Workers Press no. 45

workers press The daily organ of the Central Committee of the Socialist Labour League INCORPORATING THE NEWSLETTER • PUBLISHED FROM TUESDAY TO SATURDAY • NUMBER 45

FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 28, 1969

PRICE 6d. 'Morning Star' silent as 'Learn military art properly...

Briefly If it had been me out there I would have swung my rifle around and shot Calley between the God-damned eyes.'

British Mr Meadlo (senior) on the 'Pinkville' massacre, March 1968.

SCANLON AND

redivision militarization in all coun even in neutral and ones. How will proletarian Outh African this? Only cursing all war and everything military, only by demanding * British s alsarmamen: The women of an oppressed and really class minis - an int he inTent accept that shar will say to their sons: ancy Take it and learn the military gun. The proletarian:

STOKES GET

art properly need this knowledge not to shoot your browners.

Lne workers or olde countries. as is being done in the present war as the traitors to socialsn are tells vou to co mey need it to ment the bourgeoise of ther own country, to put an end to exploitation, poverty and war, and not by pious wishes, hut y defeating and and disarming the bourgeoisie". >

LENIN, 1916

building programm White House lies on Vietnam hether it it

TOGETHER

Containers Stop Wilson's visit allo monopoly period. threat to Washington! Dockers in to run at to

BY DAVID MAUDE

WORRIED about the mas- still call

AMALGAMATED

Engineers and Foundry- Apartheid workers president Mr Hugh Scanlon is to chair the joint union-employer national council for the 'trade bosses miegler has promised a full motor industry. The position is a joint one. Scanlon's opposite unionist' to bluff number is to be none other than • • • brush-Leyland's clared Lne massacre occurrec đay said: Lord 'piratical pay claims' Stokes!

monins Delore Nixon': visit TUC? Wednesday light' This from is interested in By our Industrial reporter contracts ranitested yesterday's

LUKAS

den Berg varr Star',

CONTAINER

boss Sir Morning general secretary Halls 'good in ot sout government and Atrica's rot Andrew Crichton's Tilbury workers' Union, has been leaders into ali- loo Vilian hint thes slaughter in will die' threat set Labour of Mrs Castle, not chosen by government entnusiastic emorace or tne Congress's and trade leaders b1g employers. running scared yesterday.

year have change European organiza- yes canian rime Minister is needed is action "What Crichtonen neated be end the Mpanies placed a cont this pare artar hed. industrial relationomote

BUILDING NORKERS

YS surcharge

HORSEFERRY RD.

Advise attacks ree ration

A.T.U.A.

bluff about oCt ACes state- quite clear about their 'Presumably one programme. meetings attack on shop-floor resistan 'Sensible' have any inter-

READING

Workers Press and the This is what Stokes, trade unions' Castle statement

BATTLE

council is backed Tuesday, December 2 Common Speaky, Mrs Bar

DEATHS UP

components lifeated for the ban Barbari 1.30 p.m

• PAGE 4 COL. 4 →

IrIt hatreduce met Builders lobby over deal somebod g est Str Grangemouth believeds structures and ductivity and a recognition

OLLERTON

(Notts.) Mr Jack 1. not emergene boilermakers 'Workers Press' ratipis es pay a nd produchey ore r.

discuss the Saturday, November 29, yesterday attems t. 12 noon That are one be mo by ibera pinion people all tne ume are navin stay out Plough Inn he key proposals 7 to win the dada bed mean or their and cont key proposals fo

THIS WEEKEND

By a Workers Press correspondent ord Devins docks moder Ziegler's leaderships platrio sefoead raks fortion an loul, • recently of the BOILERMAKERS from Grangemouth's BP refinery site Young Socialists were still on strike yesterday, despite their union Sion in the Devin terme

GRAND CHRISTMAS BAZAAR

sen made ebie steer executive's recommendation that they accept a peace

MOST WIDESPREAD

Beer C He de containe All the fun of the formula' arrived at by the Trades Union Congress.

Department

TEACHERS' ACTION

After speaking to the on Wednesday: father Christmas nch 'N' Judy men for over three hours or Blind workers "Feel sick'

TO DATE

Tuesday, union president By our education nauguration ! pay protest correspondent do for a line you thed Dan McGarvey per-

SOURCE

nearly TEACHERS in But they deserved 'an awful

MORE

600 blind suaded unem to accept une that struck workers are to stage a protest The formula and promised at- source of the inform the fac claims for wages. in sha year pay in ease to theng Vạn Deerin remous to win an improve- for on the the else s ment in the terms being blind offered by contractors for call salt is a shocking report of Mr Bace all have a enace.

nationtance acti their a return to work

• PAGE 4 COL. 4 →

amore to pu one those of te Mon used ne Work tightes

STOP WILSON'S WASHINGTON

and clea e those as their they way for tree wan enten of Teal penalty Tuesdae's mee two ballots at

VISIT!

SOCIALIST LABOUR LEAGUE

FOR THE DEFEAT OF US

Carried

PUBLIC MEETING

IMPERIALISM IN VIETNAM!

the the bolerate should Czechoslovakia, persecution oilermaker

DEMONSTRATION

of Soviet intellectuals and the Communist Party Congress

SUNDAY JAN. 11

Mister had orred to tak Monday Dec. 15, 8p.m. Sue, to ASSEMBLE: Speakers' Corner (Marble Arch), 2 P.M.

HOLBORN ASSEMBLY HALL

suside thus have been left

MARCH:

via Oxford Street, Regent Street, lohn's Mews off Northington Stree Trafalgar Square past Downing Street.

(nearest tube Chancery Lane) Maxi-

PUBLIC HALL

CANNING TOWN

• 4C (39F 1500 MEETING: Lyceum Ballroom, near Aldwych, speaker: G. Healy (national secretary, socialist Labour until all burgh: League)

SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 29

back 4 P.M. Auspices Young Socialists Charman: M. banda (caitor, workers press) votes to three.

DOORS OPEN AT 12 NOON

workers press The daily organ of the Central Committee of the Socialist Labour League

FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 28, 1969

INCORPORATING THE NEWSLETTER

PUBLISHED FROM TUESDAY TO SATURDAY • NUMBER 45

PRICE 6d. 'Morning Star' silent as 'Learn military art properly..?

Briefly 'If it had been me out there I would have swung my rifle around and shot Calley between the God-damned eyes'

APOLOGY:

Mr Meadlo (senior) on the 'Pinkville' massacre, March 1968.

SCANLON AND

• The whole of social life is now being militarized. Imperialism is a fierce Wednesda struggles or tre Great rowers for the division and redivision orche world. It is therefore bound to lead to further militarization in all coun Hilgard Muller th African The women of an oppressed and really revolutionary class will neve nister for talks about They will say to their sons: "You will soon b the inciden accent that shamefu role

STOKES GET

shoot your done in th are telling you 'ROAD BONDS': A Commons end to exploitation, poverty and war, and not by pious country, to put defeating but by

WISHES!

LENIN, 1916

and disarming the bourgeoisie". * White House lies on Vietnam whether it is i nterest to give 50-year leases

TOGETHER

Containers Stop Wilson's visit a monopoly threat Periodic reviews of the bar to Washington! Is gue called for Dockers

BY DAVID MAUDE

to run at a loss WORRIED about the mas- still call

AMALGAMATED

Engineers and Foundry- sive repercussions generated Apartheid by the My workers president Mr Hugh Scanlon is to chair Lancong

CHEMICAL WEAPONS:

massacre, Winte

HOTE

the joint union-employer national council for the press secretary 'trade bosses Mr Ronad industry. Ziegler has promised a dul investigation then The position Is a joint one. scanion's opposite unionist' to number is to be none other than ... British-Leyland's bluff months before Nixon's Lora piratical pay claims stokes.

Nection! visit TUC? wednescav night's for By our industrial reporter nouncement which went contracts; thi yesterday's peopl

LUKAS

van der Ber •Morning marks austrial relationg 800d i • posite step emmen

CONTAINER

Star, secretary of South

DOSS

by Africa's and Andrew Crichton's Tilbury blandishments Meanwhile, the slaughter in beer embrace of the wil me toreat ser Labou Vietnam continues. the chosen governmen union leaders and trade big employers. retreallio Stress to make a cooowil tour oi European labour organiza- running scared yesterddy.

changed heir positionar have tions. CLIMAX: The veran it acted actio prene or touse let on the rate or the sonia d we are not Bilhe reached its clim bus of the industry's gainst the working class Iron and Stéelworkers 1O DrOV this particular thind. other straws l

SY'S

e Queen at Beckir ham Pala industrial relations'.

BUILD

charge ds by the UK Its main aim will be to stop the years at the begin- Australia Advise attacks

HOPSETE

Africa strikes

ERS

of whats leadere The

A.T.U.A.

ane quite clear abour the neil unctionse corne meetings i the Labour Antwerp, • base can black have any inten 'Sensible leaders

READING

tion of calling it. Wauk, Stokes, Press and the "workers trade unions' Castle statement Ford's William

BATTLE

y come ate fore Mast Tuesday, December 2

DEATHS UP

7.30 p.m. estealed for whether de Twin betu

• PAGE 4 COL. 4 →

8 To lifted. - Builders lobby over deal • This dose last vicat Grangemouth We believe sady Min the ne should

OLLARION

"Springboks (Notts.) -king orl and Geek. ral Workers general engineered boilermakers was announced here today.

'Workers Press' biscuss the employers and productivity ofer. cretary, held emergenc Saturday, November 29, 1s essentia in todav employers' deal 12 noor Dockers e one big problem stay out Plough Inn credibil branches

THIS WEEKEND

By a Workers Press correspondent their bemints entered Tato on BOILERMAKERS from Grangemouth's BP refinery site Young Socialists zation'. Nixon's presidency is a patent were still on strike yesterday, despite their i Son on of entere union

CHRISTMAS BAZAAR

mense be industriali

GRAND

ponsible executive's recommendation that they accept a 'peace

MOST WIDESPREAD

is stateme ver with ther All the fun of the fair! formula' arrived at by the Trades Union Congress.

TEACHERS' ACTION

After speaking to the father Christmas Punch 'N' Judy men for over three nours on Blind workers ictable 'Feel sick'

TO DATE

Nixon's Tuesday, union president By our educatior pay protest correspondent it mind telling sick shed Dan micuarvey Der• don't tears. TEACHERS in nearly But they deserved 'an awful

SOURCE

suaded them to accept the he to stage a poten lot more areas struck vesterdav inform- formula and promised at- most widespread action he livelihoe dest nearly campaign tempts to win an improve- their one! getting too much ment in the terms being a week terviewing an army WorkerPay offered by contractors for Mr Ba Cie all Mave a eg ind It is a shocking report of *demands. a return to work.

• PAGE 4 COL. 4 -

then they unable to

WEATHER

union Measured-Day Work, tighter

STOP WILSON'S WASHINGTON

Cold war wint Some form of lesal penalty he way for tho Tuscars were eve ballots at

VISIT!

SOCIALIST LABOUR LEAGUE

less

FOR THE DEFEAT OF US

Carried

PUBLIC MEETING

VIETNAM!

IMPERIALISM IN

i Pose one mot sacat _he fi Czechoslovakia, persecution erase.

DEMONSTRATION

of Soviet intellectuals and the moderate (41 F) Communist Party Congress

SUNDAY JAN. 11

are cet ack 50, now Monday Dec. 15, 8p.m. tee cod. Maximum ol nine platers, in the ASSEMBLE: Speakers' Corner (Marble Arch), Miss Jones said that abou 2 P.M.

HOLBORN ASSEMBLY HALL

uld this habeen England, N. Ireland:

MARCH:

via Oxford Street, Regent Street, John's Mews off Northington Street (nearest tube Chancery Lane) ersh Cold. Maxi- pay camn Trafalgar Square past Downing Street.

was agreed fat there be no ht, maucation

CANNING TOWN PUBLIC HALL

Speaker: G. Healy (national secretary, Socialist Labour MEETING: Lyceum Ballroom, near Aldwych; boilermakers are

SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 29

League) ods- aximum 4 P.M. Cold. votes to three. carried Chairman: M. Banda (Editor, Workers Press) Auspices Young Socialists

DOORS OPEN AT 12 MOON

teachers their full Clan.

PAGE TWO

THE SURGE forward of Japanese capitalism in the past decade has caused surprise and some alarm in other countries. Despite repeated predic- tions that a slow-down was bound to come, each minor recession has been followed by a boom more powerful than the last. • In terms of aggregate pro- duction Japan has moved into third place, and if growth continues at the present rate for another decade it could exceed that of all the Com- mon Market countries com- bined. Many explanations have been offered for Japan's economic successes, but clearly no single factor is responsible.

The background to the post- war expansion needs to be briefly sketched in. Japan emerged as an in- dustrializing cour: *y after the Meiji Restoration of 1868 which, besides restoring the Mikardo, brought to power a new ruling group which saw that independence could only be maintained by rapidly as- similating western techniques.

The state helped to build up industries which were later handed over to private firms.

Japan resisted subordination to foreign powers and estab- lished a firm position in the Pacific area by the defeat of China in 1895 and of Russia in 1905. Japan may be said to be the last country to develop as an independent national segment of the capitalist world market.

It avoided the underdevelop- which would have ment, resulted from falling under the control of one of the Western powers as a colony or semi- colony. By 1913 the basis had laid for a modern been economy, but Japan was still far behind Britain, Germany and the United States. After the First World War the relative weight of Japan in the Pacific increased. Cheap Japanese manufactures penet- rated the traditional markets of the other exporting coun tries. Under the pressure of depression after 1929, Japan- - as m ese imperialism went on the march into the Chinese main- land of Asia. Seemed reality With the attack on Pearl Harbour a desperate bid was made to drive the United States out of the Pacific.

For a few years the Japan- ese forces swept all before them and the great co- prosperity in Asia sphere to have become a seemed reality. Once American industrial and military mobilization got under way, the disparity of forces between Japan and her enemies overwhelming. was The Japanese empire tell to pieces and in 1945 the home- land was prostrate and ruined with its main cities pounded into rubble by mass bomber attacks which culminated in by the destruction atomic bombs of Nagasaki and Hiro- shima after capitulation was a foregone conclusion. Japan thus defeated, was humiliated and occupied by the American forces. The Americans carried through a number of political social reforms and which, amongst other things, brought agrarian landlordism to an end, broke up the Zaibatsu, or giant financial trusts which had dominated the economy, and made possible the formation of independent trade unions and political parties. Immediately after the war it seemed to be the intention of the Americans to prevent Japan ever again becoming a serious economic competitor.

The onset of the Cold War, the failure of US policy of for the support Chinese Nationalists, the Chinese Revolution of 1949 and the outbreak of the Korean War in the following year changed the situation fundamentally.

Policy went into reverse.

War demand encouraged industry and recovery was aided by a massive flow of dollars to enable Japan to pur- chase vital food and raw material imports and re-equip her industries. Politically Japan remained subordinate to the USA and military forces the present have been kept down to the size presumed required for defence. Economically, however, the Korean War was the turning point; since then the Japanese economy has experienced an almost_ continuous expansion unparalleled in other parts of the world. Export lead Japan now builds three times apan- as many ships and exports three times as much steel as Britain. She sells more cameras abroad than Germany and pro- duces more cars. In many fields Japan is the world's leading exporter.

From goods the consumer and textiles which constituted her main exports in the past she has moved on to a leading position in heavy industrial equipment, machines and tools, vehicles and machine chemicals. *H**A89 In 1943, American imperiallara' to work exploitating the Japane The growth rate in 1969 will probably exceed that of last year; overall it will certainly top the 10 per cent mark, and industrial production may rise by as much as 20 per cent.

Balance of payments difficul- ties, which have temporarily slowed expansion two or three times in the past decade, are unlikely to arise. Currency reserves are now at a high level and exports are still growing. In fact Japan is now in the third year of the Inanagi Boom, named after a traditional god, the most powerful in her history. If this gives the bare bones of Japan's economic explosion, how can this success story be explained, what strains has it been accompanied by and can it all last? As has been pointed out, the resurgence of Japan re- •sulted in the first instance from alteration in American an political policy and the injec- tion of some thousands millions of dollars into the economy in the early 1950s.

This was obviously vital to get the economy moving. The forces which have kept it go production before the entire laboo: i. Abero: can imperiallam's atomic bomb reduced Japan's mais ating the Japanese working class. Above : Nagasaki.

ing are more difficult to unravel and explain. In the first place Japanese economic growth has certainly depended* upon the existence of abundant, almost unlimited supplies of labour power.

The expanding new modern sectors have been able to draw workers from the large tradi- tional artisan industries and more especially from agricul- ture. The agricultural popula- tion made up 45 per cent of the employed population 1950 but is now less than 20 per cent-which is still high ior an advanced country. Innovations There has thus been a rapid growth in the size of the work- ing class from whom surplus value could be extracted. The working class has been to the plant by traditional paternalism which has dulled class consciousness; even the trade unions are organized on a plant basis.

B.B.C.-1

9.38-11.55 a.m. Schools. 1.05 p.m.

Addola Dduw. 1.30 Watch With Mother. 1.45-1.53 News and Weather. 2.05-2.25 Schools. 4.20 Play School. 4.40 Jackanory. 4.55 Crackerjack. 5.40 Junior Points of View. 5.50 National News and Weather. 6.00 Entertaining with Kerr.

6.25 Television Brain of Britain. 6.45 The Virginian. 7.55 Not In Front Of The Children. 8.25 Golden Silents. 8.50 The Main News and Weather. 9.10 The Survivors. 10.00 Come Dancing. 10.30 24 Hours. 11.05 Free For All. 11.45 Weatherman. Regional programmes as BBC-1 except at the following times: Midlands and East Anglia: 6.00-6.25 Midlands Today, Look East, Weather. 11.47 News Summary, Weekend Weather, Prospects for Anglers, Road Works Report for the Midlands and East Anglia. North of England: 6.00-6.25 p.m. Look Weather Weather. North Headlines, 11.47 Northern News Scotland: 10.25-10.45 Around a.m. Scotland. 11.35-11.55 Modern Studies.

6.00-6.25 Scotland. 9.10-9.35 Surrent Account. 9.35-10.00 Reporting And She. 11.05-11.35 Monty

WORKERS' PRESS

ced Japan's main cities to rubble before US big busi At the same time, in the last 20 years Japanese industry has been able to take over a succession of technical in- novations and even improve upon them. In particular it has been able to apply mass-production methods in new fields and move towards higher-quality products. Japanese labour productivity was formerly low by European and still more by American standards. Intensive mechan- ization has resulted in a con- siderable lessening of the gap.

While productivity was about one third of that in Britain in 1950 it must now be approaching the same level.

By increasing its labour force as rapidly as required increase to output and by raising labour productivity by a succession of technological improvements, Japanese capit- alism has been able to impose a high rate of exploitation on the working class. Python's Flying Circus. 11.35 Epi- logue, Scottish News Headlines, Weather. Northern Ireland: 6.00-6.25 Northern Ireland News Headlines, Weather.

Wales: 1.30-1.45 Ar Lin Mam. p.m. 6.00-6.25 6.49-7.05 Heddiw. T.oS-%30 Wob en Wales Weather. 7.30-7.55 Week In Week Out. 11.05-11.30 Llygad Y Geiniog. 11.30 Free For All. West, South Weathe Headlines. News West Weather, Weekend Road Works Report.

B.B.C.-2

11.00-11.20 a.m. Play School.

7.00 What Are The Facts: About Cannabis. 7.30 Newsroom and Weather. 8.00 Wheelbase. 8.25 The First Churchills.

9.10 The French Cinema: 'Summer Manoeuvres' with Gerard Philipe and Brigitte Bardot. Westminster At Work. 10.50 re US big business could get Although wage levels have risen, the gains to capital have been proportionately much larger. As a consequence Japanese investment rates have been the highest in the world and have made possible the closing of the technological and pro- ductivity gap with the other advanced countries within a record time and at an un- exampled rate. labour force, The until recently, has expanded in line with the needs of capital.

At the same time wage have risen so that, levels although the major economic effort has gone into capital- building on a huge scale, the internal market for consumer goods has grown too. Demand for housing and similar facilities has been kept in check by government policy which has aimed all the time to facilitate a high level of accumulation and investment by private firms. 11.50 News Summary and Weather. 11.15 Line Up.

I.T.V.

11.00-11.55 a.m. Schools. 1.40- 3.00 p.m. Schools. 4.10 How About You? 4.40 Hatty Town.

4.55 Lost In Space. 5.50 News.

6.03 Today. 6.30 Today. 7.00 London Weekend Televi. sion starts. Wheel Of Fortune. 7.00 7.30 Strange Report. 8.30 Curry and Chips. 9.00 Hawaii Five-O. 10.00 News At Ten. Frost On Friday. 10.30 11.15 Hadleigh. 12.10 Father D'Arcy a.M. Remembers. Il Independent channels as Londo TV except at the following timer CHANNEL: 4.50 p.m. Pulin's Birthday 4.35 Thunderbirds. Channel and Weather. Channel Report. 6.35 Crossroads.

A Date With Danton. 7.05 Randall and Hopkirk (Deceased). 8.00 The and Chipe Untouchables. 9.00

C"TT.10 N.Y.P.D.

9.30 Parkin's Patch. 11.35 News and Weather In French, Weather.

SOUTHERN:

4.00 4:17 Hatty lousepart) 4.15 News Headlines. 4.30 Crossroads. 4.55 The Forest Rangers. 5.20 Captain Scarlet and The The colossal rate of exploitation base of which is at the the current boom has stirred sections of the Japanese working class into retaliation. Above: Novem- ber 1968. demonstration in Yoyogi Park, Tokyo, against rising prices. As a force sustaining the expansion a crucial role has evidently been played by foreign trade. On the one hand Japan has little in the way of raw materials. For example, although Japan has built up a shipbuilding and giant steel, heavy engineering industry.

almost all the iron ore and half of the coal used has to be imported. On the other hand, Japanese industry could not exist with- out the export market. The ability of exports to grow has thus been the basis of the whole expansion. This growth has been made possible both by the general growth in world trade through the 1950s and 1960s and by Japan's growing share of this trade.

Could suffer The current boom, for example, is based upon the rapid expansion of the world market in the past year or so and would be bound to suffer from any check to its expan- sion. Japan's dependence upon foreign trade causes anxiety about the balance of payments which has shown a tendency to swing rapidly from a sur- plus to a deficit. The government has tightly controlled imports and has pushed exports. It has, however, come under increasing American pressure to open up the Japanese market both to commodity trade and to foreign (i.e. American) capital. The advantages of Japanese industry in the world market have been won by a combina- tion technological pro- ficiency with low labour costs.

To hold the first of these advantages industry has taken big risks, notably by expand- ing capacity ahead of demand and resorting to financial and accounting practices which in Europe or America would be regarded as a prelude to disaster. Continued expansion has enabled a succession of gambles to pay off and has swallowed up the mistakes and misjudgements so that only the triumphs have been seen. Moreover, Japan has been able to take advantage of the difficulties of other capitalist countries to push into the world market. Japanese capitalists, backed by the government, have been 1 The tie up between Chrysler and Mitsubishi last June may foreshadow a new trend. SouthEast 60 DOlD Too 900 South-East. Сигту and Chips. 7.30 Marcus Welby M.D. 8.30 Parkin's Patch. 9.00 Happy iver After. 11.15 Weekend and Sour ern News Extra, 11.25 Cinema.

11.55 Weather Forecast. The Chuches' Tele- vision Centre. WESTWARD:4.10 p.m. Westward News Headinies. 4.12 Peyton Place. 4.40 The Gus Honeybun Show. 4.55 Thunder- birds. 6.00 Westward Diary. 6.25 Sports Desk. 6.35-10.00 As Channel. 11.15 Faith For Life. 11.21 Weather. 455 as:10 Paven.55

HARLECH:

Time For Me. Arthur. 5.20 Very, Very Varied. 6.01 Report.

6.20 Batman. 6.35 Crossroads. 7.60 The Friday Film: In Then Nick Starring Ian Anthony 11.15 Report-Sport. North Harlech (Wales) .27.00 Welshscene Curry Cowboy 4.30 Horror Film: Zucco Ford. 12.32 orm. Reflection In

MIDLANDS:

News 8.15 Peyton Headline a Thunderbirds. Friday, November 28, 1968 able to take maximum advant- age of a number of favourable factors since 1950 which have not existed on the same scale or in the same combination anywhere else. In Marxist terms this has been a process of expanded reproduction. A constantly growing volume of surplus value has been from the working extracted class which has been growing in size and has become more productive. This surplus value has been realised through the growth of the foreign market, in a rapid investment at home rate of and, to a lesser degree, in a home rise consumption, especially of modern mass- produced goods embodying a ligh level of technology (e.g.

TV, motorcycles, cars, domes- tic appliances). Impressive The constant build-up of capital equipment is one of the most impressive aspects of the expansion. Armaments have had a negligible role, amounting only to about 1 per cent of national income, but there is a strong drive on the part of the in- dustrial trusts to push this up in order to open a further market for their products. ' Why has the expansion gone on for so long? Because Japan started from a lower level of productivity and total production than other industrial countries. eep capitalist class could labour costs down and aggre- gate profits high while invest- ing and more more advanced industrial equipment.

Japan has thus been able to retain a keen competitive edge in foreign markets. The successes of Japanese cars in the US market, at the expense in particular German and British firms, is a sign of the times. A dozen years ago Japan was a minor car producer; now it stands second only to the USA. The close tie-up between government and business aids continuous adjustment of pro- duction to changing demand on the world market. So does the fact that indus- trial firms are linked together into giant financial groups, like the pre-war Zaibatsu, which have interests in all sections of the economy. Production can be readily switched from one line to another. As a result some Japanese industries have declined or stagnated (such as textiles and food processing) while others have shot up from practically nothing in a few years. Even the market for such items as cameras, scooters and motor cycles is about saturated and the drive is now towards engineering products, chemi- advanced cals, industrial equipment (electronics, auto- mation) and vehicles. All this requires a high level of investment-roughly a third of national income-and thus of savings and credit. The current boom is primarily an investment boom, linked as always with the un- expectedly rapid expansion of the world market in the past two years. It does include an ex- pansion of home market demand, especially the spec- tacular growth in car owner- ship and heavy outlays on highways and city reconstruc- tion. It is these signs of change, of 'modernization', with hectic pace of living and the transformation of the urban scene going on at the same time, which most impresses foreign visitors. Reading reports from gov- ernment from sources or knowledgeable experts it is clear that underneath the surface there• major are problems and anxieties. These will be reviewed in the next article tomorrow.

& Japanese firms hold patent rights and manufacturing capacity to permit a rapid build- up of armaments should that be required. a.m. Pulse. Weather Forecast.

News Head- lines. 4.02 Houseparty. 4.20 I've Married A Bachelor. 4.55 Tarzan. 6.00 Calendar, Weather. 6.30 Wheel of Fortune. 7.00 Parkin's Patch. 7.30 Randall and Hopkirk (De- easy nd Mpas Well More 9.30 Chips. 10.30 Yorksport. 11.00 Frost on Friday. 11.45 Late Weather. GRANADA: 4.15 p.m. News Headlines followed by Hatty Town. 4.25 The Short Story. 5.00 Rocket Robin Hood.

5.20 Captain Scarlet and the Myster• ons. 6.00 Newsview. 6.05 The Beverley Hillbillies. 6.30 All Our Yesterdays. 7.00 Parkin's Patch. Day me And Chips. 8.00 The Friday Film: an Hendry and Ronald lanette Scott Beauty Jungle' Fraser. 11.15 Hadleigh. Newroom. 4.10 How .m.

TYNE TEES: 4.08

North East About You. 4.53 East Newsroom. 4.55 Land Of The Glants. 6.00 Today At Six. 6.30 Perton Place. 7.00 Parkin's Patch. 7.30 Cared. 9.0d Hades: 11.15 Your World , 8.44 Untouch- ber. On Friday. 11.45 Late News Extra. 12 midnight The Name Of The Game.

SCOT Tomrade 23s Son 5% 4.30 Crossroads. Arthur. Skippy. 6.00 Scotland Now. 6.30 Wheel Of Fortune. 7.00 Parkin's Patch. 7.30 The Peyton Place Hour. 8.30 I've Mar. ried A Bachelor. 9.00 Hadleigh. 11.15 In Camera. 11.45 Sez Les. 12.15 a.m.

Late Call. Goes Hay Pown. Nevo Head- lines. 4.17 Hatty 4.30 Castle Haven. ( 4.55 Thunderbirds. 6.00 Gram- lan News. 6.10 Why On Earth? 6.35 Crossroads. 7.00 The Dave King Show.

The Avengers. 9.00 It Takes A Thief. 11.15 The Human Jungle.

Friday, November 28, 1969 THIS BOOK is of special and political interest importance to the mem- bers and supporters of the Fourth International.

It records the life and death of Ludwik Poretsky (better by his pseudonym known 'Ignace Reiss') the Polish Com- munist who broke from Stalin's secret police and was murdered by NKVD agents in Switzer- land on November 4, 1937.

But it is more than a bio- graphy. Reiss's widow throws a revealing light on the activi- ties and methods of the Soviet bureaucracy's agencies in the capitalist countries. The main section of the book describes the gradual crystallization of communist opposition to Stalinism within the foreign department of the

NKVD.

Many communists, Reiss and his comrades included, joined the Soviet espionage service because they saw, correctly, that the Soviet Union had to use all weapons, including spy- ing, to defend itselt against imperialism until the next round of workers' revolutions freed the USSR from the danger of intervention. But instead of spying on the ruling class of the capitalist powers, Reiss found that he was being used for counter- revolutionary ends. Secret apparatus NAD apare in Trained were being trained to work inside the Communist Parties of western Europe as informers Soviet for the bureaucracy, thus establishing a secret apparatus totally in- dependent of the Communist International, which in theory was the highest body of the world movement. Another group, whose activi- ties were even more closely guarded, underwent highly specialist training to prepare them for work inside tenden- cies opposed to Stalinism from a Marxist standpoint. Foremost amongst these groups was of course the inter- national Left Opposition, which in 1933 became the nucleus for the Trotskyist Fourth International. Stalin's witch-hunt against revolutionaries in western Europe proceeded hand in hand with the murder of the Bolshevik Party in the Soviet Union. essential part It was an of the counter-revolutionary of the Soviet strategy bureaucracy. It could not rest secure until all Leninist opposition had been crushed-not just in the Soviet Union, but in all the key sections of the inter- national workers' movement.

This was the NKVD's task.

The methods used by Stalin's agents were the same every- In its fight against where. Bolshevism, the Soviet bureau- The chief Prosecutor at all three Moscow Trials was Vyshinsky. During and even after th 917 revolution and the civ war he remained a right-wing Menshevik and a bitter enemy of Bolshevism. It was only after the defeat of the Left Opposition that his career began to prosper. Genuine opponents of Bol- shevism were called as wit- nesses for the prosecution, giving false evidence that they collaborated with Bukharin and other communist leaders • attempt to kill Lenin in an in 1918. In the west, it was the same story. Stalin's against the war Fourth International could not be fought out in the working class on the basis of political discussion or debate, as Mrs Poretsky's book shows. The same methods and social forces employed in were France, Spain and other centres of resistance to Stalin, as in the torture chambers of Mas- and the concentration cow camps of the north. When Mrs Poretsky warned a close friend against returning to Moscow (where the purges were already in full swing) he replied: "They will kill here [Paris] just as easily. They can do it.

You may not know this, but I know how powerful they are.

There are some White officers here who do the job for them.

They know how to do it. They betray their own people and they will enjoy killing a communist.' (Page 214. Our emphasis.) Murder machine Stalin's agents had con- structed an intricate murder machine in western Europe, recruited largely from the depraved anti-Bolshevik rem- nants that scattered all over Europe after their defeat at the end of the Russian civil war. A special centre was set up by the NKVD in Paris to recruit these specialists in fighting Bolshevism. It was known as "The Union for Repatriation of Russians Abroad'. But few Russians made their way home under the auspices of this body. Stalin had more pressing work for them in the West: "This organization prospered mysteriously, and some of its members, among them vener- able bearded Orthodox priests with heavy crosses on their breasts, must have wondered where the money was coming from, since so few Russians wanted to be, were, or repatriated. 'The Soviets needed notable as Orthodox émigrés such priests to give the organization a semblance of respectability ... it was the younger set the Soviets needed, men who could 28X 8

WORKERS' PRESS

by Robert Black and Jim Duffy to kill 1 morns son Leon How the Stalinists Trotsky's Sedov. When Sedov fell ill, 'Etienne' insisted that he enter statied émigré Russian murdered Ignace Reiss' doctors. Successfustraight After an apparent slapse and dist Once again, it is now know that 'Etienne was responsibl that for ensuring Sedov hospital Siterming with NEVD agents.

entered All became Pore heater he man who murdered Trotsk " Mexico by posing as a porter rolrun Inter gain access Trotsky's private study. Seamen's Union The Kremlin was very con cerned that Trotskyists work- the transport ships at that was ho Protos A per

SEDOV

REISS

Fourth Inte Some woes, agents supplies salted almos st entirely by emigre eport on •ober's 10 middle of the all Trotsk into Fr non and ep the ND parations Corterence of the Fourn inter

'OUR OWN PEOPLE'

the aparmens where the break int A memoir of 'Ignace Reiss' and his friends informed ch contacts being establishe Klement, By Elisabeth K. Poretsky International, suspected there vanished urth was evidence As Mrs Poretsky Oxford, 42s. that mould kill: Cp. 23 hat might work (p. 238.) later greatevik a bans Stalin sec the Fiver Seine. of inside the Trotskyist group in • постанол Fourth International, f the USSR Rei Serge Not e roaky not, dith of not pony The rom the Fourt after from Russiai oon to detect tror counter - revolutionary policies Reiss, of Stalinism. emieres. orcanzed, as Intendia, was Trotsky's Fourth respect kudol mement. LOOrOVSK talin's NKVI completely broke Guards the White too. international. In exie m rrance. their munist opposition to Stalinism.

gangster Repression in the Highlands activities. (far higher than eny worke Poretsky's book describes the revenge suffered activities of one of the Stalinis they CAPITALISM exists for the unaoubtedl profit, even if it means

"THE HIGHLAND CLEARANCES

material destruction and by John Prebble Sealership st the four part Liquidation Penquin 8s. 6d. human misery. Nak intained time the the Stalin Prebble's book the on morker as a pot loyal Bolsheviks Highland Clearances reminds Trotskyist Soviet movement in France. Rebellion us of such a chapter in the tor spendthrit chiefs as oney 'the clutches curned Chers into mere anxious bureaucracy. social history of the capitalist wel- for rents instead of the indulged themselves in Edin all oMthem approyed staints Stalin's agent fare people. ot then Ur burgh and London Prebble puts it: hem aDor feat of lane that with liquidation of

USURPED

clans at Were thosthiefs lost their (p. 238.) defeat CU-

THE LAND

in 1746, tribal them loden, society lost powers + Reiss and his wife, realizing in Britain smashed So gradually was parenta Interes ever, clansmen." wool and mutton increase makin. Way ploitation the Highland the indistin copulation of planted as a stalinist agent in al cas Jarge returns industral Chlet The failure of the Jacobite In his letter to the Central usurDed unen and AS main citadel tion employment spending thus pressure ane *American capitalism blem forced rates the beyond of the world imperialist which system the United States concentrates within itsell workers other add still further all the contradictions of Supporte the capitalist mode 10 million, to its pre-war 9 or Vierian or cray To the production in its imperi- the scale nothing. American but th read off vhich is unprecedented ir alist stage. the i colonial-type war perial paras indice productiol It is drawn inevitably into t spared of parise nanonal mcome. technolos lives of itself in com- every social crisis and con and the flict, into economic problem and contradiction of youth and, in the perhaps ghettos or

ODDO

hens re- sition to the Vietnam war.

purely local i berat intel more than character, whether in Europe world involve or in any other part of the United state despite will or its ruler capitalist world. ideology tortoo" into all the great corrupted most the Lor a end internal chalenning indicates with communicates: s ietnam, briden both they almost cer- from receives Ameri- tainly posed most sharpl connection the impulses which , while fight- and fought out most decisively n working ca

INTERCONNECTION

for there. ing tenaciously Aps and deves of the w World In the maments o sphere, has not con politically in an role American of imper walism ments to us its and employe continued ment confidence and a paralysis military becomes power, strung s of the American been many round the But that is not all that the 8-21 destroy represents® The ort also a, principa! inter ture Cause Bill eason impose diona budget and 8 cent oi the gross nationa cent needs Confict witt die of one ends an hat e working class. mana be to secon of tree e terprise effects The United States its sociali real character of imperialism, objective condition strains in the United * assume the nil had evere States to breaking paint, force assume more and into adi gmamiy of old skins immigrant •and not impenalist workers T America ping on the dollar ad theori situation and thu politica dollar as a world attribute positions auto and mation world role. curse a Undoubtedly the anscas rol teadfast i that no job is really safe, * the Fourth intemation:

PAGE THREE

from the anarchism of his youth: I did not know Serge well enough ither, but | knew about him to be cautious.

'Serges's natural curiousit lad made him keep seeing all kinds of people, Party mem- bers, ex-Party members, former anarchists, every kind of oppositionist, until the very day he was arrested, in Lenin- grad in 1933 ... carrying on as he did exposed others as as himself to danger.' well (p. 245.) It was Serge who informed Zborovsky of the defection of the Reisses, and, after Ignace's murder, introduced the NKVD agent to his widow. The Trotskyist movement has come a long way since the terrible period described in this book. Expose agents But its very growth, together with the profound crisis of world Stalinism, must inevit- ably sharpen the conflict be- tween ourselves and the Soviet bureaucracy and its inter- national supporters. Much still remains to be told about Marc Zborovsky, who today lectures in anthro- pology at Berkeley University, San Fransisco. And there are many still living and active in the labour movement that could help to tell it. All Marxists have a duty to expose the activities of Stalin- ist agents in the revolutionary and working-class movement, before they strike any new blows. Next year we commemorate the 30th anniversary of Trot- sky's assassination. Let us at the same time resolve that we will prevent such blows being struck against.

the Fourth International in the future. Mrs Poretsky's book warns us that in this period Stalinist crisis, we must be prepared for everything. turned clan cattle lands into large sheep farms, from com- mon into private property.

Marx, in 1853, denounced the Clearances and commented thus: "There could be no question, under this (tribal) system, of private property ... the Clan is nothing in but family a organized a military manner, quite as little defined just as closely by laws, hemmed in by traditions, as any family. But the land is the family' property of the (Marx's emphasis.) Because of the drive- for profit, from the latter half of the 18th century and most of the 19th, sheep were intro- duced in their thousands to the glens and mountains, re- quiring just a few shepherds to tend them. And to make way for sheep, clansmen were cruelly evicted from their crofts--evictions that resulted in the burning of cottages and the beating or sometimes killing of defence- less men, women and children.

LARGE-SCALE

EMIGRATION

Thousands were forced to live on barren coasts, many dying of hunger, while others emigrated in droves to North America or simply joined the the industrial pro- ranks of letariat in the Lowlands.

The landlords showed no and in this were mercy, zealously supported by the police, legal profession and, of course, clergy, who told the evictions Highlanders that were 'God's will' and must be obeyed. While this is an useful book for Marxists, Prebble's short- coming is that he believes history of this epoch could have been changed had the Highlanders produced a leader to rally them against evictions . of and capitalist domination their land.

IMPOSSIBLE

NOTION

But this idealist notion was impossible; the old clans were anachronism within apitalist society, unable t vist in the same old wavs And yet Prebble is right when he says: 'We have not become so civilized in our behaviour, or more concerned for profit that this story holds no lesson for For that lesson must be nationalization of the land, without compensation, under workers' control.

PAGE FOUR

THE SOVIET Ambassador to Greece had a long meeting in Athens on Wednesday with Mr Pipinelis, the Foreign Minister of the anti-communist Greek military regime. The official Athens news agency said that both were discussed at mutual and international questions Lucas-CAV some length. The same report stated that both officials had agreed on steps to strengthen bilateral economic workers and cultural relations. Other matters discussed included the Warsaw Pact want traffic proposals for an all-inclusive conference on 'European Security', which has as its aim the merging of Nato control and the Warsaw Pact into

•III

a single 'collective security' While relations between the A THOUSAND Lucas-CAV organization. Greek regime and Fazakerly, manv CaD1. workers These talks between the cooled tailct countries nave Liverpool, held up traffic Soviet bureaucracy and the over the last few months, the for an hour on Wednes- reverse has taken place representatives of the anti- Kremlin. dav when ther occupied working class military dic- Diplomatic er Sovie outside their the road tatorship supplement the that factories. been trade already has ecotanons 'correct' ob- Athens the most progress Last workers in these week. servance Int customar between Soviet and Greek factories held similar dinlomatic protocol officials. Timely be- inning and end of shifts.

Big pay An operator at the Lucas fac.

Ts Ciskackin frodo ibs * fo mst: aas acci- finds this -bads imo st the claim for Stalinist friends imely ago. that the fac was workerd doom last Friday.

junta faces a concerted . allack psychiatric at the next Council of Europe 'If we go on strike we quickly meeung on wecember ic. wnen vath obie pier attemots will mace 'nreccilmize' The mistast nurses won't regime into adopting at least iP the policeman few the traffic', control constitutional government. convenor Ray Reynolds told CLAIMS for big pay rises diplomats meeting held the with for psychiatric nurses were workers betore they marched of Greece dictators into the road. submitted yesterday to the and camps side of the The meeting unanimously management

LACUS•

nurses' midwives' and ands fighters. acreed to car our a 900- Whitley Council. including demonstration every mant mem bers Wernesdav inti the the hanned and hounded A spokesman for the Royal authorities took satisfactory G-reer Communic PArty College Nursing, tortured and jaled for ite.

savagely beaten biggest organization represented the And this is by no means the CourC.. limit of Stalinist teachery and said: Rover Nurses must get economic cynin sm mistice now. hecause they are that people Ambassador extreme u lnva! thet draught haue heen avninitad tor long and confidential chat too long and have • been ex- with the military restme pected make best 'Pravda' featured a renort or strike conditions and the events ledino un to the "The Pay. Athens colin present salaries thịs real face Thic ic the counter-revolutionary Stalin- mental nurse, SnOH over be statement aoso ute all, by relentlessly correct. Binet of pursuing the WORKERS at the Rover Rise car company's Solihull plant led workin& student mental nurse yesterday ended their strike into over 21 during each class rightitary tha tonr draughty working training £665 €692 against and E719: the claim and conditions caused by holes 5900- and Bolster in the factory wall. enrolled 2000 An salary Production had been at nurses from £780-£925 stage of the be- 3500 cars walld Thic firet £950-€1,120. traval completed, the final still for the second dav.

The psychiatric touches are undertaken by the nurses than oir ters claim follows the demand last Soviet bureaucracy, archi. More cold, reusin. out because week for nurses of management general hospitals, who The tul co-existence and duffle conducting working class of oTer coals roof' perialism. campaign for more pay secret diplomacy holster now stens

GREET

the zn_cmmnıc| rAo1mE an nc țhe Sinno t that

WORKERS PRESS

even many capitalist govern- ments would not dare to give.

A British fitish s me Inisd the leaders the Party silent on these disgusting manoeuvres Kremlin accented Sovet namic nation in the Buronean game: held in Greece recently, ever 'Morning thanah tha (to po' featured reports protests British participation in This 15 : Athens games Stalinism. Unless completely the internation at public meetings in workerst movement. betravals nrenare even worce in the titure See the film of the first issue being prepared and printed and the film 'Young Socialists, 1969'

D.A.T.A:

NEWCASTLE

men fear Sunday, November 30, 7.30 p.m.

isolation County Hotel, Neville Street

LEEDS

David Browns Sunderland reduction

BRAMAN

factorof their lock-out, pears now ninth week Wednesday, December 3, 8 p.m.

sical. re dee tut The 'Old Bar' Students' Union, Leeds University unions represented the factory problem at David CLIFF SLAUGHTER (Central Committee member, The real the Brown's Socialist Labour League) acreement in Durham earlier signer Tn1s JOHN NOLAN (Young Socialists) between VAaT the the G&MWU and th c mangaa ment.

CANTERBURY

agreemont !ndor th ic various productivity strings conceded and included Monday, December 8, 8 p.m.

the factory. action it The Cornwallis Building

AEF

member whe it the lad when, University of Canterbury wert have tha local atinalc have ctennod

LIVERPOOL

hla aladdaty antion hor no official support. fusing to give This tune of splitting tactic, which hac already Sunday, December 14, 7.30 p.m.

Grangemouth Boilermake Shaftesbury Hotel, Mount Pleasant object inter-union Speakers at Newcastle, Liverpool and Canterbury will

DATA

lock-out is in- The ficht be: canarahlv lin ked the „bzn neodcv MIKE BANDA (Editor of Workers' Press) penal clauses Train aomo SHEILA TORRANCE (National Secretary of the struggle to minot unite in the Young Socialists) throw out the Durham

WORKERS' PRESS

Friday, November 28, 1969

THE 15-WEEK-OLD

strike at Better Sound Reproductions, East Kilbride, was ended on a basis of a deal made between the govern- ment, the trade union leadership and the company directors.

The main instigator of this deal was the Commission on Industrial Relations, which intervened with its representa-

BY ROBERT BLACK

tive Blakeman after 12 weeks of the strike when it became clear that under

FROM BOB SHAW

no conditions would the strikers return without full trade union recognition.

The agreement signed by hain ancon the Don of da,

• FROM PAGE ONE

including similar lected industry: Tor Amalgamated are to inding and era of Engineering and Foundryworkers, is full of United force class compromise Break Tom effectivelyer *The future prosperity of the capitalist chickens the industrys weavin wil move outh, many of role the and daughtere scot war against unionists Makeman day a OTR itll to sprinklin important enough of the through their right ron that base Rent or betel resumed the agree mont signed wages and conditions. as one of the rterhaps they are too at all costs fight a Is the Communist Party, it biggest of these Join forces not ther strikers pressures Brit me Transport General th union leaders mination payment-by. carworkers without comment?

with Supported working class.

SILENT

97257435349 Lee to ts Now on Time prepares for fur- trip A tracede whereve NS, revealed during from the ting student Cot le Paid jointly campaign a specialist on trade union see. conclusions whatsoever. Good account traduatact • ine Morning stat columns of striketermined face By our foreign correspondent SOVIET newspapers yesterday featured reports

GOVERNMENTS

of of a speech by Defence Minister Marshal Mrs Union the Soviet and Grechko made at a meeting of junior officers on five other Warsaw Pact build a suct nist leaders Tuesday. powers (Bulgaria. Last but Rumania artials He called for 'a constant Germany, Poland, expiate the build-up' of Soviet military Czechoslovakia and does not strength because of the Hungary) issued Moscow continuing threat from the President one In sign olalculcill West. yesterday pledging redits for the prosecution the Arab naming them to DuDDUlL for a just settle the Marshal troops . spoke ment the forces comes statement mplete fraud. succu scarco anu cisewnci alter renewed Arab nacion- Will con nuing workers surely be an alist pressure arms race Neither did the the Arab and bhild ther militant line against Israeli reverets of world peace. reference talks arms talist pastieon Lollism. Missing SUSA to called 'effective for support to the Arab pe ment was uny min struggle Made to order withdrawal Israeli ech was made to order, o parliamentary boat because y remains ampere

JET DRAMA

lism. Minate crate Nixon ratta ed. wast soMmised houses and Sitin on easter Brope by imper fact, • пансате *the cory miss ease yester spells danger someone in fee It only colall the people di Meanwhile in alinalins Is standara stalinist

NOW

T.U.C. chiefs to meet against imperialism and bushes ke manner. Castle on wage freeze

YEMEN

sides eave it

TROOPS

the TUC leaders on the teten OR Et for three monthe tion of statutory powers over

CLASH WITH

TUC

habout I would like to subscribe to Workers' Press for

FEISAL'S

TV profit drop The TUC chiets are to get a

ARMY

For betore the metie. claims orked out she Al radenh Frontier pot Name First to Dec to Tentivat mitted comes Act into second outbreak Address The se suda Arabia win senatime In Stroot, Condon Swore: D-720-200 Prichered Inc assistance rese dono forces whatever for any