Workers Press no. 828

workers press

AUGUST PLANS FOR RULE BY DECREE?

DANGEROUS DAYS

IN SHOWDOWN WITH

INCORPORATING THE NEWSLE

DAILY ORGAN OF THE CENTRA

BY CLIFF SLAUGHTER

the DANGERS face class as the showdown At the end of the most than their sending of enemy momentous week in Bri- Ulster. 4,000 extra troops to 22,000 This brings the total to tish political and indus- for a population only one seventh trial history since the of that of Greater London! This should leave no doubt about the 1926 General Strike, the scale of the repressions they will lines of combat are now prepare for Britain. Not but SO obvious, more clearly and tightly drawn.

profound in historic signifi- its Britain's 42,000 dockers is the way in which Heath cance, TV Wednesday last insisted national strike came out on

UII

of arrogantly on the authority yesterday and on Monday they the House of Lords as 'the highest wil be joined in a massive one- court in the land'. day stoppage by workers in the The Upper House is a body of West of Scotland, the Midlands and life peers hereditary elected and unions in national two by nobody and answerable to a survival from the days newspapers. nobody, medieval retained The country is headed inescap- of oppression, ably for General Strike- by the capitalist class bul- -the only as d what it wark for its own power. on day guesuon IS This decaying, parasitic peerage begins. with The Tories, waving the black is used confirm now finality the authority of the new flag of 'law and order', are every day provoking the working class National Industrial Relations Court, a court battles. The with the powers into new working class itself, driven by hatred and and purposes of new 'star chamber, designed to apprehend contempt for a Tory Government which openly sets out to destroy and jail all those who challenge the power and decisions of the its basic rights, 1S rejecting in of employing class. action the class-collaboration This the is why capitalist trade union and Labour leaders. paper atter another, appearing August 9, yesterday the On parliament goes atter newspaper into its nine-week summer recess.

strike, compared the trade unions During Tory the that the and dockers with lawless period 'feudal barons' government will rule without whơ must be authority. the check of parliamentary subjected to even state debate and public accountability.

In the writhings of its senile decay, the Heath and his Cabinet will not bourgeoisie tries to hesitate for summon up the force, the inspir- one minute longer the than ation, mission, which its necessary to resert to rule through Privy ancestors had the and by decree the 16th Council. The first step will be a 17th centuries. state of emergency next week in But it does so this time as dying class, dock strike. The crisis-ridden, lashing to tne of from out desperately rather than recalled use troops con- fidently. Germany'is in preparation.

essential It does not face move

OUL-

moded and corroded feudalism, supplies, The background these but a powerful working class with to prospects is and the the future in its hands. ominous All the Tories' talk about de- greatest treachery of the Labour, union and Stalinist leaders fending democracy from the trade that they do the power of the unions is designed 1S not warn working class of this situation.

to lay the foundation of Nothing could right-wing dictatorship. reveal more pressive brutally the real face of the Tory

TURN TO PAGE 12

NEWSLETTER • SATURDAY JULY 2S

CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE

Hundreds of police arrived outsi picket line of dockers and prin

SEVERAL HUNDRED

dockers marched from a Tower Hill rally yester- day afternoon to join print workers from Briant Colour Printings Ltd, Peckham, after they claimed police brutality against pickets. A large force of police stood three deep outside the gates of an associated company Robert Horne's, South- wark factory, facing 400 print workers and dockers. A team of negotiators headed by Bill Freeman, the Briant work-in com- mittee leader, talked with the management behind the gates. asking They were Y JULY 29, 1972 • No. 828 4p

OF THE SOCIALIST LABOUR LEAGUE

rived outside Robert Horne's factory in Southwark late yesterda and printworkers supporting the occupation at Briant Colour Pi use the management to Horne's will take legal influence which they action against the trade had when they closed unionists who are down the Briant plant the right to demanding to get it reopened. work. While pickets Tower the Earlier at a stood from Prestige, four Hill rally Freeman claimed that on Thurs- printers from another Horne company, day night 30 pickets had walked out in solidarity.

been despatched to the When the talks ended associated of company the after pickets were told Robert Horne's that Horne's would only rumours that several promise to halt lorries * lorries going to were at the picket line until attempt to break the 4 p.m. on Monday. This picket line of two men was a breach of previous and two women who were there. verbal guarantees, the claimed pickets said. Police had The fear now is that that the larger picket asterdavo cedraway olour Printing was illegal and moved in to break it up. We got such a miding off the it's not said. He a SO SOGAT official Norman been by police assaulted police Ine

DACK

Yall About 250 Briant Colour WOrKerS nave occupying their been Old Kent Road factory for six weeks bid In stave off closure Horne's are Briant's largest creditors. The picket Horne's had Deen reduced wille the future plant were in progress.

workers press

AUGUST PLANS FOR RULE BY DECREE?

DANGEROUS DAYS

IN SHOWDOWN WITH

INCORPORATING THE NEWSLE

DEL ORGAN DE THE CENTRA

BY CLIFF SLAUGHTER

face the class as the showdown At the end of the most than their sending of enemy momentous week in Bri- 4,000 Ulster. extra troops to This brings the 22,000 tish political and indus- tota to for a population only one seventh trial history the of that Greater London! This since of 1926 General Strike, the should leave no doubt about the will scale of the repressions they lines of combat are now prepare for Britain. Not but SO obvious, more clearly and tightly drawn.

profound in historic signifi- its Britain's 42,000 dockers cance, is the way in which Heath IV national strike on last Wednesday insisted came out on arrogantly of on the authority yesterday and on Monday they the House of Lords as 'the highest wil be joined in a massive one- court in the land'. day stoppage by workers in the The Upper House is a body of West of Scotland, the Midlands hereditary and life peers elected and two unions national in by nobody and answerable to newspapers. nobody, a survival from the days of medieval The country is headed inescap- oppression, retained ably for General Strike by the capitalist as a bul- the only class wark for its own question is on what day DOwer. This decaying, parasitic peerage begins. Tories, confirm The is used with waving the black now finality the flag of 'law and order', authority of the new are every National Relations day provoking the working class Industrial Court, a court with the into new battles. The working powers class itself, driven by and purposes 'star hatred and chamber' designed to apprehend contempt for a Tory Government and jail all those who challenge which openly sets out to destroy the power and decisions of the its basic rights, rejecting in 1S action the class-collaboration of emphisings class. the trade and Labour why one capitalist after leaders. paper another, appearing On August 9, parliament goes yesterday after the newspaper strike, co into its nine-week summer recess.

compared the trade unions During. the Tory that period and dockers with lawless barons' will 'feudal who without government rule must be even the check of parliamentary subjected to state authority. the debate and public accountability.

writhings of its senile Heath and his Cabinet will not decay, the tries bourgeoisie to hesitate for summon up the force, the inspir- one minute longer the than necessary to resert to rule ation, mission, which its through the Privy had in the 16th and by decree ancestors Council. The first step will be a 17th centuries. state of emergency next week in But it does so this time as a The dying class, answer the dock strike. crisis-ridden, lashing to of recalled from out desperately rather than con- use troops fidently. Germany, It essential does face move moded and corroded is in preparation. supplies, feudalism, The these but a powerful working class with background to and the the future in its hands. prospects is ominous Tories' talk about de- greatest treachery of the Labour, All the union and Stalinist leaders fending democracy from the trade that they do the power of the unions is designed is not, warn working class of this situation.

to lay the foundation of re- could dictatorship. Nothing reveal more pressive right-wing brutally the real face of the Tory

TURN TO PAGE 12

: NEWSLETTER • SATURDAY JULY 2º

CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE

Hundreds of police arrived outsi picket line of dockers and prin

SEVERAL HUNDRED

dockers marched from a Tower Hill rally yester- day afternoon to join workers Briant Colour Printings Ltd, Peckham, after they claimed police brutality against pickets. A large force of police stood three deep outside the gates of an associated company Robert Horne's, South- wark factory, facing 400 print workers and dockers. A team of negotiators headed by Bill Freeman, the Briant work-in com- mittee leader, talked with the management behind the gates. They asking were

Y JULY 29, 1972

• 4p No. 828

OF THE SOCIALIST LABOUR

rived outside Robert Horne's fac tory i and printworkers supporting the occ management to use the influence which they had when they closed down the Briant plant to get it reopened. While the pickets outside, stood four printers from Prestige, another Horne company, walked out in solidarity.

When the talks ended the pickets • were told that Horne's would only promise to halt lorries '" lor at the picket line until 4 p.m. on Monday. This was a breach of previous the verbal guarantees, pickets said. The fear now is that

LABOUR LEAGUE

• factory In Southwark late yesterday ng the occupation at Briant Colour Pr Horne's will take legal action against the trade unionists who are demanding the right to work. Earlier at a Tower Hill rally Freeman claimed that on Thurs- day night 30 pickets had been despatched to the associated company of Robert Horne's after rumours that several ries "" lorries were going to attempt to break the picket line of two men. and two women who were there. Police had claimed that the larger picket big yesterday to clear away a was illegal and moved to break it : up. 'we got such a niding off police Salot Bill Freeman true, He SOGAT official Norman Pennington had been by police assaulted back police 250 About Briant Colour WOrKers davi at ad factor their been Old Kent for six in a bid • stave or cosure Horne's are Briant's creditors. The largest picket at had Horne's Deed Wille talks het thee com any the future work-in were in progress.

What we think Puppet troops routed PAGE 2 Workers Press, Saturday July 29, 1972 'hoodwink the.

PEKING'S

year-long to of masses'. silence on the fate said he had Lin Piao, the former It Minister who 'attempted a coup d'etat Defence and tried to assassinate' Mao : Ise- once was Mao. 'After this plot tung's right-hand man was foiled, he fled on ended yesterday with a 12 towards from the September statement in the Soviet Union on. a Chinese embassy plane which crashed in Algiers. People's Republic the A spokesman con- of Mongolia, the state- that Lin firmed was ment said. killed in an air crash in Lin Piao, born in 1908 Mongolia last Septem- in a poor Hupeh family, ber. He refused to give joined the Chinese Com- any further details. munist Party as a cadet The Algerian govern- Whampoa at the Mili- "AI- newspaper tary Academy in 1925. ment Moujahid' carried a Lin played a continual lengthy statement from role in the Party's 'an official Chinese per- struggle for power and sonality accusing Lin of headed the Chinese Red anc making many errors, of Army in Manchuria at arrogance and of trying the end of the last war. WHAT IS at stake in the dock The 'jobs guarantees' strike? Jack Jones,

T&GWU

totally inadequate leader, and the Communist reason. The worke Party say more job guarantees employed in for dockers in containerbases.

union members. have the right to wo The dockers made their views a question of war 'Heath out' clear by roaring drivers and when they heard the news of desperately for a the national dock strike. pool of This important political under- transport industry, b standing has not simply been fight by the grafted the struggle-it onto against all redunda arose out of it. The third and most For years the dockers have been reason for rejectin sold modernization by union mula is that it onl officials and many shop stew- further the ards' leaders, like Jack Dash smaller dock labour in London. Older portworkers and Containerization as a got blood money were duces jobs all alon pensioned off and the rest got port network. The a few pounds extra for operat- ing modern berths where pro- cies will not stop ji ductivity increased a hundred- dockers get a hanc fold. in container bases. The drivers, warehou attack the Eventually the on dock labour force became so dockers have foun is a th severe. that dockers took mat- container ters into their own hands and feared not welcom the picketing began. because employers destroy jobs and in They quickly found that they fits and not for the faced with a political were the working class. fight. The government jailed five dockers who were defend- The control of the n ing their right to work. Now port industry is t there is a near universal be- stake in the dock lief that the crisis on dock- that means the sur land cannot be solved until the Tories is Tories are brought down. Dockers must be other workers to It is this political development vicious and discredi that Jack Jones and the Com- put of office. ment munist Party-ever faithfui to the politics of class compro- They must struggle mise-want to stop. Labour government socialist policies l They say firmer guarantees on include: solve the issue. would jobs This is nonsense and only a • No redundancies 1 desperate ploy to re-channel drivers or struggle back along safe the workers. 'trade union' lines. Firstly the jobs available in con- • An immediate sh tainer bases could not possi- ing week. Keep wor run-down of bly absorb the jobs are threatened labour on the docks. until the transport nationalized and f At One example illustrates this.

socialist lines. Liverpool, Ocean Port Services, a stevedoring firm owned by • Abolition Ocean Steamship, are con- unattched register. tainerizing their Far East trade all dockers. South- and shipping through • The immediate res ampton. all non-scheme port OPS say this means they will be on Mersey- 500 men surplus • Recall of the T& these Now side. suppose nial conference to dockers were allowed jobs in policy and plan ol container bases. Where would to implement it. they go? These demands can c Ocean Steamship is part of the if the Tories giant OCL container consor- office. The solution tium. They send all their con- crisis is not job gua tainers through inland depots the nationalization owned by the Containerbase transport industry ar Federation. Could the Contain- without compensat base Federation offer jobs to workers' control. all the 500 from Merseyside?

All trade unions mus No, the group's six depots 190 men- the dockers to win t currently employ —nearly three times the num- political struggle. Liverpool are shaking-let's ber of surplus down! dockers. though Lin ago, was Chiang Kai-shek's confirmed Mao's as heir. China civil Internationally the Chiang's war, Maoist leaders prepared the way for rapproche- After liberation ment with the United in became States by betraying the polit- struggle in Bangla Desh, buro, the top solidarizing themselves with the Ceylon regime Standing against the JVP revolt wing of Chinese and supporting the Lin Piao butcher Numeiry in the was a Sudan. the Revolu- Lin Piao's position in tion began in 1966. relation to these events is still far from stu- clear. mobilized dents But the Chinese state- bureau- to that the rightward turn of cracy an upheaval produced in the Maoist leader-

SOUTH VIETNAMESE

forces have' suffered a stunning reverse in their highly-publicised efforts to retake the provincial uarantees' demand is for another capital Quang Tri, cap- he workers who are in the bases are tured by liberation for- They also ight to work. It is not ces on April 28. n of warehousemen, dockers fighting Their paratroopers, who ly for a diminishing claimed to have reached the employment in the industry, but a united city's citadel on Wednesday, sections three have now been withdrawn I redundancy. from the fighting around the and most important city and replaced by marines this for- r rejecting The citadel is still in the hat it only disguises towards hands of the liberation forces.

drift a ock labour force. Officers at the front told tion as a system re- correspondents that the para- s all along the trans- troops had never been inside the The redundan- citadel for very long and never not stop just because held more than a small corner of let a handful of jobs the 50-acre walled fortress.

warehouseman and found that the

FOREIGN NEWS

a thing to be t welcomed. This is employers use it to bs and increase pro- ot for the benefit of of the whole trans- therefore at the dock strike and is the survival of the at stake. also must be joined by force this id discredited govern- of office. struggle to elect a vernment pledged to

BY JOHN SPENCER

which must THE UNITED STATES balan ndancies for dockers, containerbase the fourth largest monthly de Commerce Department in W.

ediate shorter work- exports actually dropped 0.2 pe Keep workers whose $552.4m in May. hreatened on full pay transport industry is ed and planned on The total deficit for the first six months of this year $3,342.8m • of the temporary stood at register. Full pay for administration officials have predicted that it will top the $4.000m mark for the year as lediate registration of heme ports. a whole. f the T&GWU bien- This would more than double adopt this to last year's deficit, which was the out the fight last first this Since century. December's international cur- nds can only be won rency realignment forced by the are forced from US to make American goods solution to the dock world competitive more on ot job guarantees but markets the US trade accounts nalization of all the have been getting worse instead industry and shipping, of better. compensation under This has already led to several serious- runs against the dollar, nions must join with as holders of the US currency rs to win this massive have tried to buy other curren- The Tories cies thought to be more likely ng-let's bring them to retain their value. The present trade figures are • almost certain to precipitate a Lin Plao (right) with Mao during the Cul Yet on Wednesday Lt Gen Du Quoc Dong, the paratroop com- mander, said his troops had raised the South Vietnamese flag over the citadel and 'virtu- ally cleared' it of North Viet- namese troops. -The commander of US forces in Vietnam, Gen Frederick Weyand, visited the paratroop headquarters on Wednesday to decorate Gen Dong with the US Legion of Merit. He said the drive to retake Quang Tri was 'going very well'. He added: 'No American units could have done better in this situation.' said a US adviser on In fact, the spot: "They were taking 150 and it just casualties a day wasn't worth hanging in there' 'New York According to the Times', the paratroopers 'have been in continuous heavy com- bat in the Quang Tri sector for weeks. Casualties and the ex- haustion of jungle life have taken their toll.' Behind their smokescreen of S balance of trade plunged deeper in thly deficit on record, according to t in Washington. While imports inc d 0.2 per cent, lifting the next trade new round of speculation against the US currency. Faced with continuing deterioration in its trading posi- tion, the US government stepping up the pressure on other countries for trade concessions.

US and Japanese officials are currently bargaining at Hakone, he Japan, over a long list of Ameri- demands for lifting of can Japanese tariffs. The Americans also want Japan to contract to buy $300m- worth of US aircraft and $160m- . worth of enriched uranium. The negotiators have Japanese said the aircraft are of no use to them. Similar pressure is being applied to Europe, and at the GATT meeting earlier this week, the US succeeded in forcing the Common Market countries to lift certain tariffs on US food imports. President Nixon's decision to ng the Cultural Revolution lies and propaganda about the course of the battle, the South Vietnamese are in deep trouble.

expected the They originally liberation forces to thrust down from Quang Tri towards Hué, the ancient imperial capital.

Instead the North Vietnamese forces have turned their flank.

As the 'New York Times' puts it: In recent weeks there has been growing evidence of massive communist movement all along the flank. of Hué, western sebasely near the south-western One of these firebases, which Bastogne, straddles the . to Hué from approach the A Shau valley west of Hué, was abandoned to liberation forces its South Vietnamese de- by fenders on Thursday. Having failed to retake Quang Tri, the South Vietnamese now face a direct threat to their base in Hué.

The tenacity and determination of the liberation fighters has now turned the tables their on opponents and opened up a new phase of the offensive. eeper into the red in June with ding to figures released by the orts increased by 0.7 per cent, t trade deficit to $590.3m, from remove the dollar's gold backing on August 15 last year destroyed stability all basis for the international currency relations.

The half-yearly American trade figures were anxiously awaited by foreign dollar-holders and they are certain to fuel another run on the dollar. The dollar has been extremely exposed since Britain floated the pound at the end of June and an all-round revaluation of Euro- pean currencies against the dollar was staved off only when the Federal Reserve Bank intervened in the market to support it.

• Gold reached a new record price on the bullion markets yesterday. By mid-afternoon it reached $67.45 an ounce. Sterling continued to waver and firmed at $2.45. The 'Finan- cial Times' index dropped almost three points to 497.5.

Tories may use Act against

COMMANDER

James Crane, head Metropolitan and of the City Fraud Police Company with Squad, his second-in- Det. Chief Supt. commana, Kenneth Etheridge, have started inquiries into 'the Poulson affair'.

Both officers were in York- shire on Thursday starting the investigation were back at and yesterday. Scotland Yard public examination of The Poulson, the architect, is due Wakefield to be resumed at bankruptcy court on Tuesday. It on July 3 when was adjourned Poulson (62), of Carleton Green, Pontefract, became ill. LINCOLN Constituency Labour to produce a broad- Party is explaining why they are sheet flinging out Dick Taverne, their local MP. Pat Mulligan, secretary-agent of the party, said: witch-hunt "This is not a against Dick Taverne. The party the MP to had the right to ask retire if they were not satisfied with his performance. 'Dick Taverne felt that in the end he thought he could get on without the Labour Party. The Labour Party has made it clear it can get along without Dick Taverne. EIGHTY men staging a sit-in at Charles McNeil Ltd, Glasgow for more than a month have decided to restart production. They have been on strike since February and have controlled the plant for tour weeks. manhole Orders for covers valued at £700 have now been accepted. The cash will be paid into the company's bank account and the men will not draw wages. Works Andrew convenor McFarleane said: We hope that once the management of the firm realize we are back in produc- with tion they will negotiate us.' THE ECONOMIC and poli- tical crisis of the ruling class has brought forth some aston- ishing letters in the capitalist press. , P. E. Stuart of London, 'Come back wrote: Oliver Cromwell-all is for- given!' Press, In 'City Antony Fisher of Newplace, Framfield, near Uckfield, Sussex, said: "There is only one man parliament who is sufficiently respected by everybody to take over the reins of government without an election, and that man is Enoch Powell. We need as Prime Minister right him now? by STRIKE action planned 7,000 Post Office supervisors over a pay dispute has been called off, the Civil and Public Services Association said yester- day. The Post Office has conceded a claim for an interim payment pending the hearing of a claim by the arbitration court. The payment is worth 6 to 7 per cent.

A half-day strike planned for yesterday was called off, as well as an overtime ban and a num- ber of protest meetings. Just hold it a minute boys. I

BY DAVID MAUDE

EMPLOYMENT Secre- tary Maurice Macmillan out use of the Industrial Relations Act against the striking dockers. In a statement to MPs at the House of Commons, he made clear that if the Jones- Aldington joint committee fails to come up with a solu- tion to the dispute, the Tories will attempt to use both the Act and emergency powers.

As he spoke the ports were at a standstill, with ships lying idle or being diverted to the Continent. Jack Jones, general secretary of the Transport and General Workers' Union, was preparing for an emergency meeting with Aldington, Lord Tory chairman of the Port of London Authority co-chairman of the joint and committee on docks jobs. government, Macmillan The told the Commons, was giving 'immediate consideration to the action they may need to take to protect the general interest of the economy and the consumer Answering a question from his Labour shadow, Reginald Pren- tice MP, he said: 'I cannot give an undertaking that the appro- priate use of the Industrial Rela- tions Act would not be used.'

He insisted that the govern- ment was not prepared to allow any weakening of the Act which would allow "irrational and illegal forces' to operate successfully.

Premier Edward Heath post- poned a meeting with Malta premier Dom Mintoff to be in the Commons for the state- ment. Around the ports, the situa- tion was one of complete shut- down. LONDON was stopped completely and 23 vessels were strikebound.

More than 20 ships with cargoes which can only be discharged at London queued in the Thames estuary off Southend. MERSEYSIDE was also solid, with both dockers and clerical staff out. MANCHESTER'S 1,100 dockers ships were were on strike, 13 with four at idle, another

ELLESMERE PORT.

AT HULL 20 ships were strike- bound. Fish continued to be dis- and tankers to unload, charged but the commercial docks. were halted completely. once again Dockers were picketing unregistered ports along the rivers Humber and Trent. In the north-east about 1,500 boys. There's not enough moment dockers were out and 25 ships from BLYTH to held up in ports the TEES. 1,300 In SOUTH WALES, Cardiff, Newport, dockers at Swansea, and Port Talbot were on strike. One group, of 145 dockers at on working. They Barry, went intend continue almost to throughout the weekend. On Thursday they started unloading 2,200 tons of bananas and reported normally to work ALONGSIDE the 10,000 Liver- pool dockers on strike are docks clerical staff who are employers fighting port attempt to force through redundancies. Members of ACTS, the white-collar section of the Transport and General Work- ers' Union, the 800 staff involved stopped work last Monday demanding the release of the five jailed London dockers. Originally they had been planning to come out over the redundancies on that date. But as George Morris, assist- ant secretary of the T&GWU 5/167 branch, told Workers Press: 'We changed the basis

BOOKS • PER

Workers Press, nomentum yet yesterday to continue unloading the remaining 1,500 tons in 'accordance with an agreement to deal with perishable goods.

SCOTLAND'S docks were at a standstill with an estimated 60 ships lying idle. Some Aberdeen dockers were attending to vessels involved in essential services. Aberdeen fish dock was working normally. Porters there were waiting for their position to be reviewed by their union, and were working of the strike to the more fundamental issue of the attack on trade unionism itself.'

Now, with the dockers them- selves out for the right to workers, woo include charfingers, tors, clerical men, counters-off and super- visory staff, are striking for the withdrawal redundancy notices issued to 62 men.

They also want: parity with the dockers as regards wages conditions, including and comprehen- severance terms; sive talks on manning levels; and a register in the port which will give job-security similar to that under the Dock Labour Scheme. "It's the first time these

* ESISSONS

1112.

KS • PERIODICALS • NEWSPAPERS

• Press, Saturday July 28, 1972 PAGE 3 on a day-to-day basis. Over 500 dockers at Grange- mouth and Leith met yesterday morning and decided to obey the national strike call.

DOVER,

the Harbour Board agreed with the T&GWU not to accept any roll-on roll-off diverted freight traffic from strike-hit ports at the ferry terminal there. At FELIXSTOWE container port 300 day shift workers voted to strike immediately. sections have acted in a united way, said George Morris. 'Even if the dockers hadn't been on strike, there would checks have been, no on cargo, no wages paid and no paperwork. 'We have had full support from the docks section all the time we have been in talks with the companies. This is a very development for encouraging trade unionism in the future' The companies involved in issuing the redundancy notices are A. E. Smith Coggins and Ocean Port Services, two of the big four employers in the port currently engaged J. talks, and T. merger Fletcher, a shipping agent.

NOW OPEN

Mon, Tues, Wed, Thurs 9 a.m.-6 p.m. Fri 9 a.m.-7.30 p.m. Sat 9 a.m.-5 p.m.

PINKERTON: THE ANTI-UNION

PAGE 4 Workers Press, Saturday July 29

BY JOHN CRAWFORD

In the course of the case against the blacking of container depots by dockers, it was revealed that private detectives had been obtaining evi- dence, posing as lorry and talking to drivers pickets' families. This is not something new in this country. But only in the United States has it taken place on a large scale. The US labour movement has had a more explosive and violent history than that of Britain. When the Civil War way for the cleared the expansion of US capital, the ruthless drive of the newly- formed monopolies for profit took the most brutal forms.

On the other side, the immi- grants who streamed across the Atlantic to be thrown into the seething cauldron of US industry produced equally vig- orous actions in resisting the attacks of capital. The use of private agencies as hired armies and intelli- trade units against gence out of this unionism grew situation. And it is associated with one name above all: Pinkerton's. Allan Pinkerton was the son Glasgow policeman. of a Apprenticed as a cooper, he was in his young days a radical of Chartist supporter the movement. In 1842, he left Scotland to seek his fortune in America. He tound it, not making barrels, bui as a detec- tive. In place of his former radicalism, he became an enemy of every form of organ- ization of the working class.

Pinkerton became In 1850, Chicago's first city detective. At the same time, he set up a private agency, later famous as Pinkerton's National Detective Agency. After the Civil War, the firm prospered. But by the early 1870s it hit hard times.

(Devotees of the western will recall its worst setback: failure to smash the Jesse James gang.)

in 1873, Pinkerton Then, arranged a meeting with Frank- lin B. Gowen, president of the Philadelphia and Reading Rail- road Company and of its sub- sidiary in the Pennsylvania anthracite coalfield. The company was anxious to the beginnings of break up trade unionism the among miners. In particular, Gowen was worried about a group of Irish miners, operating within the secret society, the Ancient Order of Hibernians.

to be responsible for actions against company property, agents and scabs. • was a descendant The AOH of the societies like the White- boys, which had fought British and landlordism in Ire- rule land. In the appalling condi- tions in which the immigrants forced to work in the were mines, tendencies to terrorist methods were inevitable. Pinkerton was enthusiastic in helping Gowen to extermin- ate the Mollie Maguires. And his main line of action was to send trained agents into the mines to infiltrate the organiza- tions of Irish miners. The most important of these was James McParlan. McParlan, posing as a former member of the AOH and calling himself McKenna, wormed his way into the inner in the of the Order circles coalfield. He was already well- intrenched when, in 1875, ay July 29, 1972 Top: Hibernian House, headquarters of Allan Pinkerton, detective. Right: Franklin Gowen forced the trade union, the Workingmen's Benevolent Association, into a strike by threatening a drastic wage-cut.

The strike dragged on for the union six months before smashed and the men was driven back to work. Pinker- ton forces were to the fore in armed action against marching miners trying to stop black- spies legs. Pinkerton were invaluable in feeding informa- tion to Gowen. But their main job was still to be done.

In the last stages of the strike and after its defeat was an outbreak of there sabotage and murder. We must not idealize Maguireism: its methods sprang from its his- tory ad the conditions under which it fought. But there is no doubt that Mollie Maguires. Above: of the t: Franklin B. Gowen. McParlan knew of all its actions, took part in the planning of some, and may well have instigated many. At the same time, Pinkerton men pushed forward the setting up committees of vigilante to organize public-spirited citi- zens to murder militant miners and their families. Then Gowen swooped. Several leading AOH men were charged with murder. When they came to trial in February 1876, the chief witness for the was their friend prosecution 'McKenna', now once more called McParlan. Gowen him- self, a former lawyer, was the prosecutor. In all, 20 men were hanged for crimes attributed to 'Mollie Maguire', ten of them on one day in 1877. Some protested their innocence to the last.

The Philadelphia and Read- ing was victorious, and paid Pinkerton's for their work to the tune of several hundred thousand dollars. From then on, Pinkerton's prospered, their name hailed by every union-hating boss- and execrated by every worker.

In 1877, the national rail strike brought near-insurrec- tionary conditions throughout the USA. In his book, 'Strik- ers, Communists, Tramps and Detectives', Pinkerton boasts Philadelphia that and Reading was the best-prepared of railways, owing to the advance information obtained by Gowen from Pinkerton spies among the locomen. Private armies of thugs from the dregs of drawn American society, went into Ohio miners action against the in 1884 and against Chicago factory workers in the same year. In neither case, however, did the hired thugs get away unscathed. They came off even worse in the 1892 strike at Carnegie's Homestead steel mills. 300 Pinkerton's were sent in by barge up the river. The strikers warning, and a battle ensued, in which seven strikers three Pinkerton's and were killed. Finally, the surviving Pinkerton's were captured and the local handed over to sherifi. In the end, however; the strike was defeated. Carnegie the 'philanthropist' telegraphed from his Scottish castle: 'Life is worth living again. Con- gratulations all round.' In 1907, McParlan was once more in the news. The Gov- ernor of Idaho, Frank Steun- enberg, was hated for his use of state troops against striking miners led by the Western Federation of Miners. This union had as its secretary Bill Haywood, a leader of the of the Industrial Workers World-the 'Wobblies' Then Steunenberg was killed by dynamite, and one Harry Orchard was arrested. McPar- lan was called in to interview the prisoner. Two days later, he had confessed to neariy every crime committed in the area for years-—all carried out, he swore, at the instigation of the WFM. together with Haywood, Charles Moyer and • George Pettibone, was arrested. (The arrest was carried out illegally, the three miners' leaders being kidnapped in Kansas and shipped into Idaho.) Clarence Darrow was called in to defend them against the frame-up. Pinkerton smashed through Orchard's 'confession' in one of his most famous speeches. The union men were freed. (Orchard was later found guilty. A death sentence was commuted.) Pinkerton's were used many times against workers in the 1920s and 1930s, but later they were supplanted by direct agents of the FBI. It is signifi- cant that in Britain in 1972, capital turns once more to the weapons developed under more "primitive' historical condi- tions.

Above: Carusoscu manting to ralso ince

DES: ACES

Gestat

SRO BUSELOR

Rumanian President Nicolae Ceausescu opened a special Com- munist Party conference in Bucharest last week with a six-hour report to the 2,200 delegates. Four times his speech was interrupted while delegates rose , 'Bravo to their feet chanting Ceausescu' and "Ceausescu with the Party. The conference was called to push through a drive to which increase production Causescu ordered following the failure to realize the plan in full last year. He wants to raise national income by over 70 per cent by 1975 by a series include which measures ralso incoma. Balow loit: food queue. Right: 11 decentralization of economic decision making and leaving more initiative to plant man- agers. Ceausescu's line has been bitterly contested by an old guard in the Party leadership which dislikes the personality cult around the President and which the Conference displayed once again. It is believed that he has made some concessions to his critics in order to semblance of restore some Party unity while the confer- ence will enable him to re- assert his predominance. In his marathon report, Ceausescu called for a new system in which relations with Soviet Union the and the other states of eastern Europe would be conducted on a basis of equality and independence.

• Right: 1800 and Nixon. He appealed for the dissolution of both military blocs. He gave his approval to US President Nixon's visit to Peking and said Rumania's relations with China were improving. He recalled Nixon's famous visit to Bucharest in 1969 and indicated that Rum- ania had been in advance of the Soviet Union in normal- izing relations with West Ger- many. The conference cannot resolve the deep divisions within the Rumanian bureau- Ceausescu's cracy raised by independent line in relation to the Soviet Union, his drive to raise output by strict ideolo- gical discipline and economic reforms and the personal adu- lation which he now requires.

Workers Press, A three-month seamen's strike that ended in mid.

July has again once emphasized basic the facing the well as the growing power and militancy of the organized working class. The strike-the longest in Japanese industrial history— reduced stockpiles of crude oil and other vital raw materials to precariously low levels.

Because of its geographical location and lack of natural resources, Japan is almost totally dependent on imports by sea to supply the voracious demands of its industry. This gave the seamen tremendous bargaining power. Wage contracts last only one year in Japan so it is likely that 1973 will see another bitter struggle to increase the seamen's wages. who suffered Shipowners huge losses and may have to cut share dividends are now considering using flags of con- venience——registering vessels in Panama or Liberia-so they can employ foreign seamen at low wages. The strike showed the grow- ing strength of the 160,000- Seamen's Union, member which compelled the govern- ment to intervene and mediate far a settlement involving a increase than in larger wage many other industries—13,800 yen (£17.1) a month. The settlement, thanks to the reformist leadership of the union, was well below the original demand, seamen's though the government was for a settlement at eager almost any price. is Seamen's Union The unique in that it is virtually the only industry-wide labour group in a country where most workers belong to com- pany unions. Normally the union chiefs reach and the employers a compromise pay deal after some face-saving manoeuvring such as token short stoppages by workers that have assumed almost ritualistic status.

But the seamen's walk-out pattern. Under broke this pressure from a militant rank and file, the union leadership dug in for a prolonged strike more than doubled the that previous Japanese record.

The result was more than 2 million tons of exports and imports piled up on docksides holds. 1,200 and in ships' vessels were jammed into ports around the country.

When the strike started in mid-April, many Japanese in- dustrialists, particularly the steel barons, almost welcomed it as a way to reduce their imported stocks of raw materials which were piling up as a result of a domestic re- cession. rs Press, Saturday July 29, 1972 PAGE 5 But as it escalated into a total walk-out for an indefinite period the stockpiles dropped to alarmingly low levels and protests poured in from over- seas suppliers who suffered the economic backlash. The monetary authorities thought that a levelling off of Japanese exports in May and was timely, because it June would ease the pressure for a revaluation of the yen. But they soon discovered that imports were also being retarded, so that the overall balance of trade remained almost unchanged. Shipping circles say it will take at least three months to clear the piled-up goods and bring ship- ping schedules back to normal.

made by the A survey Transport Ministry showed six major shipping lines suffered losses totalling 24,900 million yen (£31m) during the strike period. survey said the six The lines were likely to have defi- cits of 10,000 million yen (£12.5m) for the six months to against September pre- viously anticipated profits of 16,900 million yen • (£21m). When the strike ended, Japan was down to 15 days supply of crude oil against a normal 45-day stockpile. Some industries closed down for lack of raw materials. Im- ported foodstuffs were nearly exhausted. Shipowners said they were forced to accept the govern- ment mediation offer because they receive substantial subsi- dies for payment of interest on loans to build ships. They said they would now have to ask for bigger subsi- dies if Japanese shipping lines were to remain competitive in the world market. Because of its heavy de- pendence on imports and ex- ports, Japan often accounts 30 per cent of world freight movements in ton- mileage, shipping sources said.

seamen's victory- though only partial as a result of the leadership's reformist compromise-is undoubtedly a big blow to the Japanese em- ploying class. shipowners are The a powerful section of the Japanese employers. Their re- fusal to give the increase to the seamen until forced to dis- by pressure from the gorge rest of the capitalist class is a clear indication that the class compromise years of the 'miracle' are gone Japanese for good. The working class emerges with great strength based on the positions it has won during the boom period. But it is also faced with a union bureaucracy unmatched for treacherous collaboration with the employers. seamen's The Japanese strike indicates that the task of building a new revolu- tionary leadership is on the agenda for the Japanese work- ing class.

PAGE 6 Workers Press, Saturday July 29, 1972

BY PHILIP WADE

On March 19, 1834 six ing machines, they were exe- cuted, imprisoned and de- farm workers were fourd ported tó penal colonies.

guilty of taking an oath of Four hundred im- allegiance to a branch of prisoned for 'riots' that cost one life-that of one of the the union had they 500 • labourers. Some • Were founded in Tolpuddle, transported. And before they the 500 had to Dorset. went, watch fellow labourers being hanged.

March 27, five of the By One of the hanged nine men had been hurried, chained was a lad of 19 named Henry and manacled, to the convict Cook. He could neither read ships at Portsmouth and were nor write, and was a plough- soon on their way to the penal boy who had worked since he settlements in New South was ten years old. The Wales. sixth, George His 'crime': to knock off the Loveless, who had been hat of a landowner and Justice was taken to Portsmouth on of the Peace in a scuffle. For and April sent to this he was hanged. Tasmania. Declared "The Times': For forming a branch of the 'Justice has seldom met with to advance their wages unlon. sacrifice more appropriate and conditions, the farm- 'The Times' never changes. workers were exiled for seven Others sentenced were years. forced to watch the execution Just as today the ruling class of Cook and another. A re- with its laws, its its courts, porter at the execution de- private detectives, jails five scribed the scene: trade unionists and prepares to 'At that moment (as the trap take on and smash the trade was sprung) I cast my eyes union and working class move- down into the felons' yard ment, so it was then. and saw many of the convicts The Tolpuddle men were weeping bitterly, some burying also infiltrated by spies of the their faces their frocks, bourgeoisie who provided the others wringing their hands key evidence against them. convulsively, and the others The of 1834 ruling class leaning for support against the brought forward its capitalist walls of the yard and unable laws and faithful judges to carry the 'law' through. to cast their eyes upwards.'

Hampshire In during the law and And the forces of of the early months 1831 order were ready and waiting labourers won a wage increase to take the six farmworkers from 7s 8d to 10s a week. The away-not to Pentonville, but agitation spread to neighbour- to utter degradation and ing Dorset where the men misery in Australia. banded together to present The period of Tolpuddle their demands to farmers and was towards the end of the landowners. period of the Enclosure move- In Tolpuddle, several meet- ment in agriculture, the con- ings were held and spokesmen of the Industrial tinuation chosen to meet the farmers in It had Revolution. driven The vicar of Tol- conference. thousands off the land into the Dr Warren, presided puddle, towns to become the new pro- over the conference. letariat. The farmers agreed to the Yet in the countryside the 10s wage and the vicar pledged of the plight agricultural himself witness to the labourers desperate be- was deal. But the farmers The villager had broke yond words. the agreement and paid only been robbed of the strip that 9s, then cutting wages he tilled, of the cow he kept down to 8s. on the village pasture, of the The men took their case to fuel he picked up in the woods the Justices of the Peace, and of the turf he tore from in the mistaken belief they still the commons. fix had the power to wages. At the same time. the And the vicar—in his true role growth of factory production of the as representative in the towns destroyed or cut ruling class — denied he the small saw down cottage in- any agreement made. dustries at which the wife and The farmers took this as the children worked, adding their signal to reduce wages to 7s, earnings to the family income.

if threatening a level of 6s The villager-deprived of all agitation continued. means of independent subsI- The undeterred, now proletarian- men, decided to take the historic become he ized: had an step and form a union. George agricultural labourer. Loveless, their leader, takes up The labourers revolted in the story: 1830. It spread like wildfire "The men consulted together Hants, what had better be done, Wiltshire, as knew it was impossible Buckinghamshire, and they to live honestlv on such scantv other counties. The ruling means. I had seen at different class. the big landlords and times of trade landowners, struck back with societies; I told them of this, terror. they FOr gathering together to and willingly consented form Friendly Society ask for bread and for work, to a having for escorting a few brutal among sufficiently learned it Poor Law Overseers out of the villages, for breaking a few of would be vain to seek redress of the newly introduced thresh- either employers, magis- trates or parsons. I inquired of a brother to get information how to proceed, and shortly after, two delegates from a Trade Society paid us a visit, formed Friendly Society among the labourers and gave us directions how to proceed.'

The delegates came from the Grand National Consolidated Trades Union. Thousands of workers in the towns, inspired by the ideas of Robert Owen, the founder of English social- ism, had swelled the ranks of union, until the numbers reached a million.

THEUNION

So the Tolpuddle Lodge of The Friendly Society of Agri- cultural Labourers was formed.

Besides rules advice, the Lon- don trade unionists brought details of the customary cere- of monial swearing-in mem- bers, done with regalia and an oath of loyalty to the union.

Although the labourers were worried about the oath they eventually agreed. The union was formed in October 1833, and some 40 or more labourers enrolled in the first few weeks. The employers and the government moved in to crush it. It was no longer illegal for workers to combine for trade The Combination purposes. Acts had been repealed in 1824. Whig Lord Melbourne, Home Secretary, with the local authorities decided to proceed against the men on the charge of and administering being bound by secret and unlawful oaths under an Act passed in This 1797. Act had been passed specifically to deal with naval the widespread mutiny at Nore and Spithead of that year. The conspiracy against the carefully labourers was .. planned. Spies were planted in the Tolpuddle Lodge of the Union; legal opinion was sounded; a warning was duly posted in the neighbourhood, but only on the eve of the arrests; and at dawn on February 24, 1834, six of the leading Tolpuddle trade unionists were arrested Dor- and taken to nearby chester jail. The six were presumably regarded as ringleaders, but no evidence exists to show why they were singled out from the larger number of members.

Five of the six were practising Wesleyan Methodists, three of them being local preachers. As such they werein those days —subject to frequent persecu- tion. And five of the men were related to each other in some waleader and spokesman was George Loveless, noted locally for his eloquence as a lay preacher. Loveless was 37 years old when arrested, was married and had three small children.

His brother James (25), who Top: Tolpuddie march. Left: Barbara Castle had a wife and two children, was also a local preacher.

Thomas Standfield, another was the local preacher (44), oldest of the six. He was of the married to a sister Lovelesses and had six child- ren. His son, John Standfield of (21) another was arrested men. James Brine (20) was the only one of the six who was not at that time a practising The Methodist. man, James Hammett sixth (22), was married and had one small child. Hammett was also a Metho- dist, but no preacher, being a quiet silent man. He remained silent throughout the trial and afterwards, though few words might have freed him.

For James had been wrongly identified by one of the informers as having been at the meeting where the unlaw- ful oaths were administered, being mistaken for his brother John who was present. James said nothing, however. and went through the long years suffering followed that without ever revealing the mistake that had been made.

The trial was rushed for- ward. The six men were tried rolpuddle march. Left: Barbara Castle lays wreath on Tolpuddle n spokesman and leader, George loveless if he had anuthina to say. ice oles her on which he a ron the men decence Lord, it was have violated intentionaliy done have iniured reputation, character, person or property: we uniting troether our

WIVAC

children and utter and starvation man, or ace, dierent from

SENTENCE

nascina i sentence judge said: "The punishment is not altogether with " viam andestina the oftenders themselves it is

& UPWEY

Guilty of Felony,

O BE: 111B0F 10 B0

Transported for Seven Years.

223822

CONVICTED OF FELONY

And Transported for SEVEN YEARI mary James Hammette grave. Ploht: The warning given to Tolpudle trade unionists also for the sake of offering an The points consisted of up. example and a warning, and annual elections to parliament; accordingly, the offence of universal (manhood suffrage); which have been ballots; abolition of you con- victed, after evidence that was property for districts perfectly satisfactory, the electoral crime, to a conviction of which and payment for MPs. that evidence has led, is of that that description the

ACTION

of the country and security maintenance of the laws the on the upholding of which the welfare of this country depends, make it necessary for After the sentence of the Tolpuddle the me to pass on you the sentence six, working required by those laws. class moved into action. On March 24. 1834 there The jury duly found the mer was a guilty and on March 19, 1834 Grand Meeting of the Working the six men were sentenced to Classes in London, Graind Ladon, Called by called seven years' transportation.

the It was also at that time that dated Trades Union on the instigation of Robert Owen.

the English working class was beginning to assert itself as an The meeting attended independent historical force, by over 10.000 workers. capable Agitation of independent poli- grew and spread. The London Central tical action. Dor- Up until that point the chester Committee was formed, liberal bourgeoisie had used and in addition to carrying on the power the campaign for the of the workers in men's the towns to secure for them- pardon, saw to the welfare of selves the franchise in parlia- the dependants of the six men This had been achieved through collections. ment. with the Reform Act of 1832.

In April 1834 an enormous But this was changing. And demonstration took place. in 1837 the Six Points of the More than 30,000 workers People's Charter drawn assembled in Copenhagen "The jailing of the five dockers back to Tolpuddle, takes us Mike Shuttler, above, chairman New Forest Labour of the Party and secretary of his local branch of the National Union of Agricultural Workers told • me at the rally. "This government is moving towards fascism. The dockers are now fighting the fight of the Tolpuddle men. "The trade union movement now has a big responsibility.

Fields, near to where King's Cross station now stands.

Fearing riots the govern- ment deployed troops nearby and had 5,000 special con- stables sworn in. But there was no disturbance. MPs continually raised ques- tions in parliament 800,000 people signed a peti- tion for the men's release.

It was not until March 1836 that Lord John Russell an- nounced a full and free pardon.

Many months were to pass before the men got home again.

James Hammett was the only one to reach England-in three years after his 1839, pardon. He was the only one to return to Tolpuddle where he took up work in the build- ing trade. He died in 1891. The other five later went to settle in Canada. • Every year a march takes place in Tolpuddle to com- memorate the pioneers of free trade unionism. The leadership of the labour movement, how- has tried to turn the ever, event into an occasion for demagogy. They try to cover up the real meaning of Tol- puddle for the working class today. Workers Press, Seturd A General Strike has to be organized. The action has to be designed to get the Tories out. "The TUC must give a lead.

All those who remain registered under the Industrial Relations Act have to be ex- pelled from the movement.

"The Labour Party leaders played into this government's introduced hands when they "In of Strife". Place They opened the door for this Act.

Former Tribune'-ite 'left' Barbara Castle who descended on the village as guest of honour led the first frontal the trade unions assault on with her White Paper In Place of Strife' which she brought out in January 1969. On May Day 1969, 250,000 against workers struck Labour's proposed anti-union laws. The Labour cabinet beat a retreat, but not before fixing with the TUC to discipline its own members. Castle returned in April 1970 with her Industrial Rela- tions Bill. Only the dissolution of parliament and the defeat at the hands of the Tories at the General Election prevented Labour from trying to go through with it. She justly barracked was and heckled on Sunday for trying to cover up for this betrayal and for her promise that Labour would try again with a new Industrial Relations Bill if returned to office.

She was also condemred for her defence of the prices and incomes policy. For the lockers she had no message ot supporting action excepting the call for 'the mobilization orkers Prose, Saturday July 28, 1972 PAGE 7 Now the Constituency Labour Parties must suspend those MPs who voted for the Tories on the Common Market and select new MPs, following the example of Lincoln. 'What I want Barbara Castle to pledge this afternoon for return is a strong Labour's of nationalization programme under workers control and the Industrial repeal of the Relations Act? of the sense of human fellow- ship' among the working class.

Those trade unionists who struck in support of the jailed dockers legitimately claimed to be the heirs of the Tolpuddle martyrs and looked to them for inspiration. They immediately linked the struggle against the reactionary Tory government and its hated National Industrial Relations Court with the heroic fight of agricultural labourers of 1834. The trade union movement is stronger today than in 1834.

It is 10 million strong and has its own political party. But within its movement lay evented charlatans and traitors of every description, seeking to betray the working class and to hold it back from dealing with the Tory government once and for The fight for the General Strike to force the Tories'to • resign and the return of a Labour government pledged by the mass movement to carry out socialist policies of expro- priation also means the fight to clear out of the Labour and trade union movement the agents of the capitalist class.

PAGE 8 Workers Press, Saturday July 29, 1972 The book by Roy Medvedev translated as 'Let History Judge: the Origins and Consequences of Stalinism' (Macmillan £5.75) is the first independent attempt in the Soviet Union to under- stand the Stalin era which has come out of that country. It is a damning indictment of Stalin and Stalinism which confirms Trotsky about the bureaucratic everything which wrote degeneration of the first workers' state. From the great tension under which it is written, its passion drawn from the sufferings of millions of people, is also a testimony to the fact that the 1917 Revolution have not been conquests of the October writes as a communist intellectual, an destroyed. Medveder oppositionist who is harassed and persecuted for his struggle to tell the truth as he sees it. His book has great merits and deserves a careful study both for what it provides in the way of Trotskyist analysis and what it leaves corroboration for the out. On some crucial questions the book is fundamentally series of articles submit Medveder's book to This wrong. detailed scrutiny with the aim of pursuing the struggle against Stalinism to the end. It will deal in particular with for a more his errors and omissions and point the way rounded analysis which must begin with the works of Trotsky which are cited in the footnotes.

BY TOM KEMP PART 3

the strata linked to it. other On the hand the period of reflux, after Lenin's death in 1924, drove many of the leaders of the revolution into the ranks of the Opposi- Trotsky the tion. was out- standing representative and of section of leader this Bolshevik-Leninists who re- mained true to October. When the hue and cry 'Trotskyism' began against after the publication of Trotsky's 'Lessons of October" following the debacle in Germany, Zinovier and Kame- nev joined in wholeheartedly. From the start of his All the fruits of this campaign struggle against the Stalin, were reaped by while to the odium of their position bureaucratic degenera- in October 1917 added was tion of the first workers' that of their responsibility for state the odds against the defeat in Germany which Trotsky castigated in his Trotsky were very great. pamphlet. Stalin controlled the The coalition of Stalin with Party apparatus and in Zinovier and Kamenev, known reflux of as the 'Troika', was thus short- the general lived. When they tried to revolutionary feeling his counter his growing individual and policies, methods power, which threatened their strongholds in own the party conservative and cau- organizations of Leningrad and tious as they were had a Moscow, Stalin quickly demon- wide appeal. strated that he was master of When he the apparatus. im- At first, however, the differ- posed the policy of 'socialism ent points of view were still n one country' on the Party, freely debated in the Party and at the 14th Congress in brought before the working December, 1925, Zinoviev and though under objective class, Kamener and their followers conditions in which the scales constituted the new opposi- weighted were heavily in tion' which was decisively de- favour of Stalin and his sup- feated. porters. Meanwhile Stalin had con- Furthermore, before Lenin's solidated his hold on the party death Stalin had assured the machine and used it with in- succession by entering into an creasing ruthlessness. As Med- alliance with Kamenev and vedev 'Resorting puts it: to Zinoviev, the two Bolsheviks administrative decrees, Stalin who, on the eve of the in- intra-Party used the struggle had publicly surrection, pro- strengthen his personal claimed their to opposition to and power. Under position the seizure of power. Their normal such conditions, weaknesses and am- personal struggle of ideas within the their hostility bitions, to Party became impossible. Trotsky's harping on their role Many in 1917 and in who sympathized wit the failure of Opposition the views of the German Revolution of the leaders were obliged to con- 1923 made them believe that ceal their opinions and to vote Stalin to they could use. with the majority more from trol the Party. In the event it fear of reprisals from than was Stalin who used them.

conviction. On the international arena In the summer of 1926 the the post-war revolutionary up- opposition' joined with new surge had come to an end. The Trotsky's Left Opposition and German defeat and the series together they issued a common setbacks of further for the for faster declaration calling working class in Europe and industrialization, the restora- Asia constituted powerful ob- tion of inner-party democracy the side of jective factors on and a steep tax on the profits Stalin and the bureaucracy. of kulaks and New Economic The confidence of the Soviet Policy men. Just over a year working class in its inter- drew up later the Opposition national allies was undermined.

detailed platform based on The bureaucracy and the petty Marxist principles.? bourgeoisie for craved re- Medvedev passes the turn to a quiet life free from over of the 'adventures'. programmatic demands revolutionary Opposition rather hastily and The lapsed masses into a with refuses to make up his mind passivity and watched for the Stalinist resignation as a new caste of or against course in this period. True, he privileged bureaucrats emerged says that it was partly wrong from the working and class Top: (|10 r) Stalin, Rykov, Kamenev an Turkey, after his exile, with Pierr near and the Opposition was partly right; but he claims that the latter resorted to exaggera- tion to discredit the majority and remove Stalin from the Party leadership. This might have been a worthy goal, in • view of the harm Stalin later did the Party. But Stalin's political opponents were too hasty with their attack, strik- ing at Stalin in conditions un- favourable to themselves'.

Conditions may have been unfavourable, but who could time that they say at the might not deteriorate still further if Stalin remained in control? Of course, Stalin took every advantage of the difficulties and weaknesses of the Opposition, stressing Party unity and branding the opposi- tionists as traitors. Above all he had solid support from the and growing party state bureaucracy. That was the social base upon which he rose and to which he addressed himself. What Medvedev does not see is that in the struggle mener and Zinovier In 1927. Above: 1930. Tro Pierre Naville, an early collaborator of his against the Left Opposition, Stalin destroyed the Bolshevik Party and turned it into a bureaucratic machine as prelude, in the 1930s, to physically wiping out all the old Bolshevik leaders, apart from a few who threw in their lot with him for purely oppor- tunist reasons. Trotsky's struggle against Stalinism and the ruling caste Stalin's victory was as fate- ful as it was decisive, but it was achieved by administrative means, hounding and victimiz- ing Opposition supporters.

Trotsky's struggle against the rising Stalinist wave is well documented in Party sources and in Trotsky's own Which of writings. this material Medvedev, in the Soviet Union, has been able to consult is not clear. Some of his methods, however, are peculiar. For instance, he quotes a lengthy passage from 1930. Trotsky on the island of Prinkipo, ator of his. Trotsky as follows: "The ruling circles are in- creasingly growing together with the upper strata of Soviet-NEPman society. Two strata are being created, two life styles, two types of atti- tudes, two types of relation- or, to put it more ships, strongly the elements of a dual power in everyday life are being created. Further develop- ment may transform it into a political dual power, and a political dual power would be a direct threat to the dictator- ship of the proletariat • • • The proletariat must under- stand that in a certain period of history, if its policy goes wrong, the Soviet state could become an apparatus through which power could be moved from its proletarian base and put into the hands of the bourgeoisie, which would then aside the Soviet "foot- kick stool" and convert its power into a Bonapartist system.'

Medvedev's comment is: It goes without saying that the upper echelons of Party and

state were gether with the of the NEPman bo 1926. The section of the Pas more complex and But he just does either part of this s Nor does he expl quotation is, compasite one, the Commission in the second part of tion comes speech than the fi he two parts ap together wi gard for the conte: Taking into fact that the different, let us rest halves the their Placed in its conc the first part rings "when happens to be cleaner, comes to t Committee, directed where he a work but when comes, somewal and dirty, she has long That was said by woman. Regional voices are to be ! and more often. not only that the bureaucrats has inc also the fact that circles are becomin more fused layers being created, of life, two kinds o to use the more sive words, which upon velopment formed into Now, power. power tute a direct threat tatorship of An urban 3 p.m.; ies until o'clock, they about-town, taking of liberals toward days, after six condemn the being men of little ype of party mem considerable the Tsarist profess used to theory of Darwin when the need sented credentials communion." Now for which Medvedey 'Before there is what to do, we mi state the facts. Jus singestion, theatre and in pol non-proletarian cla getting e While squeezed and is repeat: Just as th classes are material sphere-y serve this the stores in the in the apartments the politics; whole is being sr our regime Jall his class shrinkag letariat. This is mental fact. threatens from th from the side proletarian criticism must rouse the proletar cognizance danger, and not to proletariat to think has been conquered and for all time, I conditions; the state is pre which absolute workers' state under all conditior that portant should understand historica certain especially with a of the leadership state may become not growing ( TO- levels upper Pman bourgeoisie in degeneration of was far plex and concealed.' just does not justify of this statement. es he explain that his any case, drawn from ate speeches made Central Control lacı 1 part of the quota- from an earlier an the first part and parts appear to be ether with little re- he context. the translation et us restore the two quotation contexts. concrete setting art rings true: who a man • be dressed a little mes to the Regiona re is immediatel needs a working woman more she has to wait a hall-way." said by a working member of the Such be heard more They signify the number of aCHeAced.olT that the ruling becoming more and with the uppe Soviet-NET floors two torms a kinds of habits, or, e more fully expres- elements are belns dual power in daily upon TITrer may become trans- political dual consti- ect threat to the dic- the proletariat. of layer the personnel rty-Soviet lives of functionar. three 3 p.m.; after like men- the central while on Wednes- o'clock, they for Opposition of little faith. This arty member bears a resemblence to functionary who rofess privately the Darwin, and who, arose, pre- redentials of aoly the second part, dvedev puts first. there is any talk of we must honestly uestion, so in every- the literature in id in politics the arlan classes are ex• getting elbow room, proletariat inki bens shrinking. Ist as the bourgeois expanding in the phere-you can ob- the streets. in the trolleys and amen o the proletariat as Snrunk, WnliA regime strengthens shrinkage of the pro- the funda- The blow from the Right of the non- classes u r be aimed proletariat to take of the impending id not to permit the • to think that power onquered irrevocably •l ume, legaraless and that the ıte is presumabıy an remains alway: and conditions. It is im proletariat the nerstand that period, historical with a false policy adership, the Soviet become an appara- tus through which power may be shifted from the proletarian base and drawn to the bourgeoisie, which would sub- sequently discard completely the Soviet covering and trans- form its power into a Bona- partist rule. With a false poli- tical line The portions emphasized are those quoted by Medvedev.

In other words, Trotsky appeals to the working class the against bureaucracy, against the degeneration which Stalin and of encouraged which he took advantage to strengthen his own power. History has tully vindicated Trotsky and so, in tact, does Medvedev's book, despite his rejection of Trotsky's analysis at that time: precisely when the Stalinist bureaucracy was concentrating all power into its hands and casting off what remained of Bolshevism. The completed destruction of the Left Opposition In his struggle with the Left Opposition, after the ousting of Zinoviev, Stalin turned to the Party's right wing, of which the one-time 'left' N. I. Bukharin, was the most eloquent and popular spokesman. Bukharin was con- vinced, after the defeat of the German revolution, that there be a long would period of capitalist stabilization, in in which socialism Russia could only be built, as he once imprudently put it, 'at a snail's pace'. That meant concessions to the kulak and the NEPmen, who were told to 'enrich them- selves'" Bukharin. thus became a tool of Stalin as he completed the destruction of the Left Opposition at the 15th Con- in December, 1927. gress Zinoviev, Kameney and many others capitulated to Stalin was forced into and Trotsky exile. In dealing with the fate of the Opposition, however, Medvedev lands himself in a series of contradictions.

argued that Having Stalin was partly right against the Opposition and having rejected Trotsky's diagnosis of the rise of the bureaucracy, he is left only with the theory that Stalin was increasingly slip- ping into adventurism and ar- bitrary rule' without being able to explain why. Trotsky, he concedes, continued the and re- struggle from exile mained a supporter of the pro- letarian revolution and not a counter-revolutionary fascist as Stalin labelled him'. So well and good: the bureaucracy still maintains the contrary to this day and so do its supporters in the communist parties throughout the world. that tains was one-sided and tendenti- ous' and that he could not formulate alternative an Marxist He programme. accuses him, moreover, of 'crude misrepresentation and self-advertisement' his historical about the writings Russian Revolution. The most charitable thing to say about these particular mis- representations is that Med- vedev has unfortunately not been able to consult Trotsky's writings in exile and has only seen such truncated extracts as the bureaucracy permits appear in its official 'histori- cal' publications. If he had been able to con- sult Trotsky's own writings and other publications of his supporters he would surely have been struck by the parallel, on many points, be- history of tween own Stalinism and what they con- tain. A major difference, of course, is that they were writ- long as 30 ten as years ago and could only circulate in the Soviet Union on pain of imprisonment or death. Medvedev has had to redis- cover and piece together much of the story for himself from inadequate and sources On the basic iss Medvedev ever, everything that the wrote about anti-Trotskyist is perhaps due to the tion he received fro unabated aign which rages ir Union to this day. of charge self-adve levelled against Tro purely gratuitous; documented, nor Trotsky deals role in the revolutio in an impersonal anc manner as any read History of the Russi can check for tion' Russia, till banne with the terms 'socialism in one col as , we have seen, theory of permane tion Basically he does to be very interested after all, his book, pendium of facts an interpretation The triumph of St 1920s is seen almo ively as an matter. In fact the close relationship b defeats the OI proletariat and the tion of the Soviet ginning with the det German Revolution The rise plotted on the worl follows: 1923: Failure of th Revolution, ous post-war 1926: Strike: Stalin

TUC

General Cour betrays the strike. 1926: Second Chine: tion collapses after S pels the Chinese Party to enter 1928: adopts a programme by theory of country'. 1929: Comintern notorious theory communi declines almost the despite the slump 1n capitalism 1933: Hitler "legally' in Germans working-class mover No resista pletely. Communist Stalin's orders. 1935: Seventh Work of the Comintern Popular Front line, any precence al lev 1936-1937: Spanish Revolution revolution in national aelence a tive security'. 1939: Stalin makes Hitler. World War I This background national defeats for ing class produced flowing 'mistakes' of 'socialisr policy country' and revol where else, bureaucracy rule in the Soviet ( Stalin's personal its increasingly producing one and blo in history, nies the by bureaucrac of price retaining power and the swathe which his secret police ci its own ranks "Platform of the fication'. A conscious echo ‹ used by the French prime minister Gui 1840s. and scattered basic issues, how. confirms that the Trotskyists Stalinism. His rotskyist prejudice the innocula. eived from the still nti-Trotskyist rages in the Soviet As for the 'self-advertisement' ainst Trotsky, it is it not can be it with his owlI revolution of 1917 sonal and objective of "The any reader he Russian Revolu- heck for himself— where it is n one country' and, treats the permanent revolu- cavalier fashion. does not appear nterested in theory; fter all, is a com- more • than of events. nph of Stalin in the almost exclus- internal Soviet fact there onship between the international the degenera- Soviet Union be- h the defeat of th volution in 1923. of Stalin ire of the German the most propiti- revolutionary British General strike. nd Chinese Revolu- es after Stalin com- Communist Kuomin- the upport Chiang Kai- International ogramme, drawn up based on the one intern adopts the theory that social a of cial fascism'. parties everywhere, worst economic history of ss movement com- • resistance from under Party ath World Congress nintern adopts the abandons ce at revolution Stalinists betray prevent evolunon, in France, support efence' and 'collec- makes pact with kground inter- roduced by Stalin's flowing from 'socialism in one nd revolution no- the enabled y to consolidate its Soviet Union. personal power and ngly arbitrary use, most and bloody Lyran- was accepted ureaucracy as the retaining its own despite privileges Stalin and police cut through

ED TOMORROW

Publications. of the Left Opposi- Park Publications. lin School of Falsi- us echo of a phrase e French bourgeois ister Guizot in the James Reid contin up in the strangest London's plush He will be at thi spot October form with extreme Tory Enoch Powell They will be seminar which businessmen on indı pline how and i conflict on the shoj Reid has been the organizers, Busi Consultants, experience at Shipbuilders. He is top of the Reid, declares successfı icshe Rector University' (one national executive the Communist Par Reid, says BSC, 'snup-floor view' an giving (what else?). 'We like to get ; different speakers, said, har leid. he formed that he wol ing the platform The

BSC

seminar says: •British managers the intensification are gravely conflict likely with many areas of indu pline: picketing of breaking Workers Press, Saturday July 29, 1972 PAGE 9 d continues to turn cedural agreements, unfair dis- missals well as internal trangest places-like as plush Café Royal. union discipline. be at this top night- "This major one-day seminar Dubarry Suite on will give practical guidance in 1 sharing the plat- these key areas. For example,!

should managers now plan on extreme right-wing h Powell. the assumption that, in an "explosive be situation", leading a the will instruct judiciary, the police or the en on industrial disci- government can no longer be how to deal relied upon to help ensure the with • the shop floor. existing law is enforced? -An' is been chosen, interesting question. say zers, Business Studies Reid is not the first trade because of his unionist to step willingly into BSC net. A few months ago at Upper Clyde Hugh Scanlon was explaining p of the bill! 'Jimmy to the bosses what he thought the publicity about the Industrial Relations successful exponent Act Harold and last year Wilson joined technique at with Enoch ector of Powell (always a favourite) for Glasgow (one might add another session. Reid xecutive member of of course will be unist Party!). slightly put out with one ys BSC, is giving a view' and Powell is He is not, course, an 'independent view' the 'sit-in' tech-. exponent of nique, as the brochure claims, but the 'work-in' technique.

• to get a spread of speakers,' A sit-in at UCS would have the BSC told Workers Press. caused a major confrontation with the said, had been in- government and at he would be shar- liquidator because of the need finish with Powell. to existing contracts leaflet on quickly. In the the interests of 'industrial discipline' Reid and managers faced with the Stalinist leaders of the fication of industrial struggle decided therefore on a 'work in'—but no doubt he e gravely concerned y developments in will be telling them all this at s of industrial disci- the Café Royal. keting, sit-ins, the of rules and Below: Reid and Powell pro-

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Judiciary lambasted by Tory press PAGE 10 Workers Press, Saturday July 29, 1972

BY PHILIP WADE AND ALEX MITCHELL

WITH UNACCUSTOMED frankness sections of the Tory press have taken to berating the judiciary for its handling of the docks crisis. The spectacle of the newspapers lashing the judges-albeit with ermine notea, however, that the press is not complaining about the judgements of the courts. They simply want the judi- ciary to act more cleanly, more effi- ciently. clumsy manoeuvring over the past The the law into discredit, the week brings editorial writers argue. If there has got to be backroom legal wheel- please do it discreetly. That's ing and dealing, Fleet Street's message to the law men.

advice is not misplaced And certainly the ...from the bourgeoisie's point of view. Since the dockers were first jailed, the crusty corridors of Lords of court and the House of the inns have been afire with comings and goings of a historic order. The crucial times in the calendar of events are these: afternoon the Official Solicitor On Tuesday visited the jailed dockers at Pentonville.

the NIRC He did to not immediately apply because of "technical and procedural reasons'.

Wednesday didn't even to court on He go morning. He waited until 3 p.m.—a couple of hours after • of Lords judgement on the container the House blacking case. When he appeared before the NIRC he partly based his application for release of the dockers on the House of Lords judgement.

This is the bare bones of the flurry of events, now for some of the meat. Apparently it was known on Tuesday, at least in legal circles, that the House of Lords' judge- the responsibility of ment on Transport the and General Workers' Union for its members' actions was to be made on Wednesday. had obviously been There to get it something or a ch range did hot yet know the judget although world There to ignore the content. words between some be delivered. were gaps ment was about to breaks between some and large students the Some law Wednesday paragraphs.

NIRC

who had on Guardian' correspondent 'The been following the case closely «The House of as part of their studies had been Sords istreme said judgement was so rushed judgement expecting on that there was not even time to Friday at the earliest. print it in the ordinary way' On Wednesday morning the National Industrial Rela- The Press Association put out the Court began hearing the judgement was to be tions news that Official from the application that day, although no time was Solicitor at precisely 3 p.m. on givell. the Wednesday afternoon, after judgement House of Lords' became known to the world.

Knew result It was also, incidentally, timed by acci- to commence-whether dent A phone call to the House of -after the meet- or design- ing of the TUC General Council Lords produced a time of which called the one-day General 11.50 But arrival at noon. on a.m., the Workers Press reporter Strike. Despite the Lords' judgement, was promptly told the judgement was now to be at 12.30 p.m.

however, 'The Guardian' legal Michael Zander correspondent Yet and other reporters We that there was no basis assembled in the House of Lords argues for releasing the five in law lobby for the judgement to begin The NIRC's jailed dockers. the result. There already knew described explanation as confirmation from was ample 'manifestly defective'. solicitors and counsel from It 'left completely unexplained both sides that the decision had could in good gone against the T&GWU. how the court It is not too difficult to argue conscience release men im- if for who fact that prisoned contempt from the evervone remained totally unrepentant.

knew the decision that morning, Donaldson in Donald- Said Sir John Lord Denning, Sir John "This NIRC's Official Solicitor the judgement: and the son court has not asked or expected knew the night before. these men to apologize and they before the A few minutes have not done so.' judgement, a bundle of duplicated And later: Furthermore they of the findings were copies that brought out and handed to the have given no assurance they will observe the for press. the future. Thev would have had been off in They run haste. On page 27 a whole para- believe nothing has changed.

about the Then after talking had been scored out by graph the Jones- pencil marks and reporters told Lords' decision and I would like information about Fill in the form below and, send to NATIONAL

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Name Address Aldington Donaldson report, said 'a fresh start should now be made'. He went out of his way to tell the men he was about to free that they wouldn't be going to jail again, even if they went blacking the Midland back to Cold Storage depot in East London. All that would happen is that 'they would stand condemned by their own actions' as men bent 'destruction' of among the on other things 'the rule of law'.

which we 'For the reasons have given and just before we returned to court to give them, we ordered the immediate release of these men from cus- tody, he concluded. Discussions In • these troubled times you can always rely on a revealing quotation from 'City Press' , the weekly newspaper of the City of London. lead article Its front-page declares: 'Easy • docks solution judges bungled - High Court scared. 'High court judges are wildly alarmed at judges being drawn into politics through Industrial Court decisions and Relations appeals. Sir John Donaldson had with Lord discussions long Denning and other High Court judges Tuesday after on Official Solicitor made applica- tion for an urgent hearing to get the five dockers released.

News of this secret meeting between Donaldson and Denning be of interest will great to dockers and other workers who have been fed on Tory propa- ganda about the independence of the judiciary. 'The Guardian' there is In further information about Denning's role: 'It is confirmed that the Court of Appeal, over which he was ad- presiding, unexpectedly journed at 12.25 p.m. on Tues- day until after lunch. Lord Denning's clerk has told me that he is not at liberty to disclose the reason for this unusual occurrence. 'It is also confirmed that the Official Solicitor, Mr Norman saw Lord Denning • in Turner, connection with the case, the paper's legal correspondent said yesterday. The 'New Statesman' was even more outspoken about the legal shenanigans: Con Clancy carried shoulder after his release from Pen- high tonville on Wednesday. Return to

CON CLANCY,

one of the five dockers released from jail on Wednesday, back on picket was the Cold outside Midland of the Storage depot yesterday. 'The basic cynicism could hardly With him was Ted Hedges, court's workings blatantly revealed one of the seven men originally stand more than they now do. named in the stop-picketing of the National Industrial order At least now it is self-evident Court but not sent to Relations hypocrisy for that it was sheer prison. Mr Maurice Macmillan to bumble spokesman for the dockers on about the impossibility of the said: 'The picketing goes on.' executive interfering reverse to Sir John

NIRC

president decision by the judiciary in Donaldson Wednesday said on the dockers: order spring had Law Lords that the such a move, said the Secretary reinforced the court's original Employment Monday, for on Transport that the and VieW would be undermining the whole General Workers' Union was basis of the British constitution.

responsible for the actions of its Yet who believes that the stewards. anything court surrendered to The method of primary en- else but a political imperative?'

forcement of the Act was against In a special edition of BBC's the funds of organizations 'Panorama' Thursday night, rather than individuals, he said.

Jack Jones, the T&GWU general The pickets have been outside secretary, made allegations which the depot for ten weeks. clearly rocked interviewer Robin Midland Cold Storage, losing Day. €2,000 a week, is expected to start laying off the first of its 57- Jones claimed that the House of had Lords judgement not work force in the next strong few days treated his fairly. They time to had sufficient The Midland directors had not were consider Furthermore, present their case. meeting yesterday to he for official possible new legal They was calling an moves. inquiry into the conduct of the could apply for an order not five Law Lords. against the

T&GWU.

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SIDE. The Professionals. 10.05 NEWS, Weather. 10.15

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Football - Watney Cup Competition. 11.15

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7.35 THE CODEBREAKERS. The Lucy Ring.

TOP

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Crown Green Bowling. 8.25 CIVILIZATION. Part 7. 9.15

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Don McLean. 10.05 EMMA. Part 2.

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11.15 NEWS, Weather. 11.20 CRICKET. Highlights from 4th Test. 11.50

MIDNIGHT MOVIE: "THE

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Peter Cushing, Forrest Tucker. ounds on Saturday'

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9.35 Open University. 1.50 Cricket. 7.00 News Review, weather.

7.25 THE WORLD ABOUT US.

Operation Seashore. 8.15 SCOTT ON DRESS. Terry Scott. 9.00 MUSIC ON 2. Parade star- Shaps and Cyril David Waller. 10.00 FOR THE NATION. Gains- borough.

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Cornel Wilde,

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HTV Cymru/Wales as HTV Wales plus: 5.35 (Rpt) Nabod y Gair.

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4.10 Dr Locke. 4.40 London. 7.55 Film: 'Highway 301. 9.30 In for a penny. 10.00 London. 11.15 Saint. ATV MIDLANDS: 11.00 Service.

1.40 Horoscope. 1.45 Yesterdays.

3.15 Film: Sportsworld. 2.15 'Don't Ever Leave Me'. 4.40 Lon- Press; Saturday July 29, 1972 PAGE 11 Film: 'Escape Stories. Skippy. 1.10

ULSTER: 12.40

Frighteners do? 11.25 Cartoon. Journey Weather. 12.00 Cricket. 1.10 London. 5.10 Primus. 5.40 Who do you do?

6.10 News. 6.15 Sez Les. 7.00 Film: 'The Spy with My Face'.

11.25 8.25 London. Strange report. TYNE TEES: 11.25 Yesterdays.

11.55 Cricket. 1.10 London: 5.10 Primus. 5.40 Who do you do? 6.10 News. 6.15 Sez Les. 7.00 ' 8.30 McCloud. 8.25 Cartoon. 11.25 Journey to the London. unknown. 12.20 Songs. SCOTTISH: 11.50 Casebook. 12.15 Arthur. 12.35 Horoscope. 12.45 Primus. 1.10 London. 5.10 In for a penny. 5.40 . Who • do you do? 6.10 News. 6.15 Sez Les. 7.00 Film: 'Posse from Hell'. 8.30 London. 11.25 Late call. 11.30 O'Hara. GRAMPIAN: 12.50 Beagan Gaidh- lig. 1.10 London. 5.10 Batman. 5.40 Who do you do? 6.10 News.

6.15 Sez Les. 7.00 McCloud. 8.20..

Cartoon. London. 11.25 8.30 1.10 Survival. ent channels on Saturday don. 6.35 Out of this world. 7.00 London. 7.55 Film: 'No Love for Johnnie'. 10.00 London. 11.15 Spyforce.

ULSTER:

1.45 5 Film:. Tarzas 2.15 Sportsworld. 3.15 Film: and the Amazons'. 4.40 London.

7.53 Results. 7.55 Cartoon. 8.05 Film: 'BFs Daughters'. 10.00 Lon- don. 11.15 Saint. Talking

YORKSHIRE:

10.45 12.05 Hands. 11.00 Service. Craftsmen. 12.30 Beloved enemy.

12.55 Farming. 1.25 Cook book 1.55 Calendar. 2.20 Bowling. 3.15 Crime'. Film: 'Murder Without 4.40 London. 7.55 Film: 'Green Fire'. 9.45 Popeye. 10.00 London.

12.10 11.15 report. Strange Weather. GRANADA: 11.00 Service. 12.55 Year 2000. 1.20 Yesterdays. 1.50 Rocket Robin Hood. 2.15 Sports- Wistful world. 3.15 Film: "The Widow'. 4.35 Cartoon. 4.40 Lon- don. 7.55 Film: 'No Love for • 10.00 London. 11.15 Johnnie'. Out front. TYNE TEES: 10.45 Talking hands.

11.00 Service. 12.05 Something 12.30 Beloved to sing about. enemy. 12.55 Farming. 1.25 Rug- by. 1.55 Out of town. 2.15 Jobs.

3.15 Film: 'The 2.20 Bowls. Crooked Web'. 4.40 London. 7.55 Film: 'High Wind in Jamaica'.

9.55 Cartoon. 10.00 London. 11.15 Corwin. 12.10 Congo. SCOTTISH: 1.20 Out of town. 1.40 Horoscope. 1.45 Yesterdays. 2.15 Sportsworld. 3.15 Film: 'Light Up the Sky'. 4.40 London. 7.55 Film: 'Fall Safe'. 10.00 London. 11.15 Late call. 11.20 Songs remem- bered GRAMPIAN: 12.55 Cook book.

1.20 Yesterdays. 1.50 Farm pro- gress. 2.20 Film: 'Ferry Cross the Mersey'. 3.55 A place of her 7.55 Film: OWin. 4.40 London. 'Aaron Slick from Pinkin Crick'.

ilm: 9.30 Short story. 10.00 London.

_on- 11.15 Untouchables.

We want jobs not promises demand from dockers rally PAGE 12 Workers Press, Saturday July 29 DOCKERS do not want from the Royal Group of docks, said yesterday. He told a mass rally of London dockers at Tower Hill that they could be facing 'the Waterloo' of the docks industry. dockers were But the not going to play Napolean. If any- one was going to lose it would be the employers. The rally applauded Steer, Vic Turner and the other three

COMMENT BY IAN

THE KID-GLOVE technique having failed, the Tory govern- is now preparing to ment administer a heavy blow to the IRA in Ulster. The 4,000 extra troops or- dered to Northern Ireland bring of infantry the total number units there to 27—five more than are normally kept in the whole of Britain. All the indications are that the Tory government has given the go-ahead for a major search-and- destroy offensive against the IRA Bogside and Londonderry's in Creggan areas along the lines. of Lenadoon operation - 700 'saturated' soldiers small a Catholic district of Belfast.

Since the end of the 14-day June truce, the IRA Provisionals have intensified their campaign with new and heavier weapons.

With industrial unrest escalat- ing on the home front, the Tories pressed home their 'peace' initia- tive to the last. Having induced the Social Democratic and Labour Party leaders to swallow their peace bait, secret Labour and Tory were held with Provo talks leaders aimed at persuading them to lay down their and arms come to the conference table.

Both failed. Neither could offer the IRA anything but pro- mises and as Belfast commander Seamus Twomey acidly observed: *Mr Whitelaw had promised so nuch to everybody he had no- thing left to give.' In point of fact the Tory cup- board had been empty from the start. Heath and Ulster Secretary Whitelaw knew very well that all they were really asking was that Ulster's insoluble problems should be discussed rather than fought over. Backbench Tories, the Unionist lobby at Westminster and Pro- organizations testant extremist further ensured that concessions to the IRA were minimal. stuck to The Provo leaders their guns and insisted on the release of all internees, the with- drawal of British troops to bar- racks, steps to deal with the Protestant UDA and recognition of Ireland's right to deal with • her own problems. The RAF flew them home to Ulster necessarily empty-handed and the shooting war was called Tor on again with renewed intensity.

Ulster's crisis is the crisis of capitalism generally. The talks with the Provos foundered on the insolubility of this crisis and nothing else. If the Tories could solve the problems of unemployment, low wages,_high rents, slum housing and inflation in Ulster, they could solve them throughout Britain.

But they cannot. The overt cars lay July 29, 1972

BY DAVID MA

dockers released from Penton- by the National ville prison Industrial Relations Court on Wednesday. Tony Merrick, one of the five, had a simple but telling message for his fellow workers: 'Penton- prison, ville Caledonian Road, London. Cell Block A—Cell 38-39 are empty. Thank you' Derek Watkins, another of the jailed men, told the rally that when they heard the demon- strators outside the jail shouting for them 'wonderful, it was wonderful. Steer said that the Bernie docks' stewards were not opposed to the technological revolution in the industry, but to the misuse of

NT BY IAN YEATS

wielding of the Tory club in rn- Northern Ireland by the military is only one step removed from the policy being implemented against the working class in • the agency of Britain through the anti-union laws and the National Industrial Relations Court. As yet the Ulster working class is faced with no alternative to the sectarian petty-bourgeois and reformist leadership of the IRA and the UDA. What has always been required and is a party based was on genuine revolutionary Marxist perspectives which alone would have allowed Catholic and Pro- testant workers to unite in a class offensive against the masters of capital on both sides of the Irish Sea and both sides of the border.

With the failure of their peace initiative, the Tories are now faced with huge new troop com- mitments the province-so to substantial that three of the seven units have extra had to be brought back from Germany.

Meanwhile, as they continue to get inextricably bogged down in Ulster, working-class tempers in Britain are rising fast-so fast that the prospect of a General Strike has never been closer since 1926 and the national dock strike alone poses the need for a declaration of a state of emerg- ency with all its repercussions.

The jailing of the five dockers not only concentrated the atten- tion of the working class on the Industrial Relations Act, but on to the need to throw out the Tories once and for all. The despatch of more troops all to Ulster discloses yet again the grass-roots bankruptcy of Tory policies in the teeth of deepening recession on the one hand and a working-class offensive of un- precedented militancy on the other. The Tories are in a corner.

But like all trapped animals they are going to hit out mercilessly -in Ireland and at home. The Tory government can and must be forced to resign. The only prop that holds the whole edifice of Tory power in rotten office is the treacherous collabo- ration of the Labour Party leaders. Wilson wholeheartedly backs Tory policy in Ulster and only on Wednesday he described the Jones-Aldington report which would lead to massive sackings in dockland as a 'first-class' set and of proposals. There is oniy one way to end the unemployment and inflation in Ulster and in Britain. That is to force this Tory government to resign and elect a Labour govern- ment which must be forced to vert carry out socialist policies.

DAVID MAUDE

new developments to put men out of work. 'We don't want promises, we want guarantees' said reference to the jones-Aidington report rejected by docks delegates on Thursday. Dockers had what accepted they had been told about the last inquiry into the industry conducted by Lord Devlin, that it would • solve all the evils of the docks. But they now found themselyes with 20,000 men less than when the report was pub- lished. The employers said in the Jones-Aldington report that they would take all the men out of the unattached pool.

FROM PAGE 1

'The Times' spoke for the ruling class in its editorial yesterday: •... the trade union claim is much more than to say that this Act, it is to say that is a bad their affairs, and their affairs alone, cannot be legislated for and that they will not accept any such legislation. 'This again is a claim which is anti-democratic because it sets the rights of a powerful minority [the working class is a minority!] above the rights of the whole. It is the same as the claim of the medieval church that clerics could not be tried in lay courts; if it were it would create, accepted, two jurisdictions, one the law of Britain and the other the law, such as it is, of the

TUC.'

What this really means is that the ruling class recognizes that a situation of virtual dual power has been created. The warning is unmistakable. The Tories will try to rally all their forces to put • to this situation. They an end are looking for the opportunity spring an election on the to issue: 'Who rules Britain?'.

They will try to frighten the middle class through inflation and the fear of 'chaos' into a 'law- and-order' stampede. They will try to use the trade union and Labour leaders, ever- to confuse and willing, divide the working class, to disarm them in face of the blows being pre- pared. what the dockers That wanted, Steer said, but they had heard promises similar past. 'We don't doubt the sincerity of our negotiators, but we doubt on past record the honesty of certain employers.' He told the employers that if they were serious in what they said about safeguards, it was convince the dockers. easy They should take their shares out unregistered labour depots and send the work back into the docks. Turner, chairman of the Vic Royal Group stewards, called called for constant picketing of unregistered ports which were still working. Instead of preparing and mobil- izing the movement, these TUC leaders are talking with the CBI to set up 'independent' concili- ation procedures. Meanwhile the decision of the House of Lords will bring thousands of employers' applications to the NIRC.

The last week has shown great change in the thinking and action of millions of workers. Wilson and Feather will fight all the harder to prevent this change the defeat of from leading to the Tories by the mass move- ment. The fight for alternative revo- lutionary leadership is now the the moment for question every trade unionist. What then must be done? In the dangerous days ahead, there must be not a moment's relaxation in the struggle against the government, which hopes to arm itself to the teeth during the 'quiet' August-September period.

The dockers have given the lead to every worker: step up the fight to get the Tories out!

The first and most urgent demand must be for the immedi- ate recall of the TUC and Labour Party conferences, to meet jointiy and decide on action. They must decide on the preparation of a General Strike to force the Tory resign, followed government to by the return of a Labour gov- ernment, which must repeal the Industrial Relations Act and carry out nationalization of the banks industries, and major without compensation and under workers' control. THE 50 actors and actresses who lobbied yesterday's Equity to discuss meeting pay claim the West End were refused admittance to the meeting. And the union's council also refused to read out their petition to delegates. It seems clear from yes- terday's discussion that the leadership has retreated from the £30 minimum; already a f25 offer is being suggested with the other f5 in January. The musical companies in the West End are proving particularly hos- tile to the wage demand. Below: Actor Robert Morley is addressed by lobbyists carrying slogans like: 'What's the secret, open the meeting?

This is the only way to warn, mobilize and prepare the work- ing class to answer the threat of imposition of right-wing dictator- ship. This threat is not in the distant future, but is brought into the calculations of the gov- ernment of today by the great strength of the working class in rejecting the Industrial Relations Act. What matters above all is that the working class becomes con- scious of its strength. In every city and town, in every region, build Councils of Action, representing trade union and factory organizations, poli- tical parties of the working class (Labour Parties, Socialist Labour League, Communist Party, and all socialist organizations), tenants' committees, unemployed, and all those fighting the Tory government. Socialist policies are the only way out of the crisis! The power of the Tories and their class must be broken! This means mobilizing the working class to make them resign and returning a Labour government pledged to socialist policies.

NEWS DESK 01-720 2000

CIRCULATION 01-622 7029

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