

STEWARDS

at London's Heathrow air- port have refused to with- of draw the blacking THE STRIKE by 500 Transport and General Workers' General Aviation Services, Union (T&GWU) members at British Titan products, Canadian ground the Billingham, has been made official by the union.

handling company awarded meeting AT mass a contract there. Stockton last week, the men By our industrial reporter decided that return The three Ters Tensport mind and made statement General work would take place only 'that it was astonished to hear the union con- cAnior stewards have relected if the seven men sacked ten had their members' action the AIrDONES days ago under a new pro- Authority's defance off the site demand for them ductivity scheme were re- to sig si dean to reem the bithin within agree- instated. would and ments little the union's hearing abbean Lo

DOLILL

with decisioh,

• PAGE 4 COL. 8 →

the entering into agreements management them in the "uture'. claim, that. the "he men productivity scheme

WAS

trial ending ther walked off the when the the scabs on Management pur sacred mer's Jobs de- Encouraged their cision men continue the the per- nicket ine man lorries Says scrum half sua ce in comine turn back. The firm's goods have been of disturbing the JEFF PALMER, the New- found guilty Middlesborough blacked Oxford university bridge scrum-half, has an- peace at th dockers. Springboks match last Now strike +hat tha nounced that he has made should official. however, we nesory. himself 'unavailable' for the give this warning. He said he would appeal Gwent team play the conviction. The feeling amongst the South African Springboks at at the men and some of the stewards Ebbw Vale next Wednesday.

end came neaded offensive possessing deals. productivity said that he did weapon and was Palmer, 29, fined f10.

• PAGE 4 COL. 1 →

think that not was neal the ca action tor side hatter make mu views known beforehand'. Release Inacio Palma He said that he telt strongly and would against apartheid even and watch a INACIO PALMA, a lead- The Workers Press and Springbok game. ing member of the Portu- the socialist with the Portuguese guese League for Unity of Disgust students in Britain in con- demning the the persecution of Kevolutionary I think by against demand playing now under arrest watch Spring boss yo to Madrid, is in immediate showing you are ascist you! of extradition to •oponent. danger apartheid, and Portu- upport for rerimes of Spain Portugal, faces where he To anner go be reeser ar once. 'But stay life imprisonment. you away or Demonstration play, you reTuse to are Will e demonstration The Portuguese Students' disgust. chairman for Committee Great Britain Palma's re ense held the Portuguese of Wembley and Harrow Anti has called TOr inter- Apartheid Movement. was Committee tudente 30, bound over to keep the peace his release before he is de- Sunday, Novemhor for a year at Felth at Feltham Middle- ported to certain 2.30 Hyde Park, Corner, London.

assembling being ment in Portugal. sex, on The daily organ of the Central Committee of the Socialist Labour League

JAN 31 1970

PRICE 6d. New move by company on Vauxhall

VAUXHALL MOTORS-

deal having recalled all 16,000 workers at its Luton, Dun- stable and Ellesmere Port plants-may well be putt- ing into operation the next stage of a plan to force productivity proposals, Callaghan on immigration according to the reports received by the Workers Through the On Tuesday, 40 workers une company s LuTOr plant were interviewea and warned by 'the managemeni in connection with a walk.

out for a meeting with shop Powell hoop stewards at the end of last The art on ord bard binary the coreany's disci By a political correspondent TUESDAY'S* Commons debate on immigration brought the most striking proof so far of the Tory Party's wholesale swing towards the policies of Mr Enoch Powell. Powell's statements-believed to be his first on this issue in parliament-were separated from those of the Tory front bench only by their demagogic phrasing.

But it was not only the Tory readershit Wildi

MRS

Strategic jumped obediently through

GANDHI

rowell's pollucal oop arms talks inten apparea also beeh ta kind Mr James Callaghan

SACKAD

-a threat Tories to China Assullns ne indira Gandhi the plant By our foreign correspondent ng Britaiop censen he collaboration confirmed Monda that Deputy Foreign Mini- Vladimir en takeecisions ha would • head the Soviet delegato this co disco aurants the action e under indion parliament reopens.

limitation control, he said.

GREET

rica

WORKERS PRESS

Coffee hat?

TWO QUESTIONS

against must demand the ans wels. were Failed The Soviet-Chinese negotiations at two public meetings See the film of the first issue being prepared and printed and the film 'Young Socialists, 1969'

OXFORD

Picket line Friday, November 21, 8 p.m.

A.T.U.A:

clash— Northgate Hall meetings St. Michael's Street

33 B.S.R.

OLLERTON (NOTTS)

GLASGOW

'Lessons of the miners' women strike' , November 23, 7.30 p.m. Sunday, Saturday, November 15 held Partick Burgh Hall 1 p.m. (Makers at altmet underifound Hop Pole Hotel Speakers at both meetings

PICKETS

threw flour Two Yorkshire miners bombs. and sat down MIKE BANDA (Editor of Workers' Press SHEILA TORRANCE (National Secretary of the the road yesterday outside the Better Sound Repro-

NOTTINGHAM

loung soclaises, cucuons ractory Last what Next or mie Kilbride, Lanarkshire,

WEATH ER

Miners? were a disoule over unlul (For 24 hours from Wednes- Sunday, , November 16 recognition has been rag- Ble vitor is or ocean en 7.30 p.m. ing for 13 weeks. rain e Westate Liane Hals le liane East rouble With rainnder Midlands one o the pickets Amalgamatede Union of Br showed,

ELLESMERE PORT

light to n Report back from the Motor Workers' Conference' on sto inspector Some over. Sunday, November 16 10.30 a.m. ilway Hol I rained, is of prep um 13C (5SF). 7C (45F).

BRUTAL ZIONIST REPRESSION

PAGE TWO

: Dayan advocates that Arab workers from the should be treated not as citizens, but as colo can be exploited as cheap labour.

HE SMALL but dis- tinct swing to the right in Israeli the general election marks a general movement to- wards extreme reaction reshapes itself brutal repression of the Palestinian Arabs. The biggest ga.... were the right-wing made by Gahal, headed by the extreme reactionary Menahem Begin, who has always stood for against the expansionism Arabs and anti-union policies against the workers. Begin's politics have often been described as bordering on fascism, particularly by the Zionist 'lefts' of Mapam.

These same 'lefts' have sat in a with • him, government since he was brought into the 'war cabinet' formed in June 1967. It is the nationalist hysteria incited by the Israeli govern- ment, and the brutalities in- flicted on the people in the occupied territory, that have set in motion the forces of brutal chauvinism which ex- press themselves in the vote for Begin. before the Eight months elections, in which Gahal in- creased its seats in the Knesset from 22 to 27, Begin was al- ready calling the tune in the government, during the nego tiations when Mrs Golda Meir was forming her cabinet. Two points at issue both related to the occupied terri- tories. Two points First whether their occupa- tion should be regarded as that Israeli temporary, SO troops might withdraw as part of a settlement with the Arab states, or whether the govern- ment would confirm that it intended to hold them as con- quered territory. Secondly, Begin demanded that Mrs Meir, in her Knesset speech, should call for a pro- gramme of colonization in the occupied territories. 'On practically all contro- versial points, Mr Menahem Begin, the Gahal leader, ob- tained substantial satisfac- tion' , according to the 'Tew- ish Chronicle' correspondent Israel Neumann. "The Labour and Mapam representatives were not op- posed to this in principle, but preferred that this poli- tically delicate matter should be the subject of energetic action in the areas concern- ed, but without publicity.

"The inter-party commit- tee decided to request Mrs Meir to allude to the prob- lem of settling the terri- tories as a matter of vital importance, but to leave her workers from the occupied territory zens, but as colonial subjects who the freedom of formulating this in her own way' ('Jewish Chronicle', March 21, 1969) One further point on the terminology for describing the occupied territories. Official communiques re- placed the term 'occupied ter- ritories' by the words 'admin- istered territories. Begin was not satisfied. =.

Satisfaction He wanted the Prime Mini- ster's speech to reflect the conviction that the territories concerned are part of the "lib- erated national patrimony".

On this point too, Mr Begin was promised satisfaction.'

(Jewish Chronicle', March 21, 1969.) Of course, if it seems hypo- critical and nauseating that Zionist politicians can describe a brutal conquest as 'libera- tion', it must be remembered that it is not the people them- selves who are being 'libera- but the "patrimony'-the tand itself-which is being lib- erated' from the unfortunate people who happen to be liv- ing on it. Many inbabitants of the occupied West Ba demonstrations which took place on May bridge (above). Thousands of Arab famil We should not misunder- stand the Zionist philosophy by mis-interpreting its lan- guage. We could just as well say that Poland was 'liberated' in 1939. Life in the 'liberated patri- mony' was described recently in an article in "The Times' by E. C. Hodgkin: hundreds of Arab houses destroyed, about 90 people-including mayors of towns-deported over the frontier, prisoners held with- out trial and tortured by the Israeli occupation forces.

Recently a whole Arab vil- lage was destroyed as a repri- sal' for the death of an Israeli officer in a guerrilla incident.

'The Times' article had an effect. Zionist spokesmen in Bri- tain, and a number of Labour MPs friendly towards Zionism, spoke out in protest-not against the atrocities and bru- tality described in 'The Times' article, but against the news- paper for publishing it. There were 'questions in the House'. Incredulity One Labour MP, Gordon Oakes, who represents Bolton West, said that he had read the accusations in 'The Times' with 'incredulity'. In a letter to the paper, Mr Oakes asked that the Foreign Editor should substantiate his deportations, de- report on 'Can we have their manding, names please'. On the demolition of Arab Mr Oakes wanted to houses, know whether he could 'verify whether houses under slum have not clearance schemes been included' in the figures quoted. Mr. Oakes was 'amazed that such a slanderous and wholly uncorroborated article' could appear in the newspaper. 'In reply to a question in parliament by Mr M. Vilner, concerning the shooting of schoolgirls who demonstra- ted in the Gaza strip, the Minister of Defence admit- ted that five girls had been wounded. One of these girls had to have her leg ampu- tated.' ('Zo Haderech', November 13, 1968.) 'A woman was killed, an- other woman seriously in- jured, and eight schoolgirls slightly injured by bullets shot by an Israeli soldier morning when yesterday Arab women tried to break into an enclosure in Rafah where men were detained for the purpose of identifi- cation in connection with acts of sabotage in the Gaza strip' ('Haaretz', January 21, 1969.) ccupied West Bank have been expelled for organizing k place on May 15 and June 5 and transferred to Jor s of Arab families were forced to cross this bridge di

WORKERS' PRES

At the risk of amazing Mr Oakes again, and of offending those MPs who seem to think it intolerable that anything of Israel should be critical printed, we can quote some reports that have appeared in the Israeli press itself-all from respectable Zionist news- papers. 'A • considerable number of inhabitants of Rafah, in- cluding refugees, who were col- seeking employment, lected in the local Labour Exchange. Some of the people in the queue began to create a disturbance and to use abusive language. The soldiers on guard opened fire. One of the people who had created the disturbance hit and severely was wounded. He died later in hospital. (Haaretz December 31, 1967) 'Nine inhabitants of Judea and Samaria [Zionist names occupied West for the bank], most of them com- were expelled to munists, Jordan this morning. "The nine people were outstanding as inciters and organizers of the strikes and demonstrations which took place on May 15 and June 5. The nine expelled from East Jerusalem, Nablus, Tul Karem and Ramallah, were Jordan transferred to through the Damia and Al- lenby bridges at 7.40 this morning. "The expulsion orders of those from East Jerusalem have been signed by the Defence- Minister of Moshe Dayan; and those of the others, by the Military of Judea and Governor Samaria - General Rafael Vardi. . ('Yediot Ahronot', June 9, 1969.) Much worse One person who wrote to 'The Times' in support of the allegations made against the Israeli occupation authorities was an Israeli socialist, now living in Britain, Moshe Machower. added that while "The He report had described Times' conditions in the occupied West Bank, things were much worse in the Gaza area. The Israeli authorities have entering restricted reporters the Gaza strip, and when they do allow them in, it is under military escort. But on October 31 'Peace News' was able to give a de- tailed account of conditions in the area from an Israeli who had been on military service there this summer. Describing what happens when a curfew is declared by the Israeli authorities, he said: 'People are not merely confined to their homes, but the following happens. The remain female population shut in their houses, which I for organizing the strikes and ansferred to Jordan through the Allenby oss this bridge during the June war.

/ORKERS' PRESS

BY CHARLES P

sometimes, especially during the summer, can be a very painful form of torture, since the houses in Gaza are often without water or sanitary facilities, and the people are usually given only half an hour or an hour in 24 to drink water or to re- lieve themselves.' 'However the male popu- lation is taken out to some place far away—often in the desert - and is usually divided into two groups: younger men of about 25, and those older than this.

These groups are situated so that they can barely glimpse each other, that the SO dividing of fathers from children causes the greatest group is then pain. Each pressed, each to another as closely possible, as made to adopt a humiliating, uncomfortable posture. Squatting The usual is posture squatting on their haunches, but sometimes kneeling is also adopted. They are then told to this remain position for long periods of time-usually eight, nine or ten hours without changing it. "They guarded by are soldiers who under are orders to fire into the air to frighten them, and there have been cases when they the crowd, as fired into happened in Rafah about a bear ant. Such a curfew may continued for at least 24 hours, but sometimes for 36 and even 48 hours. 'This is not special a repressive but is measure, used continually, especially in refugee camps, and may be justly described as a normal measure of govern- ment? (Our emphasis.) incidents When guerrilla have occurred, more extreme measures are taken. The Israeli forces round up a crowd of the local inhabi- tants as 'suspects', , and these people are trussed up with electrical wire. The Israeli witness says: 'Ropes are not used be- cause it was found that electrical cords are much more hurtful. Also, by tying them tightly, it may possible to slow the stream of blood in the arteries, so that an affected limb comes gangrenous in a ten hours' If the authorities suspect that they have someone who actually has contact with the guerrillas, another method is used. main torture em- "The ployed in this case consists of breaking the shin bone by repeated blows with the butt of a rifle. In this torture, there is an enormous flow of blood. Since it is carried on far from towns or away cities, and since people tor- tured by this method are anyhow in danger of dying before they can be taken for medical help, it became a such common rule that people would be killed after being tortured.' He says that he has heard this method of torture fre- quently mentioned by Israeli soldiers, and that it is "so much an open method that it to and discussed is referred completely freely-as also is the method of tying by electric cords' Not surprising When • Israelis young are indoctrinated in Zionism in the schools, and the Israeli govern- ment has told its people for years that aggression and con- quest are the only possible policy, and when young soldiers are being conditioned to the use of brutality and tor- ture against civilian population in the occupied territories, it is not surprising that under the circumstances a candidate like Begin can attract more votes.

The most likely result of the increased weight of Gahal in the Knesset will be felt inside the Labour Alignment, in increased strength Moshe Dayan to put himself forward as the successor to Mrs Meir as leader and prime minister. It is Dayan who, as Minister of Defence, bears overall re- sponsibility for what is hap- ening in the occupied Wes ank and Gaza strip As a candidate for the baemiership, he Would have the and the of Gahal, Gahal businessmen which represents, as well as backing

IRLES PARKINS

from Zionist financiers in Britain and America. Although Begin and others have been the pacemakers in slogans, expansionist it is Dayan who has been responsi- ble for practical colonization plans—assisted, of course, by Deputy Prime Minister Yigal Allon. The Zionist colonization scheme which Dayan aims to carry, out, does not involve complete absorption of the occupied territories into the present state of Israel, but turning them instead, into separately administered colonial territories, if possible with some camouflage in the form of a phoney Palestinian 'self rule'. Military settlements would Thousands of Arab workers have been depi are forced to live in refugee camps. The Zic 'a normal measure of government'.

act as a Zionist garrison at strategic points, to ensure the "loyalty' of the area. It is believed that a scheme along these lines was discussed early this year between Israeli and American government representatives, in secret.

On March 7 this year, Dayan told Kolisrael radio that it was not necessary to legally annex the occupied territories; .. there is a difference between annexation, mean- ing a Knesset resolution that that Israeli sovereignty shall be extended to all areas which today call the we "occupied areas", , and the creation of physical facts in areas, such as new settlements and the like.

These latter things can be be done without extending Israeli sovereignty legally to those areas.' New buildings In the same month, the United Jewish Appeal, one of the bodies which raises funds for Zionism, issued a circular which referred to some of this 'creation in the of facts' occupied territories. •.. in order to adhere to the extremely strained time- table, buildings are built from pre-fabricated parts, which enables new settle- to be established. ments within a short time. In the new financial year additional million f8 an [Israel] will be invested.

The new settlements will be Kfar Etzion (North of Hebron), two new settle- ments in the Golan heights, and one in Rafah.' The Israeli Revolutionaries Committee Abroad', Action reported in their

ISRACA,

April bulletin: 'According to our informa- tion there are so far ten Israeli settlements in the Golan Heights, two in the Sinai and five in the West Bank' The Nahal-a section of the Israeli army is the main instrument for setting up these militarized settlements. The Israeli interviewed the in October 31 'Peace News' says: In the El Arish area, three military colonies have been established which are be the supposed to on kibbutz basis. However they are much more like the South African type of colony, and in one of them Nahal-Sania, the called colonists are actually coming from South Africa. 'All dirty work in these colonies is done by the Arabs, who are paid exactly as I mentioned earlier li.e., about 6s a day]. "The colony is heavily surrounded by barbed wire and guarded by dogs specially imported from South Africa, as reported in "Haaretz" on April 20. In fact these so - called "pioneers" and "kibbutz- niks" are really the over- seers of the Arab workers.'

It is not only the police dogs that are imported from South Africa. Dayan, with the backing of the Israeli bosses, advocates that Arab workers from the occupied territory should be have been deprived of their land and homes by the : camps. The Lionists openly admit to the use of torti 'integrated' into the Israeli economy-not as citizens, but as colonial subjects who can be exploited as cheap labour. He explains: I do not suggest that we should enable them to move and reside here. This is not needed. Even if they would want it, I would suggest that we prevent this.• From the point of view of our government, first of all favour of not in am to allowing them change their place of residence. They can, physically speak- ing leave in the morning and return to their place in the evening. 'Secondly, I am not grant- ing them Israeli citizenship.

I am not in favour of granting Israeli citizenship to the Arabs of the West Bank-and they do not ask for it, do not want it....

when they are not And Israeli citizens, they do not in vote parliamentary elections. (Interview in evening 'Maariv', paper, April 17, 1969.) The Dayan colonial policy is bound to affect the whole of Israeli society. the When Halil Toameh, Arab students' leaders at the Hebrew University was ar- rested last year by the Israeli Golda Metr: called for colonization. authorities, we said in "The Newsletter' that repressive policies carried out in the would territories occupied extend back into the state of Israel itself, against its citizens. It is now known that about 600 Arab citizens are being held without trial, under the military (emergency) regula- Thursday, November 13, 1969 tions of 1945 which the Israeli government inherited from the British mandate. Many of them are members of the New Communist Party, RAKAH, or the Israeli Socialist Organization (often known as the 'Matspen' group because of the name of their paper).

Like the prisoners in the these occupied territories, Israeli citizens have also been subject to deportation-they are told they can either leave the country or be jailed in- definitely. The saying by Marx, that 'a nation which enslaves others helps to forge its own chains' has been quoted both by The Newsletter' and by Matzpen as a warning to the apposite Israeli working class. This has been completely borne out by events. id homes by the Zionist expansion and • the use of torture in the camps as In June this year, the same British Mandatory Emergency Regulations which the Israeli government has been employ- ing against the Arabs were put to a new use. After a strike had broke out in the Post Office, the Knesset was summoned to approve an order under the Regulations, prohibiting these Jewish workers from striking. As the 'Jewish Chronicle' commented on June 9: "The decision reflects Mrs Meir's determination to exercise the same strong direction of internal matters she does of foreign as affairs.' Under the same Emergency Regulations, the Israeli Home Office is reported to have banned the Israel Socialist Organization (ISO) from pub- lishing an Arabic periodical, and to have had Nabeel Said, who was involved in preparing the paper, arrested. During the election cam- paign another four ISO mem- bers were arrested-three of them Jewish, one Arab-while distributing the organization's broadsheet in Nazareth. being held on They are charges of 'inciting rebellion'.

The police are said to have objected to a photograph in the broadsheet of Moshe a military Dayan visiting cemetary, and photographs of Arab civilians killed in Israeli air raids. Took stand The only 'crime' which these Israeli socialists committed was to fight for the unity of Arab and Jewish workers, and against Zionist aggression.

In taking a stand against the prevailing chauvinism and reaction in their country, they faced arrest and imprisonment; whereas there are some people who will not even risk the disapproval of friends and colleagues to oppose Zionist aggression. All socialists must demand the Israeli the release of Socialist Organization mem- bers, and of all the other political prisoners in Israel, and an end to the restrictions on their activities. Stop the repression in Palestine! Smash Zionism!

Thuraday, November 13, 1969 LAST FRIDAY'S Con- way Hall (London) de- bate between Monty Johnstone and Ernest Mandel served one pur- pose at least. It has given yet more evi- dence of the speed with which the revisionists, led internationally by Mandel, now move towards Stalinists of the Johnstone type. The debate itself arose from a 'challenge' by the Inter- national Marxist Group of Tariq Ali, Pat Jordan and Bob Purdie to debate on the theme of "Trotskyism'-after the Young Communist League had evaded a political con- frontation with the Young Socialists in a debate on the subject "Trotskyism and Stalinism'. The correspondence between the Young Socialists and the YCL on the subject of a debate published in the has been April and May 1969 numbers 'Keep Left' (official of paper). A study of this correspond- ence will reveal that the YCL hoped to set a trap for the Young Socialists, whereby the debate would revolve around discussion on Trotskyism only: 'Dear Miss Torrance, The National Committee of the YCL has accepted your challenge as announced January Keep Left, which was "Sheila National Torrance, Secretary of the Young Social- ists, informs Keep Left that Monty Johnstone is invited to a public debate on Trotsky- ism" But the challenge was not issued under that heading, as the YCL well knows. The 'Keep Left' January announcement as the was, quoted statement proves, simply an indication of our intention to debate with Johnstone. The National Committee of the Young Socialists is the only body empowered to desig- nate the proposed title of a in which the Young debate Socialists are taking part.

The letter of January 27, 1969, from the Young Social- ists to the YCL sets out the conditions under which such a debate should take place : It must be understood that it is the Young Socialists who have initiated the debate. As far as we are concerned the title for the debate must be Stalinism" "Trotskyism and since it is absolutely impossible without the discuss one to other'. At this point, the YCL leadership began to pull out of the debate. They wanted a set-up in which their opponents would be placed on the defensive from the very beginning, in which the history and nature of Stalinism, and in particular Stalinism, would be British excluded. Into the trap The crime of the revision- ists, of Mandel and Purdie, is that they gave the Stalinists this very type of 'debate'.

The IMG leaders, with their eyes wide open, walked into the trap we very consciously exposed and kept out of. it became obvious When that the Stalinists were run- ning away from such a con- frontation on the history and role of Stalinism, the IMG, in the person of Purdie, stepped in and offered Johnstone a debate on Trotskism alone.

Thus before the debate had the revisionists even begun, full retreat before were in Johnstone. It was Trotskyism, and not Stalinism, that was to be 'on trial'. instead of a firm Therefore and aggressive affirmation of Trotskyism as the continuator of Bolshevism, and Stalinism as the expression of the de- feats of the working class, and • for many more, the agency adopted a miserably Mandel apologetic stance. began by listing the things that Trotskyism was not: Menshevism, an agency of fascism, a defeated ten- dency, etc., etc. And when he did get round Trotskyism to saying what was, the retreat before Stalin- ism turned into a rout. There was no historical ex- position of the programme and of the Fourth Inter- theory national. What had been written and said by Trotsky at that time, "irrelevant Mandel stated, was to the main problem'. What counted most was the vote of Krivine at the French presidential elections, the dec- laration at the second Tri- Conference at continental Havana, the ideas of Guevara -these were the confirmations of Trotskyism. The great political contro- versies, both before and after the Russian Revolution, did not count. Mandel listed as the four main features of Trotskyism : support for the "colonial revo lution' (which he placed first), insistence on the revolution- ary, as opposed to the parlia- mentary road in the advanced capitalist countries, workers' workers' democracy in the states, and internationalism.

The essence of Trotskyism, the struggle to build the Fourth International upon an understanding of the nature of the counter-revolutionary bureaucracy, inte Stalinist grated with all the previous conquests of Marxist theory by Lenin and the pioneers Marx and Engels — this was com- pletely excluded from Mandel's exposition. Trotskyism in the hands of the revisionists is so blunted and weakened that it is con- verted into a critique of Stalinism, and never functions main force for its the as destruction. Mandel claims that Trotsky- 'supports' ism 'upholds' and the various demands and struggles he describes in his speech. On the contrary, it fights for leadership in these struggles and is only able to succeed insofar as its activity is grounded on a rounded-out understanding of all the basic historical questions Mandel dismisses as 'irrelevant'.

Johnstone's approach con- trasted sharply with Mandel's.

Here there were no apolo- getics. After all, as the title of the debate stated, Trotskyism, and not Stalinism, was on trial.

(This proves how right we were to insist that the debate between ourselves and the YCL be on Trotskyism and Stalinism.) After ridiculing Mandel's anti-Marxist, un-historical ex- position of Trotskyism, John- stone moved on to deal with three main questions. Old formulation In both his contributions, he devoted much of his time to the nature of the first Russian Revolution of 1917, insisting that Lenin never discarded the 'old Bolshevik' formulation of the democratic dictatorship of the workers and peasantry.

Johnstone claimed that the Provisional government created by the February 1917 revolu- tion carried out the tasks of the democratic bourgeois re volution, and that the October Revolution solved not demo- cratic tasks, but purely social- ist ones. Johnstone thus gives to the Russian, and indeed all capital- ist classes of underdeveloped countries, a power which they cannot possess; that is, the ability to defeat feudalism and imperialism, and solve the key problems of the land,* demo- cratic rights, and all the other with the tasks associated democratic revolution. This theory of the two- stage revolution, an integral part of Stalinist strategy the backward countries domin- ated by imperialism, was up- held by Johnstone as to be followed in model Vietnam : First national independence through the unity of all classes against imperialism, then move on to socialism .. after a suitable lapse of time. Johnstone proves with this argument how close Stalinism is to Menshevism in its whole method of approach to the class struggle in the under- developed countries. From defending Menshevism in Russia, Johnstone moved on to defend the programme of 'The British his own Party, Road to Socialism'. He defended the parliament- ary road to socialism in Britain just as he defended the identi- strategy of the French cal Stalinists in the May-June general strike of 1968. While conceding that the French Stalinists made some 'tactical' errors, their strategy, that of a parliamentary solu- tion to the general strike, was *100 per cent correct. The whole substance of Johnstone's case was that there have been no betrayals by Stalinism, since there has never been a revolutionary situation in Europe since 1923.

B.B.C.-1

9.38 a.m.-12 noon Schools. 12.30 Management. 1.00 p.m. Farm Cadw Cwmni. 1.30 Watch With Mother. 1.45-1.53 News, Weather. 2.00-2.28 Schools. 4.20 Play School. 4.40 Jackanory. 4.55 Blue Peter. 5.20 Journey To The 5.44 Centre Of Hector's House. 5.50 Weather. 6.00 London-Nationwide. 6.45 The Newcomers. 7.05 Top Of The Pops. 7.30 Dad's Army. 8.00 Softly, Softly. 8.50 The Main News. 9.15 Sportsnight With Coleman.

10.00 In A Class Of Their Own: 'What Makes A Good Teacher? 10.30 24 Hours. 11.15 Weatherman. 11.17 Car-Wise. Regional programmes as BBC 1 except at the following times: Midlands and East Anglia: 6.00-6.45 Midlands Today, ( Look East, . m Weather Nationwide. 11.47 News Summary, Weather for the Midlands and East Anglia. North of England: 6.00-6.45 p.m. Look Weather Headlines, North, Nationwide. 11.47 Northern News Weather.

PRESS

Af appre in Move evide the 1 Betty amp Brita into role 1937 Of not : skyis collu Hitle Bdito Bu that Trots John: the 1937 Al from direc John: Trots unco: agent It on t John: invol visio that betw the • ism. Th 'legit enem Stalir Le: class ism i Ali c Ins clear, groul many gethe natio futur An docui new the Leon Pu in th Stalir on th princ stater Trots is ne Cr It Stalit Trots coun Th cravi eyes Mandel (ta froat) the Li Beitional Programme, nothi of Stalinism or the Tras giving Johnstone (behind) the opportunity to distort Trotsky's role as the expo: real continuator of Leninism.

sland again Th part build This is, of course, an im- began in 1936 with the murder and basic of the Left Opposition, and plicit attack on the again theory of Marxism, which in- not in 1924, with the attack ism. that capitalism the principles that the Fa sists on murdered oppositionists de- cessi ically working fended. presents draw the opportunity of Stalin class with The common ground shared taking power. sure by the revisionists and Stalin- Johnstone, by claiming that man‹ ists such as Johnstone is plain rid itself crisis capitalism has of for all to see. these revolutionary crises, Th of Each in their own those attacks the very essence way, as Marxist theory. the proved, debate present in it Stalinism as purges, show trials The most significant contri- samne slanders, but Pr and not as bution from the floor in the political tendency that inevi- debate from Tariq Ali, came tably leads to these things. leade a leader of the IMG and also to o1 editor of 'Black Dwarf'. when Mandel began his So on g contribution by 'clearing' Replying to a Maoist speaker, Trotskyism Th of the charge of Ali attempted to correct him ing on the date of origin of 'Soviet counter - revolution, he was ary Paring on astor a revisionism'. drivi Johnstone con- It was not 1956, the year of here, towa cerned, though even 20th Congress the off Mandel let Johnstone the TH CPSU, said Ali, it was the failing to deal with hook by treat period of the great purges and Johnstone's own record as one temp the Moscow Trials. of the worst slanders of Trot- cond skyism when he wrote for and In In other words, according to

YCL

edited journal began in 1936. revis Ali, Stalinism 'Challenge' in the early 1950s.

12 years after Stalin began to the mast revise Leninism with the We have already stated that theory of socialism in the IMG is grovelling before by country'. Stalinism. fence Like Johnstone, Betty Reid The contempt felt by the prog and Purdie, Tariq Ali separ- Stalinists for the Purdies, even tion ates the purges from the theory they reach out to embrace build of Stalinism. Stalinism, was clearly revealed leade The crimes of Stalinism- in the course of Johnstone's TH 'revisionism' as Ali calls it- second contribution. Soci: story of Andrew man: 4.30 Carnegie. 5.20 M 10.50 News Summary and Weather. 10.55 Line-Up. 00 A Weathe

I.T.V.

no col Wales: 2001030 i Gwlad 11.00 a.m.-12 noon Schools.

1.40- 6.00-6 2.58 p.m. Schools. 3.25 Wild Bill Dim Hickok. 3.55 Face Of The Earth. wydd Golau, Mrs Morgan. News 4.15 Headlines. 4.17 11.00 Scotland: 2.30-2.50 p.m. Around Scot Diane's Magic Theatre. 4.30 Reporting 11.9 Epilogue: News 4.55 The Adventures Crossroads. Person Weather 5.20 Robin Hood. Magpie. 5.50 News From ITN Northern 6.03 Today. Schools 6.35 Peyton Place. ern Ireland News Headlines, Weather.

7.05 The Thursday Film: Any Number Can Play' starring 0.30 ght South- For Li Clark Gable. West, South West, Weather st 9.00 Nearest and Dearest.

News Headlines, 9.30 This Week. 10.00 News At Ten. 10.30 Cinema. 11.00 Tales of Edgar Wallace.

B.B.C.-2

12 midnight Impact On Africa.

10.58 11.00-11.20 a.m. Play School.

nalli 7.00 Pewsroom and Weather.

"Lanching achitc Yorkshire 2.0 's. 8.00 Call My Bluff. 8.30 The Money Programme.

The Canterbury Tales. 9.10 1.00-11.38 A. Houseparty.

%: 4-15 New: Schools. Thi 11.00 % 10.00 The Star Spangled Scotch- had claims, enginered vhole uprising of being agents nOw that ‹yists inalrec 'concession' that not past Stalinist polici nuclei 1 as make explait, ati nternational will ving is simply because some *enounce taliniste Fourth * Stalinish and revision!

'con- euvres as and weakness. con- any 'contest' between the onists and the Stalinist.

prove the stalinists can defeated ustory and revolutionary ist Labour League. or the Westward Anglia

BY MARTIN ZARROP

MAN'S knowledge of the solar system in which he lives and his ability to take tentative steps away from the Earth's surface has ad- vanced greatly since the late 1950s. But the destruction by earthquake of more than 60 per cent of the industrial town of Banja Luka in central Yugoslavia only a few weeks ago emphasises his lack of understanding of the pro- cesses developing within the interior of the earth itself.

Within the space of 24 hours, 13 tremors killed at least 20 people, injured 400 more and caused extensive damage to the town's most important industrial plants.

The last tremor was com- parable in its destructive earthquake power to the which devastated Skopje in Crust less than 50 mlles thick Mantlo 1,800 miles thick Core 1,330 miles thick Inner core 870 miles radias Earth's radius 3,950 miles Diagram showing the internal structure of tl 1963, killing more than 1,000 of its inhabitants. Yet neither of these Yugo- slav quakes match in either destructive power or actual destruction the worst that have taken place over the last 450 years, the period for which reliable information is available. On November 1, 1775, the city of Lisbon, Portugal, was struck by earthquake an which was felt over an area more than 700 miles in radius, extending from the Azores to Italy and from England to North Africa. Out of the city's 230,000 nearly inhabitants, 30,000 were killed according to con- servative estimates. The shock was followed by a 'tidal wave' (tsunami) and by fire. The Lisbon quake is one of the most disastrous on re- cord and provided ample material for the moralists and wits of the day. Voltaire in his book 'Can- dide' says of the Lisbon earth- quake: "The University of Coimbra had pronounced that the sight of a few people ceremo- nially burned alive before a slow fire was an infallible pre- scription for preventing earth- quakes; so that when earthquake had subsided after destroying three-quarters of Lisbon, the authorities of that country could find no better way of avoiding total ruin than by giving the citizens a magnificent auto-da-fé.' Tyne Tees 11.00 a.m.-12 noon Schools. 1.40-2.58 p.m. Schools. 4.13 North East News- News 6.55 Tone 5500. agple 5.50 News. 6.00 Today At Six. Peyton Place. 7.00 The Saint. 8.00 Marcus Face The pres 1.0 very Cal 10.00 News. lenge. 11.30 Late News Extra. 11.47 Making Good. Grampian 10.58 a.m.-12 noon Schools. 1.38-2.58 Headlines. 4:17 Diano Magic Theatre. 4.30l The Schools. New Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.

4.55 Ivanhoe. 5.20 Magpie. 5.50 News.

Grampian News. 6.00 6.10 The Double Life of Henry Phyfe. 6.35 Crossroads.

7.00 Adventurel 9.00 McCue's Music.

News. 10.30 9.30 This Week. 10.00 Cinema. 11.00 Omrl's Burning.

Scottish 11.00 a.m.-12 noon Schools. 1.40-2.58 ›.m. Schools. 4.20 Scotland Early, 4.30 Crossroads. 4.55 The New Adventures Of Natio Sape News. 5.20 Magpie. 5.50 Now. News. 6.00 Scotland 6.35 High Living. 7.05 Feature Film: 6 A Place In The Sun' starring Montgomery Clft and Elizabeth Taylor. 9.00 Nearest and Dearest. 9.30 This Week. 10.00 10.30 Cinema. News At Ten. 11.00 Omri's Burning. 12.05 a.m. Late Call.

Europe has not since suf- fered a disaster on the scale of the Lisbon earthquake, but we can confidently state that the auto-da-fé has had little to do with it! Earthquakes by are no means rare events. The rela- tively slow motion of huge masses of material takes place continuously within earth's interior. Major quakes take place on the average once every two or three weeks, but do little damage as most of them ori- ginate below the continențal slopes. Since the beginning of the 16th century some 300 of them have been reported as affecting centres of popula- tion. However, 1903 is the first year for which reasonably ac- curate and complete instru- mental magnitudes are avail- able. Precise measurement and analysis only became possible al structure of the Earth.

with the development of the seismograph. Basically, this instrument works on the principle that a heavy weight suspended in a box tends to remain at rest when the box participates in an earth tremor. The relative motion of the weight and its container is magnified and then suitably used to produce a wavy line on a revolving drum. On this basis it is possible to define the magnitude of a shock accurately by relating it to the maximum displace- ment of the trace of a stand- ard seismometer at a standard distance from the epicentre (the point of strongest shock on the earth's surface). The table below relates various magnitudes of energy to their equivalent amounts of TNT explosive.

TNT

Magnitude 2.50 16 lb. 5.50 1 kiloton 5.75 6.00 6 kilotons 20 kilotons 8.90 9.00 300 megatons There are over 125 quakes every year of intensity equal to, or greater than, the Skopje shock and some 100,000 with magnitudes between 2.5 and the use of analysing seismographs shocks is straightforward, The focus (origin) of a quake can to 450 miles below occur up the earth's surface. When it occurs, waves of two types travel rapidly out- the wards from focus at different speeds. A measurement of the time lag between the received sig- nals then yields the distance of the receiver from the focus.

seismographic Using three stations the geographical posi- tion of the epicentre and the depth of the focus can be fixed with precision. The measuring process is more complex than this be- cause of the non-uniform na- ture of the earth's constitu- tion. reality the waves In change direction in passing through layers of different densities and are also partially reflected in this process.

The signal received is less clearly defined, but it allows the geophysicist to test our various theories about the structure of the earth. The picture that emerges is shown in the diagram where the crust varies in thickness from five miles un- der the oceans to possibly 50

PAGE THREE

miles under some mountain ranges. Oil companies, in particu- lar, have used this method of analysis to detect oil-bearing strata which produce a char- acteristic signal when reflect- ing shock waves. In this form of prospecting the quakes are produced artificially by means of explosives. The advent of nuclear wea- pons provided a powerful tool seismological research, but this soon became second- ary to nuclear test detection.

It was at this stage that large amounts of government money became available for earthquake research. In the United States, over dollars seven million was spent on the Large Aperture Seismic Array at Billings, Montana. This consists of 525 seis- mometers grouped into 21 clusters covering an area of a hundred miles square. The signals are transmitted by micro-wave link to two computers which analyse the results. In spite of the existence of such equipment, the problems of when and where the next major earthquake will occur remain as intractable as ever.

However, some light has been thrown on how they oc- cur. The view generally held is that the tremendous forces responsible for building the mountains and other features of the earth's surface are also the cause of earthquakes.

Stresses build up in rocks until they are strained to breaking point, when they suddenly rupture and move.

The energy released in a quake can therefore be com- pared to that involved in the rapid unwinding of a spring.

The difficulty in making precise predictions as to when this will occur arises because the triggering mechanism can take many forms. When the rocks are nearly at their breaking point, an earthquake may be triggered off by a high tide, heavy rain- fall or flood, a nearby tremor or H-bomb blast. The planned use of satel- lites could make a huge con- man's under- tribution to standing of these processes.

A world-wide satellite sys- tem could continually monitor conditions in the atmosphere, the oceans and the earth's system. Yet the appalling loss of human life that accompanies great earthquakes in highly- populated areas are mainly Smallest shock felt Smallest damaging shock Agadir, 1960 Skopje, 1963 First atomic bomb Chile, 1960 (biggest quake yet recorded) due to secondary causes such as the collapse of buildings and fires. Gas mains are torn open and, once started, fires rapidly spread beyond control, since the water mains are wrenched apart. The Sagami Bay earthquake of 1923 occured just as the housewives of Tokyo and Yokohama were cooking the midday meal. Fire broke out in all direc- tions and over 250,000 lives were lost. In most quakes, the col- lapse of building accounts for the majority of casualities.

Research has shown that it is not difficult to construct buildings that can resist the vibrations set up by the periodic shock waves. considerable course, funds would be necessary to a building implement such programme in all the main centres of population affected by earthquakes. Many of the cities and towns affected are in under- developed countries con- demned by imperialism to poverty and stagnation--man- made that over- disasters shadow those inflicted by nature. The main obstacle is the rule of capital. Its removal will provide man with the means to make a huge leap forward in his un- derstanding of the powerful forces that drive the self- movement of the earth's in- bly 50 terior.

WORKERS' PRESS

Thuraday, November 13, 1969

PAGE FOUR

London, Manchester and North-East U.S. troops Dublin pilots' teachers may strike alerted By a London teacher strike as Vietnam

GROWING SUPPORT FOR

still on march From our own correspondent THE DEEP-SEA section of

EXTENDED NATIONAL

closed as the date nears General Wontes Union, at

ACTION

THE US Defence Department announced on darity following struck in solic teac3.000 decided on Tudy Monday that troops had been alerted in without a pilot.

CALLS

for strike anti-Vietnamese Manches- for 24 hours on Nov- preparation for to strike war The pilots had called vember 20. ter's 3,200 teachers y afternoon. demonstrations fixed for November 14 and 15.

ng of any port considered WATe Now mee meeting

BY ROBERT BLACK

general At the moment, 28,00 discuss troops are stationed in and yesterday. confidence in the NUT execu- Picket meeting to plan Arab 'summit around washington, which Like teachers all over 'We also: will be the venue for one The do rare actining Britain, they are incensed sectiontes in the dee? Cations are adequat po- based on a computsory fend.

anti-war ampsonalite, caller on ues by the Burnham Commit- rallies. mptonshire, earlier tee's derisory £50-a-year meeting for Worker Union of ireland. claim pay ofter. even this number is con the sidered insumcient. as unite

BOTH OUT

negotiations spokesm Follow ther all teache more than ll miles fron Losing resolution ed on day next month one of the largest Washington have also been example. sail the Deline Port mal mey are aso angry al turner IS NU1 SCoOl Dral AGREEMENT was reached in Cairo on Tuesday to committee s statement members.

INTIMIDATION

Is upon the execut that it mav not de able to hold an Arab summit meeting in Morocco next month.

anDer helming are ma of ten ships meet representadves or une decision Late to milions of American and deane week. teachers for another month.

foreign defence By our foreign correspondent ministers from Arab New Oxford cuts rumoured spook frathe inevitable battle states meeting in Test teachers the Egypt- policiover- capital • strike US army has failed t Car chief Militant ind it will etname revisionist mounting struggle with Press, ther out any possibility the meate contrasts Tube effo

SPEARHEAD

res were - поп. calls for

SPACE ONE

Middle-East crisis. during part t Kenya • Kremlin ple cleared up remains to is honourine that sta ment with us election date not media on So against Zionism Unions strugsles theat legislation Ken kenyatta har eugh terrotted shell of the Dougles Richards and fight Airport Five men Time-bomb found

• FROM PAGE ONE

motor bosses are stepping their

BRITAIN'S

have bad the right stop Inquiry pressure for the Labour leaders to crack down on ere ete strike for calling in a Berlin Oxford carworkers. blacking into Clyde was illegal. car plants attaching to it' in in- Fearless Meanwie

BY DAVID MAUDE

Representatives continuing attacks from But synagogue torpedo "The willist PRODUCTION lines at Morris emplovers elected re med leadership account. And there Ce back to own • case 'near miss' by are necarcus mal mort nde work in them

WEST

BERLIN police be That Worker Fest who alt on the way. an attack? Cover Sof neve war une ackms oo ecl Standard the intro week it was The only perspective for a into The ring one on Last louna wrappea in a coal al tul con Stokes, maiden into the ewisn Community the five men, 11,000 Telephones speecn Centre was a nome made time bomb. LOraS allacked Countesonday i a Tuesdays Work. LopY On Sunday the * the Centre Feather and th Day clalms cute in S. African emorated e relatea to producavity anc ship efficiency. a producti- management. Sive cred to This ritish-Leylan On exercise in Loch Long ne merger eward told that conferena On Monday, the bicy. Sam us and fight hing facturers Suspensions models was alected d Sunk Show's Standard Tele the torpedo was to thought Souti bare sun as an i might bought narch to largest Jarrow dustmen 25 alread the immer of sanit ssible i taching to it it would have done nou- strike for erased by "Havi some socialism 623 Corporation therers and taket aerones here al Billingham back log pay E.E.C. Ministers force through

• FROM PAGE ONE

agree On In the nearby ICI plans, A warning By an industrial correspor officials JARROW dustmen, who returned to work on Monday the recognition after being on unofficial strike for two weeks, came out brin 512222 luesday. with une Oliclal backing of the General and Municipal Workers' Union.

Earlier ÖRbER THE After the unofficial strike, strik returned WOrK OR Implementation Sunday

DAILY

seet the saturaay assembly saturday and Su Clear up tne backlog be ould mean a work. threat these trade The men caimed an extr Principled opposition Lord Stoker one and a half days' pay i

NOW

is of pain. addition to the weekend fo opposition der all their left talkbaily gentlemen that un clearing the backlog, but the E2 0x for thre even at Ford earlier this year OR Coal prices up Party's position $1 for being bargained Steamroller He mates his ready do union leaders There is a principl the caned away. en etrograc an of I would like to subscribe to Workers' Pross for they that to a he su THE National Coal Board production wishes s again raise coal prices yet figures unofficial strike. 10 U these Won't give way Robens is seeing me Pre used to grant the miners t Name messin Oxford de Thi capitalis ditions, redundancy an ve was 1a interest becal probably about 2s. in the f second place to no Adaress ...... amons were not won by But I thines pes forced by organ- certaion the work- Interest Pres, 186a Claphan i Pin Street princ • he shinin hit Backmai this agree with because Paham Case, Organi, sir: 020 21809 s anarchy elt: (gur put the situation Street, London; for Hans Worker The Labour government re-